diff --git a/02-DECISIONS/0004-a-node-and-how-it-joins.md b/02-DECISIONS/0004-a-node-and-how-it-joins.md
index 9c010eb..34ca3ca 100644
--- a/02-DECISIONS/0004-a-node-and-how-it-joins.md
+++ b/02-DECISIONS/0004-a-node-and-how-it-joins.md
@@ -143,6 +143,39 @@ mesh's copy is a public key, so a copy of the mesh's database grants nothing. *C
 is compromise of that node* becomes true rather than aspirational, because the only secret on a
 machine is the one that identifies it.
 
+### What "connecting to the mesh" is, concretely
+
+*Written 2026-08-29, because it was asked and this record had never said it.*
+
+**One outbound AMQP connection from the node to the broker, held open.** That is all of it. There
+is no second connection and nothing is ever dialled *at* a node. Being in the mesh, operationally,
+means that connection is up; being disconnected means it is not
+([`09-the-node-lifecycle.md`](../03-DESIGN/01-to-be/09-the-node-lifecycle.md)).
+
+**Two different things ride on it, and conflating them is what made this confusing:**
+
+| | what it answers | who issues it |
+|---|---|---|
+| **an AMQP account** | may this connection be accepted at all | **the mesh, at enrolment** |
+| **the node's keypair** | which node is speaking, on every message | **the node**, above |
+
+**The account is the mesh's to issue**, and per node. The broker has to authenticate somebody
+before a connection exists, and a shared account would let any node consume another's queue —
+which is the shared-credential fault this record exists to remove, reappearing at the transport.
+So enrolment creates that node's account and hands it over, and it is rotatable without touching
+the node's identity.
+
+**The keypair is not made redundant by it.** With only an account, the control plane would know
+which node is speaking *because the broker says so* — and that is the same transitive authority
+this record refuses in the other direction. A compromised broker could then attribute reports to
+whichever node it liked, and the control plane would act on them. Signing is what removes the
+broker from the question in both directions.
+
+**So a node holds two things after enrolment**: a credential the mesh issued for reaching the
+broker, and a key it generated itself that the mesh only ever sees the public half of. Both are
+its own, neither reaches anything else, and *compromise of a node is compromise of that node*
+still holds.
+
 ### Its own key, not the machine's SSH host key
 
 Reusing the host key is the obvious economy and it is refused, for reasons that are operational