Close the record on the lab

Playbook 02 and 04 were followed for the substance — decisions before design,
design before build — and skipped for the bookkeeping. This closes that.

004 graduates. Its one open item was "not yet stood up"; the lab is stood up,
and the substitution the effort turned on is now enforced by the validator
before anything is raised rather than left as a thing to remember. Its
certificate conclusion has a home in 01-end-to-end-testing and is designed but
not built — implementation is a third axis, and an effort graduates on its
conclusions.

One item leaves 004 without a home and is recorded rather than lost: the reverse
proxy does not set caServer, so it defaults to the production endpoint.

The two lab designs read `designed` while running in production of a sort, so
they become `in-progress`.

And the lab gets an as-is document, which it did not have. It records what runs
including the parts nobody would choose again: that `place:` is refused and the
lab therefore raises EMPTY MACHINES, that the drawing shipped with no design
document behind it, that a router is tagged as a machine for a reason found by a
bug, and that the integration suite raises two of five scenarios while both
faults found so far lived in the three it does not.

006 stays active, deliberately. Two of its open questions ARE the tier 0 design
— whether absorbing six concerns makes the host too large, and whether an
unprivileged node earns a place in the inventory. Playbook 04 is explicit that
an open question is a reason to research, not to build around.

01-RESEARCH/004-lab-network/00-overview.md

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 ---
-status: active
+status: graduated
 initiated: 2026-08-22
 touches: [03-DESIGN/00-as-is/01-mesh-and-transport.md, 03-DESIGN/01-to-be/01-end-to-end-testing.md]
-became: [02-DECISIONS/0016-a-lab-node-is-a-virtual-machine.md, 02-DECISIONS/0031-the-lab-provides-the-underlay.md, 03-DESIGN/01-to-be/02-scenario-declaration.md]
+became:
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0016-a-lab-node-is-a-virtual-machine.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0031-the-lab-provides-the-underlay.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0033-a-router-is-scenery-not-a-node.md
+  - 03-DESIGN/01-to-be/02-scenario-declaration.md
+  - 03-DESIGN/01-to-be/01-end-to-end-testing.md
 ---
 
 # 004 — Reproducing the mesh network in a lab
@@ -46,5 +51,17 @@ production so real nodes are unaffected.
 
 ## Open
 
-- Not yet stood up. `incus` is declared in `modules/hal/developer/module.yml` and merged
-  (PR #944); the lab itself is unbuilt.
+*Closed 2026-08-25.* The lab is stood up. The topology this effort described raises, and the
+substitution it turned on — a simulated public segment addressed from documentation space
+rather than RFC1918 — is enforced by the declaration validator before anything is raised
+rather than left as a thing to remember.
+
+The certificate conclusion above is carried by
+[`01-end-to-end-testing.md`](../../03-DESIGN/01-to-be/01-end-to-end-testing.md), which
+specifies the lab's own ACME issuer on the public segment. It is **designed and not built** —
+implementation state is a third axis, and the effort graduates on its conclusions, not on
+their delivery.
+
+One item leaves this effort without a home and is recorded here so it is not lost: the reverse
+proxy does not set `caServer`, so it defaults to the public authority's production endpoint.
+That is a fact about what runs today, not about the lab.

03-DESIGN/00-as-is/11-the-lab.md

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+---
+layer: as-is
+status: implemented
+code: [mesh-lab]
+updated: 2026-08-25
+decisions:
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0016-a-lab-node-is-a-virtual-machine.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0029-the-labs-first-scenario-has-no-pipeline.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0031-the-lab-provides-the-underlay.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0032-a-scenario-is-an-isolated-address-space.md
+  - 02-DECISIONS/0033-a-router-is-scenery-not-a-node.md
+---
+
+# The lab, as it stands
+
+The first piece of the new shape that exists. It is the only repository outside the monorepo
+so far, and unlike everything else planned it ships to nobody: it runs on a workstation,
+raises virtual machines, and throws them away.
+
+Written from the implementation. Where intent and implementation disagree, the implementation
+is what is recorded here and the disagreement is stated.
+
+## What it does
+
+A scenario is a YAML file declaring an **underlay** — segments, the gateways between them, and
+machines placed on them. `raise` materialises it on `incus`; `destroy` removes it. In between,
+`exec` runs a command inside a machine, and `snapshot` / `restore` capture and return the whole
+scenario as one state.
+
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| segments as isolated links | works |
+| machines, multi-homed or detached | works |
+| declared addresses, both families | works |
+| segment MTU | works |
+| gateways, NAT, masquerade | works |
+| `published:` ports, as DNAT through the gateway's address | works |
+| `mapping_ttl:` as a conntrack timeout, read back after setting | works |
+| `forwardable: false` — outbound only | works |
+| `policy:` between segments, asymmetric | works |
+| `inbound: deny` as a host firewall, read back after applying | works |
+| several public networks, routed through a transit router | works |
+| `diagram` — the scenario drawn, from the declaration or from the hypervisor | works |
+| `place:` | **refused at raise** |
+| the lab's own certificate authority | **not built** |
+
+## What it does not do, and why that matters
+
+**`place:` is refused.** A scenario can declare that a node host is placed on a machine; the
+lab names the gap and refuses rather than raising a scenario that silently lacks what it
+declared. Nothing can be placed because tier 0 does not exist yet.
+
+The consequence is worth stating plainly rather than leaving to be inferred: **the lab raises
+empty machines.** It reproduces a network faithfully and puts nothing on it. It is
+infrastructure whose consumer has not been built, and it stays that way until tier 0 does.
+
+**The certificate story is designed and absent.**
+[`01-end-to-end-testing.md`](../01-to-be/01-end-to-end-testing.md) specifies the lab running
+its own ACME issuer on the public segment, preserving production's two-CA split. None of that
+is built.
+
+## What shipped differently from the design
+
+**The drawing was never designed.** `diagram` renders a scenario as draw.io, from the
+declaration or from the running instance, and it exists because it was asked for during the
+build. It has tests and a decision record ([ADR 0035](../../02-DECISIONS/0035-a-picture-is-read-from-what-runs.md),
+proposed) but no document in the to-be layer. It is recorded here because it runs, not because
+it was planned.
+
+**A router is tagged as a machine as well as a router.** The design speaks of routers and
+machines as distinct. In the implementation a router carries `user.mesh-lab.machine` too,
+because `destroy` finds an instance's resources with one query and a router that carried only
+`router=` was left behind — holding its networks open, so `destroy` reported removing zero
+segments.
+
+**The router image is built once and cached.** A scenario is a closed address space, so a
+router has no route to a package repository and cannot install `nftables` at raise time. The
+image is prepared once, with temporary connectivity. That is the only step in the whole lab
+that needs the workstation to be online.
+
+## The rules that turned out to be load-bearing
+
+**Public segments must use documentation ranges** (RFC 5737, RFC 3849), refused by the
+validator before anything is raised. Research 004 found why: the mesh decides
+public-versus-private by matching the address, so a private range on a segment meant to be
+routable makes the mesh silently never form.
+
+**A scenario is a closed address space.** The workstation has no route in, so two instances
+raised from one declaration hold the same addresses and never meet. Reachability is therefore
+asked from *inside* — `exec` on one machine, testing another. The workstation's opinion would
+be a different question with a misleadingly similar answer.
+
+**One public address is one gateway.** Two gateway declarations sharing an address are one
+box, and their address lists union. Before this, gateways were grouped on their exact address
+list, and a household declaring a v6 address on one of its two segments became two router
+containers holding one address on one segment — which resolved to whichever answered ARP last.
+
+## What it costs
+
+Measured on a workstation, not asserted:
+
+| | one machine | two machines | two machines and a router |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| raise, to usable | 12.5 s | 14.6 s | 32 s |
+| snapshot | 0.14 s | 0.28 s | — |
+| restore, to usable again | 10.5 s | 11.6 s | — |
+
+Machines boot concurrently, so a second machine costs seconds rather than doubling the wait.
+Nearly all the remaining time is boot.
+
+These numbers depend entirely on a copy-on-write storage pool. On `dir` the same snapshot takes
+9.9 s and a full copy of the disk, and a second did not finish in two minutes — so the lab's
+`check` **refuses** rather than warns. A machine without copy-on-write runs scenarios correctly
+and snapshots roughly 76× slower, which does not make the lab slow, it makes it unused.
+
+## How it is checked
+
+`npm run check` — typecheck over source *and* tests, then the offline suite, then integration
+against a real hypervisor. Mocking the hypervisor is forbidden
+([ADR 0034](../../02-DECISIONS/0034-a-test-defends-a-decision.md), proposed): a test that fakes
+the system under integration asserts that the fake behaves as expected.
+
+Integration tests **skip with a reason** on a machine that cannot raise scenarios, rather than
+passing green having checked nothing.
+
+Two things the suite does not yet do, recorded because their absence is invisible:
+
+- **It raises two of the five scenarios.** Both faults found so far — two gateways holding one
+  address, and a gateway drawn across an unrelated network — lived in scenarios nothing ever
+  built. They were found by looking at pictures, not by running tests.
+- **Nothing opens the generated draw.io file.** The tests assert on the XML and check the
+  stencil names against draw.io's own library, but no test has ever opened one.
+
+## References
+
+- [`01-to-be/02-scenario-declaration.md`](../01-to-be/02-scenario-declaration.md) — what a
+  scenario declares.
+- [`01-to-be/03-scenario-lifecycle.md`](../01-to-be/03-scenario-lifecycle.md) — what happens
+  to one.
+- [`01-to-be/04-lab-installation.md`](../01-to-be/04-lab-installation.md) — what the
+  workstation needs.
+- [Research 004](../../01-RESEARCH/004-lab-network/00-overview.md) — the topology, and the
+  address-range constraint the whole thing turns on.
+- [Research 010](../../01-RESEARCH/010-lab-inner-loop-cost/00-overview.md) — where the measured
+  costs come from.

03-DESIGN/00-as-is/README.md

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ Where the two disagree, the implementation wins and the disagreement is stated.
 | [`08-agents-and-work.md`](08-agents-and-work.md) | Agents as employees, tasks, workflows, and the meeting model |
 | [`09-interfaces-and-observability.md`](09-interfaces-and-observability.md) | How the mesh is reached and watched — tools, board, proxy, health, thoughts |
 | [`10-module-catalogue.md`](10-module-catalogue.md) | The catalogue's shape, and what its shape says |
+| [`11-the-lab.md`](11-the-lab.md) | The lab — the first piece of the new shape that exists, and what it does not yet do |
 
 ## What these documents are not
 

03-DESIGN/01-to-be/02-scenario-declaration.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ---
 layer: to-be
-status: designed
+status: in-progress
 code: [mesh-lab]
-updated: 2026-08-23
+updated: 2026-08-25
 decisions:
   - 02-DECISIONS/0029-the-labs-first-scenario-has-no-pipeline.md
   - 02-DECISIONS/0031-the-lab-provides-the-underlay.md

03-DESIGN/01-to-be/03-scenario-lifecycle.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ---
 layer: to-be
-status: designed
+status: in-progress
 code: [mesh-lab]
-updated: 2026-08-23
+updated: 2026-08-25
 decisions:
   - 02-DECISIONS/0029-the-labs-first-scenario-has-no-pipeline.md
   - 02-DECISIONS/0031-the-lab-provides-the-underlay.md