diff --git a/modules/nodered/Dockerfile b/modules/nodered/Dockerfile
deleted file mode 100644
index 3031ce6..0000000
--- a/modules/nodered/Dockerfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# nodered's runtime: the tool runtime, carrying this module's compiled code.
-#
-# **Built from this module's own directory and nothing else.** The sdk and the tool runtime are in
-# the base images, published like any other artifact — which is what makes this buildable by the
-# mesh from a repository and a path (novox/hq ADR 0069) rather than only on a workstation that
-# happens to have the siblings.
-#
-# Two bases, named rather than pinned (novox/hq issue 044): the image this is COMPILED in and the
-# image it RUNS in — the second must not carry a compiler. Declared in module.json's `build.on`.
-ARG BUILD_BASE
-ARG RUNTIME_BASE
-
-FROM ${BUILD_BASE} AS build
-WORKDIR /app/modules/nodered
-COPY . .
-RUN node /app/node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc client.ts tools/index.ts mqtt/probe.ts mqtt/connection.ts mqtt/index.ts \
-      --module NodeNext --moduleResolution NodeNext --target ES2022 --outDir dist
-
-FROM ${RUNTIME_BASE}
-COPY --from=build /app/modules/nodered/dist /app/modules/nodered/dist
-# Every serve-time entrypoint, loaded by the runtime in serve mode: tools and events serve, and a
-# provider's provisioner runs its reconcile loop in the same process, with the broker connected —
-# the convention novox/hq issues 060/061 settled.
-ENV MESH_TOOL_MODULES=/app/modules/nodered/dist/tools/index.js
-# NOT dist/mqtt/index.js: that is a step the host runs to completion, named by the `mqtt`
-# container's args as `mesh-tools run …` (novox/hq ADR 0052). Listed here it would run inside the
-# serving sidecar too, and exit it.
diff --git a/modules/nodered/module.json b/modules/nodered/module.json
index 0ce746a..131de90 100644
--- a/modules/nodered/module.json
+++ b/modules/nodered/module.json
@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@
     "api-token": {
       "path": "${dir:mesh-state}/api-token",
       "taken": "at-start"
-    },
-    "broker": "${dir:mesh-state}/broker"
+    }
   },
   "capabilities": [
     "container-runtime"
@@ -101,53 +100,31 @@
       "content": "{\n  \"token\": \"${secret:api-token}\"\n}\n"
     },
     {
-      "id": "runtime",
-      "type": "container",
-      "name": "mesh-nodered",
-      "network": "host",
-      "volumes": [
-        "${dir:mesh-state}/broker:/run/secrets/broker:ro",
-        "${dir:mesh-state}/config.json:/run/config/config.json:ro"
-      ],
-      "env": {
-        "MESH_BROKER_FILE": "/run/secrets/broker",
-        "MESH_NODERED_URL": "http://127.0.0.1:${port:1880}",
-        "MESH_NODERED_CONFIG_FILE": "/run/config/config.json"
-      },
-      "restart-on": [
-        "runtime-config"
-      ],
-      "artifact": "runtime"
+      "id": "mqtt-env",
+      "type": "file",
+      "path": "${dir:state}/mqtt.env",
+      "mode": "0600",
+      "content": "MESH_NODERED_URL=http://127.0.0.1:${port:1880}\nMESH_NODERED_CONFIG_FILE=${dir:mesh-state}/config.json\nMESH_PROVISIONS_DIR=${dir:state}\nMESH_WRITTEN_DIR=${dir:written}\n"
     },
     {
       "id": "mqtt",
-      "type": "container",
-      "name": "mesh-nodered-mqtt",
-      "network": "host",
-      "run-once": true,
-      "volumes": [
-        "${dir:mesh-state}/config.json:/run/config/config.json:ro",
-        "${dir:written}:/var/lib/nodered-provisions",
-        "${dir:state}/mqtt-topic.json:/run/provisions/mqtt-topic.json:ro",
-        "${dir:state}/mqtt-topic.secret:/run/provisions/mqtt-topic.secret:ro",
-        "${dir:state}/settings.json:/run/provisions/settings.json:ro"
+      "type": "process",
+      "name": "nodered-mqtt",
+      "artifact": "code",
+      "run": [
+        "node",
+        "mqtt/index.js"
       ],
-      "env": {
-        "MESH_NODERED_URL": "http://127.0.0.1:${port:1880}",
-        "MESH_NODERED_CONFIG_FILE": "/run/config/config.json",
-        "MESH_PROVISIONS_DIR": "/run/provisions",
-        "MESH_WRITTEN_DIR": "/var/lib/nodered-provisions"
-      },
-      "args": [
-        "run",
-        "/app/modules/nodered/dist/mqtt/index.js"
+      "run-once": true,
+      "env-file": [
+        "${dir:state}/mqtt.env"
       ],
       "restart-on": [
+        "mqtt-env",
         "bound-mqtt-topic",
         "secret-mqtt-topic",
         "settings"
-      ],
-      "artifact": "runtime"
+      ]
     }
   ],
   "requires": [
@@ -173,23 +150,22 @@
     "mqtt-topic": "${dir:state}/mqtt-topic.secret"
   },
   "build": {
-    "on": [
-      {
-        "arg": "BUILD_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "build"
-      },
-      {
-        "arg": "RUNTIME_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "runtime"
-      }
-    ],
     "artifacts": [
       {
-        "name": "runtime",
-        "kind": "image",
-        "from": "Dockerfile"
+        "name": "code",
+        "kind": "bundle",
+        "language": "typescript",
+        "entrypoints": [
+          "tools/index.js",
+          "mqtt/index.js"
+        ],
+        "loads": [
+          "tools/index.js"
+        ],
+        "env": {
+          "MESH_NODERED_URL": "http://127.0.0.1:${port:1880}",
+          "MESH_NODERED_CONFIG_FILE": "${dir:mesh-state}/config.json"
+        }
       }
     ]
   }