Glossary, the mesh-controller/foundation vocabulary, ADR 0076, Phase 3 closed #43
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---
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layer: to-be
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status: proposed
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code:
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- mesh-sdk src
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- mesh-tools src/broker-amqp.ts
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- mesh-control internal/link
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updated: 2026-09-15
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decisions:
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- 02-DECISIONS/0074-the-wire-is-specified-not-the-types.md
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- 02-DECISIONS/0039-what-the-sdk-holds-and-refuses.md
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- 02-DECISIONS/0043-a-module-broker-account-is-scoped-by-emits-and-consumes.md
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- 02-DECISIONS/0042-the-shape-of-an-event-on-the-wire.md
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---
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# The module protocol
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**What a module's code and the mesh say to each other.** An SDK is an implementation of this in one
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language and nothing more ([ADR 0074](../../02-DECISIONS/0074-the-wire-is-specified-not-the-types.md)).
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This is a specification, so it says what is required rather than how anything is arranged. Where it
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describes current behaviour that is *not yet* specified-and-conformed, it says so.
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## The shape of it
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A **floor** every implementation needs, and three **capabilities** that are independent of each
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other. An SDK implements the floor plus whatever capabilities it claims; a module is refused at
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build time if it uses a capability its language's SDK does not implement.
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| part | a module uses it to |
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| **connection** | reach the broker as itself |
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| **events** | emit, and react to what others emit |
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| **tools** | answer questions asked of it |
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| **provisioning** | give a consumer an instance of what it provides |
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---
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## The floor: connection
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### The credential
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A module is given a **sealed credential** as a file, and told where by its declaration. The
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document:
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| field | is | required |
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|---|---|---|
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| `url` | an `amqps://` URL carrying the account's user and password | yes |
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| `fingerprint` | sha256 of the certificate the broker must present | yes for a scoped account |
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| `node` | the machine this account was issued for | yes for a scoped account |
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| `module` | the module this account was issued for | yes for a scoped account |
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A plain string rather than a document is a **bootstrap URL** — unscoped, for the moment before a
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mesh can issue anything. An implementation accepts both and must not treat the second as ordinary.
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### Connecting
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- The connection **pins the fingerprint**. It does not trust a certificate authority, and it does
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not skip verification. A broker presenting a different certificate is refused, whatever else is
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true of it.
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- A scoped account **does not declare exchanges**. The substrate owns them; an account that may
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declare one is an account that may create a parallel mesh by typo.
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- An implementation **declares its own queue** and nothing else.
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### Identity
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**A module's node and module name come from its credential, never from its environment.**
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This is not a convenience. It is what makes what a module emits match what the mesh authorised: an
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environment variable can be set by anything on the machine, and a module that took its identity
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from one could emit events attributing them to another module. Where an environment variable and
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the credential disagree, the credential wins and the variable is overwritten.
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---
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## Capability: events
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### The exchanges
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| exchange | carries |
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|---|---|
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| `mesh.events` | every event |
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| `mesh.events.dead` | what could not be handled |
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### The queue
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One **durable** queue per consumer, named `<node>.<module>.events`, with as many bindings as the
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module has patterns. Durable because an event emitted while a module is restarting is exactly the
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one that must not be lost.
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**A message matching two bindings is delivered once**, so an implementation must match the routing
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key against its own patterns locally to decide which handlers run. An implementation that ran every
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handler whose exchange binding matched would run the wrong one.
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### The envelope
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Headers ride as AMQP headers. The body is JSON.
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| header | is | required |
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|---|---|---|
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| `x-event-id` | a unique id, made by the emitter | yes |
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| `x-source` | the module, context or node that emitted it | yes |
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| `x-node` | the machine it was emitted from | yes |
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| `x-time` | emit time, RFC-3339 | yes |
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| `content-type` | always `application/json` | yes |
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| `x-causation-id` | the event or command that caused this one | no |
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| `x-schema` | a version of the body's shape | no |
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**An unknown `x-` header is ignored, never refused.** An event is observed by parties that need not
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all understand every header, and an implementation that refused one would make adding a header a
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breaking change for everybody.
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### Delivery
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At-least-once. **Deduplication is on `x-event-id`**, which only the emitter can produce — a
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consumer cannot tell a redelivery from a second event any other way.
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### Not yet true
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`x-causation-id` and `x-schema` are specified above and **emitted by nothing**. The Go
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implementation writes four headers; the TypeScript one declares six. This is the drift ADR 0074
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exists about, and the first thing conformance will fail on.
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---
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## Capability: tools
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A module's tools are its operator-facing surface.
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- A tool is served from a **shared durable queue**, `serve.<key>`. Shared, so several runtimes
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serving one tool compete for a call rather than each answering it.
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- A call is request and reply. The reply returns through the RPC exchange `mesh.rpc`, keyed by the
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caller's own reply queue — **not** through the default exchange, which would let a caller publish
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into any queue on the broker.
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- A caller needs a **reply queue**, and that is what a module's scoped account may not declare
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([issue 049](../../04-ISSUES/049-a-module-can-serve-tools-and-nothing-can-call-them/00-report.md)).
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So a module may serve tools and may not call them, and nothing today issues an account to anything
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that wants to ask.
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### Not yet true
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The caller's half has no account. Until that is settled, the only thing that can ask a module a
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question is the substrate's bootstrap admin, which is not a protocol so much as a way in.
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---
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## Capability: provisioning
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A provider ships the provisioner that creates instances of what it offers
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([ADR 0040](../../02-DECISIONS/0040-what-a-module-is.md)).
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| direction | carries |
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|---|---|
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| **grant, in** | the provision, who is asking — **a module on a machine**, not a machine — and what the consumer contributed |
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| **credential, out** | the fields the provision promises a consumer |
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**Who is asking is one thing with two parts.** A machine routinely runs several modules wanting the
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same provision, so a grant addressed to a node alone does not name a consumer, and withdrawing one
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would take another's away.
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### Not yet true, and it is the sharpest disagreement
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The two existing implementations do not agree on this shape. In TypeScript a grant's `consumer` is
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**the module**; in Go, `Consumer` is **the node** and the module is `From`. One word, two meanings,
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in two halves of one mesh. At least one is wrong and the specification above says which.
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---
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## How an implementation is checked
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Per capability, against fixtures rather than prose — a specification nobody can run is a document
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two implementations drift from while both believe they conform.
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| Rule | Checked by |
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|---|---|
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| The floor is the floor | Every implementation reads the same credential fixture, and refuses one whose fingerprint does not match what the broker presents. |
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| Identity comes from the credential | A fixture sets an environment that disagrees with the credential; the emitted event carries the credential's. |
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| The envelope is the envelope | An emitted event is compared header by header against a fixture; a missing required header fails, an unknown `x-` header is accepted. |
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| Delivery is at-least-once | A fixture delivered twice is handled once. |
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| A grant names a consumer | A grant fixture is read by every implementation and yields the same module and the same node. |
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| A partial SDK is legitimate | An implementation claiming the floor and events passes those suites and is listed for them; a module using tools in that language is refused at build time with the reason. |
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@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ document is written and this one's status becomes `implemented`.
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| [`16-module-coverage.md`](16-module-coverage.md) | What a module must be able to say, measured against 127 that exist | [ADR 0009](../../02-DECISIONS/0009-modules-and-the-graph.md), [ADR 0005](../../02-DECISIONS/0005-the-node-host.md) |
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| [`17-raising-a-mesh.md`](17-raising-a-mesh.md) | How a mesh comes into existence, and how a machine joins one that exists | [ADR 0067](../../02-DECISIONS/0067-genesis-is-a-pivot.md), [ADR 0006](../../02-DECISIONS/0006-the-substrate-and-the-control-plane.md), [ADR 0005](../../02-DECISIONS/0005-the-node-host.md) |
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| [`18-building-a-module.md`](18-building-a-module.md) | How a build is modelled, and why a recipe that is always a Dockerfile does not fit what a module is | [ADR 0040](../../02-DECISIONS/0040-what-a-module-is.md), [ADR 0039](../../02-DECISIONS/0039-what-the-sdk-holds-and-refuses.md), [ADR 0009](../../02-DECISIONS/0009-modules-and-the-graph.md) |
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| [`19-the-module-protocol.md`](19-the-module-protocol.md) | What a module's code and the mesh say to each other; an SDK is an implementation of it | [ADR 0074](../../02-DECISIONS/0074-the-wire-is-specified-not-the-types.md), [ADR 0042](../../02-DECISIONS/0042-the-shape-of-an-event-on-the-wire.md), [ADR 0043](../../02-DECISIONS/0043-a-module-broker-account-is-scoped-by-emits-and-consumes.md) |
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## Not yet written
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