diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/README.md b/modules/nfs-server/README.md
index 4630ce55..3c17f47a 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/README.md
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/README.md
@@ -29,7 +29,20 @@ another node requires.
 - **Never the backups.** A folder that is the machine's root, is not there, is not a folder, is inside a
   backup (restic) repository (any parent up to `/`), or holds one within four levels below it is refused,
   said by the tools, and makes the module unhealthy. The look below is bounded (200 000 folders); when it
-  is cut short, the share is refused rather than exported unchecked.
+  is cut short, the share is refused rather than exported unchecked. A clean look is believed for an hour.
+- **Never where the backup seat keeps its data, checked on every pass.** So that the hour cannot hide a
+  repository started inside it, the tools ask the controller over the bus, every five minutes, which module
+  holds `node-backup` on this machine (`seat:mesh-controller.seats`) and every path that module keeps data
+  in here (`seat:mesh-controller.data`; on the home server the restic repository and its state). They
+  leave it in `/var/lib/nfs-server/from-bus/backup.json`, and every pass refuses a share at, inside or
+  holding one of those paths, compared after resolving symbolic links, with nothing kept. A failed ask
+  keeps the last paths, and the status and the health warn that they are the last answer, with its age
+  and why. Until a list has been learnt, what is exported stays exported and the health warns that the
+  list is not known: a slow bus is no reason to take the library away, and the look below still guards.
+  A warning is said in the health without making the module unhealthy. **This is a deliberate choice**:
+  while the backup seat's paths are unknown the module stays healthy with a warning, rather than
+  unhealthy or refusing, because the look below every share still refuses one that holds a repository,
+  and taking the library away from every node because the bus was slow would be the larger harm.
 - **Only while its filesystem is mounted.** A share that is a filesystem of its own is exported with `mp`,
   a folder inside one with `mp=<its mount point>`, so an unmounted dataset never exports the empty folder
   under it. A folder of the root filesystem carries neither.
@@ -94,6 +107,37 @@ its config file, so on unassignment the config file is gone when the process is
 removes its export file — the one removal its code makes — and runs `exportfs -ra`, so the kernel lets the
 shares go. A plain restart, a push or a shutdown leaves the config file in place, and the exports stay.
 
+**Two signs of being taken away.** The process takes a stop as an unassignment when its config file is
+gone, or when its own unit (`nfs-server-exports.service`) is disabled: the node-engine stops a process it
+removes with `systemctl disable --now`, which disables the unit first, while a restart, a push or a
+shutdown leaves it enabled. The second sign covers a first apply that failed and recorded the process
+after its config (mesh-host #62), when the config is still there at the stop.
+
+**Within the stop timeout.** The service manager kills a process that has not stopped 90 s after SIGTERM
+(mesh-host #62), and a killed process cleans up nothing. So SIGTERM ends a running pass at once (its
+commands and its look below a share are cancelled, and it writes nothing), and the clean-up has its own
+bound of 10 s: the export file is removed first, which needs no command, then `exportfs -ra` runs within
+that bound. Whatever it could not finish is logged as `nfs-server: UNASSIGNED, NOT CLEAN: …`, with what a
+person must do.
+
+**If it is killed anyway** (it did not stop within the service manager's 90 s), nothing cleans up and the
+module never starts again. Then, on the home server as root: remove `/etc/exports.d/mesh.exports` and run
+`exportfs -ra`; `exportfs -v` should list no client of the private network's range for the module's folders.
+
+## The kernel's table follows the file
+
+The process has the kernel read the export files again (`exportfs -ra`) on its first pass, after any
+pass whose reload failed, when the file changed, when a share it exports is missing from the kernel's
+table, and when the kernel exports one of the module's folders to a client the file no longer has — a
+client inside the private network's range that no other export file names. While the kernel still
+exports such an entry, the module is unhealthy and says which. An export another file makes (ZFS's own,
+`/etc/exports`) is not the module's and is left alone.
+
+**A hand-made export does not survive.** `exportfs -ra` makes the kernel's table exactly what the export
+files say, so an export a person added by hand with `exportfs -o …` (in no file) is dropped by the first
+pass of every start of the process, and by any later reload. An export meant to last belongs in a file:
+the module's settings for a share of the mesh, or `/etc/exports` for anything else.
+
 ## What it leaves
 - **A subfolder export shares its filesystem.** A share that is a folder inside a larger filesystem (not
   a filesystem of its own) is exported with `no_subtree_check`, so a client that forges file handles could
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8bf3d6fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup.go
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+package main
+
+// Where this machine's backup seat keeps its data, from the bus (follow-up to the review of
+// mesh-catalog #136, point 4).
+//
+// The look below a share for a backup repository walks the folders and is believed for LookKept, so a
+// repository that the backup seat starts keeping under a share inside that hour would be exported until the
+// look is taken again. So the module also learns, over the bus, which module holds `node-backup` on this
+// machine and every path that module keeps data in (its repository among them), and every pass judges
+// every share against those paths with nothing kept: a share at, under or above one of them is refused.
+//
+// The tools ask — the root process does not reach the bus — every BackupEvery, and leave what they learnt
+// in BackupFile for the root process. A failed ask keeps the last paths and says why. Until a list has
+// been read, what is exported stays exported and the status says the list is not known: the bus being
+// slow is no reason to take the library away, and the look below still guards against a repository.
+//
+// The parsing of mesh-controller.data's answer is a small copy of the mounts module's (DataFrom). Shared
+// code belongs in mesh-sdk: moving both there is mesh-sdk issue 13.
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"sort"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// BackupFile is what the tools learnt about the backup seat on this machine.
+const BackupFile = WantsDir + "/backup.json"
+
+// BackupEvery is how often the tools ask.
+const BackupEvery = 5 * time.Minute
+
+// BackupSeat is the seat whose holder keeps this machine's backups.
+const BackupSeat = "node-backup"
+
+// BackupFromBus is the backup seat's holder on this machine and the paths it keeps data in.
+type BackupFromBus struct {
+	Holder string   `json:"holder"`
+	Paths  []string `json:"paths"`
+	Looked string   `json:"looked,omitempty"`
+	// Learnt is when an ask last succeeded: how old the holder and paths are.
+	Learnt string `json:"learnt,omitempty"`
+	// Error is why the last ask got no answer; the holder and paths are then the last answer's.
+	Error string `json:"error,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// BackupFrom reads the holder of node-backup on one machine from mesh-controller.seats' answer, and the
+// paths that module keeps data in on that machine from mesh-controller.data's. A machine whose backup seat
+// nobody holds, and an answer with no data list, are errors: never an empty list read as "nothing to fear".
+func BackupFrom(machine string, seats, data json.RawMessage) (string, []string, error) {
+	var s struct {
+		Answer *struct {
+			Seats []struct {
+				Seat    string `json:"seat"`
+				Holders []struct {
+					Module string `json:"module"`
+					Node   string `json:"node"`
+				} `json:"holders"`
+			} `json:"seats"`
+		} `json:"answer"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(seats, &s); err != nil || s.Answer == nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("the controller's seats answer could not be read: %v", err)
+	}
+	holder := ""
+	for _, seat := range s.Answer.Seats {
+		if seat.Seat != BackupSeat {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, h := range seat.Holders {
+			if h.Node == machine {
+				holder = h.Module
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if holder == "" {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("no module holds %s on %s", BackupSeat, machine)
+	}
+	var d struct {
+		Answer *struct {
+			Data *[]struct {
+				Machine string `json:"machine"`
+				Module  string `json:"module"`
+				Path    string `json:"path"`
+			} `json:"data"`
+		} `json:"answer"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &d); err != nil || d.Answer == nil || d.Answer.Data == nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("the controller's data answer holds no data list (%v)", err)
+	}
+	var paths []string
+	for _, item := range *d.Answer.Data {
+		if item.Module == holder && (item.Machine == "" || item.Machine == machine) && path.IsAbs(item.Path) {
+			paths = append(paths, path.Clean(item.Path))
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(paths)
+	return holder, paths, nil
+}
+
+// TakeBackup asks the controller over the bus, as the module, through the runtime.
+func (m *Machine) TakeBackup(machine string) {
+	m.TakeBackupWith(machine, askBus)
+}
+
+// TakeBackupWith is TakeBackup with the ask given, for tests. A failed ask keeps the last holder and
+// paths and adds why.
+func (m *Machine) TakeBackupWith(machine string, ask func(key string, body any) (json.RawMessage, error)) {
+	var last BackupFromBus
+	if text, err := m.Read(BackupFile); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(text), &last)
+	}
+	next := last
+	next.Looked = m.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	next.Error = ""
+	seats, err := ask("seat:mesh-controller.seats", map[string]any{})
+	var data json.RawMessage
+	if err == nil {
+		data, err = ask("seat:mesh-controller.data", map[string]any{"machine": machine})
+	}
+	if err == nil {
+		var holder string
+		var paths []string
+		holder, paths, err = BackupFrom(machine, seats, data)
+		if err == nil {
+			next.Holder, next.Paths, next.Learnt = holder, paths, next.Looked
+		}
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		next.Error = err.Error()
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: where the backup seat keeps its data could not be learnt:", err)
+	}
+	raw, _ := json.MarshalIndent(next, "", "  ")
+	if werr := m.Write(BackupFile, string(raw)+"\n"); werr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: the backup seat's paths could not be written:", werr)
+	}
+}
+
+// Backup is what the tools last learnt, and a sentence when it cannot be relied on as it stands: nothing
+// usable learnt yet, or a later ask failed and what is used is the last answer, with its age.
+func (m *Machine) Backup() (BackupFromBus, string) {
+	text, err := m.Read(BackupFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return BackupFromBus{}, "where this machine's backup seat keeps its repository has not been learnt from the bus yet; the shares are judged by the look below them alone until it is"
+	}
+	var b BackupFromBus
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(text), &b); err != nil {
+		return BackupFromBus{}, fmt.Sprintf("what was learnt about the backup seat (%s) could not be read: %v", BackupFile, err)
+	}
+	if len(b.Paths) == 0 {
+		why := "no path has been learnt"
+		if b.Error != "" {
+			why = b.Error
+		}
+		return b, "where this machine's backup seat keeps its repository is not known (" + why + "); the shares are judged by the look below them alone until it is"
+	}
+	if b.Error != "" {
+		age := "of unknown age"
+		if at, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, b.Learnt); err == nil {
+			age = fmt.Sprintf("learnt %s ago, at %s", m.Now().Sub(at).Round(time.Second), at.Local().Format("15:04"))
+		}
+		return b, fmt.Sprintf("where this machine's backup seat (%s) keeps its data is the last answer, %s: the "+
+			"latest ask failed (%s)", b.Holder, age, b.Error)
+	}
+	return b, ""
+}
+
+// realPaths are paths as the kernel resolves them, so a backup path named through a symbolic link is
+// compared where it really is; one that cannot be resolved is kept as named.
+func (m *Machine) realPaths(paths []string) []string {
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(paths))
+	for _, p := range paths {
+		if real, err := m.Real(p); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, real)
+		} else {
+			out = append(out, p)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// nearBackup is the backup seat's path a real path is at, under or above, or "".
+func nearBackup(real string, b BackupFromBus) (string, string) {
+	for _, p := range b.Paths {
+		switch {
+		case real == p:
+			return p, "is"
+		case len(real) > len(p) && real[:len(p)] == p && (p == "/" || real[len(p)] == '/'):
+			return p, "is inside"
+		case len(p) > len(real) && p[:len(real)] == real && (real == "/" || p[len(real)] == '/'):
+			return p, "holds"
+		}
+	}
+	return "", ""
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup_test.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7ae3298b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/backup_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Follow-up to the review (point 4): the one-hour look below a share must not hide a backup repository
+// that appears later. Where this machine's backup seat keeps its repository is read from the bus and every
+// share is judged against it on every pass.
+
+func (f *fake) backup(holder string, paths ...string) {
+	raw, _ := json.Marshal(BackupFromBus{Holder: holder, Paths: paths})
+	f.file(BackupFile, string(raw))
+}
+
+func TestAShareHoldingTheBackupSeatsRepositoryIsRefusedOnTheNextPass(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/pool/media")
+	f.dir("/srv/pool/restic")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("pool=/srv/pool media=/srv/pool/media", "pool=ws:rw media=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "pool", Access: "rw"}, {Share: "media", Access: "rw"}}})
+	m := f.machine()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 10, 8, 20, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	m.Now = func() time.Time { return now }
+	// The repository is not there yet: the look below finds nothing and is kept for an hour.
+	if s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil); refusedWhy(s, "pool") != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("the pool is refused before any repository exists: %+v", s.Refused)
+	}
+	// The backup seat starts keeping its repository there; a minute later is well inside LookKept.
+	f.backup("restic", "/srv/pool/restic", "/var/lib/restic")
+	now = now.Add(time.Minute)
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if why := refusedWhy(s, "pool"); !strings.Contains(why, "/srv/pool/restic") || !strings.Contains(why, "restic") {
+		t.Errorf("a share holding the backup seat's repository is exported inside the kept look: %q", why)
+	}
+	if refusedWhy(s, "media") != "" {
+		t.Errorf("a share beside the repository is refused: %q", refusedWhy(s, "media"))
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(ExportFile), "/srv/pool ") {
+		t.Errorf("the export file still names the pool:\n%s", f.read(ExportFile))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAShareInsideTheBackupSeatsRepositoryIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/backups/data")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("inside=/srv/backups/data", "inside=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "inside", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.backup("restic", "/srv/backups")
+	s := f.machine().Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(refusedWhy(s, "inside"), "/srv/backups") {
+		t.Errorf("a share inside the backup seat's repository is not refused: %+v", s.Refused)
+	}
+}
+
+// Until a list has been read, what is exported stays exported — the bus being slow is no reason to take
+// the library away — and the status says the list is not known.
+func TestWithoutTheBackupListTheExportsStayAndItIsSaid(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	s := f.machine().Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if refusedWhy(s, "library") != "" || len(s.Shares) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("the library is not exported while the backup list is unknown: %+v", s)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(s.Warnings, "\n"), "backup seat") {
+		t.Errorf("the status does not warn that the backup seat's repository is not known: %v", s.Warnings)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBackupFromTheSeatsAndTheData(t *testing.T) {
+	seats := json.RawMessage(`{"answer":{"seats":[{"seat":"node-backup","scope":"node","holders":[{"module":"restic","node":"ace"},{"module":"borg","node":"shanks"}]}]},"ok":true}`)
+	data := json.RawMessage(`{"answer":{"data":[{"machine":"ace","module":"restic","item":"repository","path":"/storage/restic"},{"machine":"ace","module":"restic","item":"state","path":"/var/lib/restic"},{"machine":"ace","module":"plex","item":"data","path":"/mnt/plex/data"}]},"ok":true}`)
+	holder, paths, err := BackupFrom("ace", seats, data)
+	if err != nil || holder != "restic" || strings.Join(paths, " ") != "/storage/restic /var/lib/restic" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q %v %v", holder, paths, err)
+	}
+	if _, _, err := BackupFrom("g14", seats, data); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("a machine whose backup seat nobody holds is not said")
+	}
+	if _, _, err := BackupFrom("ace", seats, json.RawMessage(`{"ok":true}`)); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("an answer with no data list reads as an empty list")
+	}
+}
+
+// A failed ask keeps the last paths: the file is not emptied, only the error is added.
+func TestAFailedAskKeepsTheLastBackupPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	m := f.machine()
+	m.TakeBackupWith("ace", func(string, any) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+		return nil, errors.New("no responders")
+	})
+	f.backup("restic", "/storage/restic")
+	m.TakeBackupWith("ace", func(string, any) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+		return nil, errors.New("timeout")
+	})
+	var b BackupFromBus
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(f.read(BackupFile)), &b); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if strings.Join(b.Paths, " ") != "/storage/restic" || !strings.Contains(b.Error, "timeout") {
+		t.Errorf("a failed ask lost the last paths or did not say why: %+v", b)
+	}
+}
+
+// The review of #142: the backup seat's path is compared as the kernel resolves it. A repository the data
+// list names through a symbolic link is still found under the share that really holds it.
+func TestTheBackupPathIsComparedAfterItsSymlinks(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/pool/restic")
+	f.symlink("pool/restic", "/srv/backups") // /srv/backups -> /srv/pool/restic
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("pool=/srv/pool", "pool=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "pool", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.backup("restic", "/srv/backups")
+	s := f.machine().Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if why := refusedWhy(s, "pool"); !strings.Contains(why, "/srv/pool/restic") {
+		t.Errorf("a share holding the backup seat's repository, named through a symlink, is not refused: %q", why)
+	}
+}
+
+// The review of #142: a list the tools could not refresh is said in the status and the health with its
+// age, and a list not known yet is a warning in the health — neither is a plain "healthy".
+func TestAStaleOrUnknownBackupListIsSaidWithItsAge(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 10, 8, 20, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	m.Now = func() time.Time { return now }
+
+	m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	h := m.Health()
+	if !strings.Contains(h.Why, "Warning") || !strings.Contains(h.Why, "backup seat") {
+		t.Errorf("an unknown backup list is not a warning in the health: %+v", h)
+	}
+
+	ok := func(key string, body any) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+		if strings.Contains(key, "seats") {
+			return json.RawMessage(`{"answer":{"seats":[{"seat":"node-backup","holders":[{"module":"restic","node":"hs"}]}]}}`), nil
+		}
+		return json.RawMessage(`{"answer":{"data":[{"machine":"hs","module":"restic","path":"/srv/restic"}]}}`), nil
+	}
+	m.TakeBackupWith("hs", ok)
+	now = now.Add(2 * time.Hour)
+	m.TakeBackupWith("hs", func(string, any) (json.RawMessage, error) { return nil, errors.New("the bus did not answer") })
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	said := strings.Join(append(append([]string{}, s.Said...), s.Warnings...), "\n")
+	if !strings.Contains(said, "2h0m0s") || !strings.Contains(said, "the bus did not answer") {
+		t.Errorf("the status does not say the backup list is 2 h old and why: %q", said)
+	}
+	h = m.Health()
+	if !strings.Contains(h.Why, "2h0m0s") {
+		t.Errorf("the health does not say the backup list's age: %+v", h)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/guards_test.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/guards_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..add729ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/guards_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package main
+
+// One test per guard of the review of #142, each failing when its guard alone is taken away.
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestStrayFindsAnExportOfTheModulesThatNoFileCarries(t *testing.T) {
+	live := []Entry{{Path: "/srv/library", Client: "10.0.0.4"}}
+	if got := Stray(live, nil, nil, meshRange); len(got) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("an export inside the mesh range that no file carries is the module's leftover: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// The foreign-file guard alone: the client is inside the mesh's range, so only the other file tells it apart.
+func TestStrayLeavesAnExportAnotherFileCarriesEvenInsideTheMeshRange(t *testing.T) {
+	// ZFS's own file exports the library to a client inside the mesh's range.
+	foreign := ParseExports("/srv/library 10.0.0.9(rw,no_subtree_check)\n", "/etc/exports.d/zfs.exports")
+	live := []Entry{{Path: "/srv/library", Client: "10.0.0.9", Options: "rw"}}
+	if got := Stray(live, nil, foreign, meshRange); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("what ZFS's file exports is not the module's, whatever its client: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// The range guard alone: no file carries the client, so only the range tells it apart.
+func TestStrayLeavesAClientOutsideTheMeshRange(t *testing.T) {
+	live := []Entry{{Path: "/srv/library", Client: "192.0.2.0/24"}, {Path: "/srv/library", Client: "192.0.2.7"},
+		{Path: "/srv/library", Client: "10.0.0.0/16"}}
+	if got := Stray(live, nil, nil, meshRange); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("a client the module never exports to (outside or wider than the mesh's range) is not its leftover: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// The failed-reload retry alone: the file is unchanged, every share is live and nothing is stray, so the
+// last pass's failed reload is the only reason to reload.
+func TestAFailedReloadIsTriedAgainWhenNothingElseAsks(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/library")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if !s.Shares[0].Live {
+		t.Fatalf("the library was not exported: %+v", s)
+	}
+
+	f.ran = nil
+	if s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s); countExportfs(f.ran) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("with nothing to do a pass reloads: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+	s.ReloadError = "exportfs: stuck"
+	f.ran = nil
+	m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if countExportfs(f.ran) == 0 {
+		t.Errorf("the last pass's failed reload was not tried again: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBackupFromRefusesAnAnswerWithoutADataList(t *testing.T) {
+	seats := json.RawMessage(`{"answer":{"seats":[{"seat":"node-backup","holders":[{"module":"restic","node":"ace"}]}]}}`)
+	for _, data := range []string{`{"answer":{}}`, `{"answer":{"data":null}}`} {
+		if _, paths, err := BackupFrom("ace", seats, json.RawMessage(data)); err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s was read as the empty list %v: never \"nothing to fear\"", data, paths)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheLookBelowStopsWhenTheProcessStops(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.dir("/srv/library/movies/a")
+	m := f.machine()
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	cancel()
+	m.setWalk(ctx)
+	if found, complete := m.walkBelow("/srv/library"); complete || found != "" {
+		t.Errorf("a look the process ended is unfinished, so the share is refused rather than exported: %q %v", found, complete)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAPassEndedByStoppingWritesAndReloadsNothing(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/library")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	file, status := f.read(ExportFile), f.read(StatusFile)
+
+	// The grant is withdrawn, and the process is stopping as the next pass runs.
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "none"))
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	cancel()
+	f.ran = nil
+	got := m.Pass(ctx, &s)
+	if f.read(ExportFile) != file || f.read(StatusFile) != status || countExportfs(f.ran) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("a pass ended by stopping wrote or reloaded: file %q, ran %v", f.read(ExportFile), f.ran)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(got.Problems, ";"), "nothing was written") {
+		t.Errorf("it says so: %+v", got.Problems)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/machine.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/machine.go
index 857a50ed..fdd948bf 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/machine.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/machine.go
@@ -108,6 +108,21 @@ type Machine struct {
 	// clean is when a look below each real path last found no backup repository (LookKept).
 	clean   map[string]time.Time
 	cleanMu sync.Mutex
+	// walk is the running pass's context, which ends the look below a share when the process stops.
+	walk   context.Context
+	walkMu sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func (m *Machine) setWalk(ctx context.Context) {
+	m.walkMu.Lock()
+	m.walk = ctx
+	m.walkMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (m *Machine) walking() context.Context {
+	m.walkMu.Lock()
+	defer m.walkMu.Unlock()
+	return m.walk
 }
 
 // Here is the machine this process runs on.
@@ -232,11 +247,11 @@ func (m *Machine) Glob(pattern string) []string {
 }
 
 // written are the only paths Write may touch.
-var written = map[string]bool{ExportFile: true, StatusFile: true, WantsFile: true}
+var written = map[string]bool{ExportFile: true, StatusFile: true, WantsFile: true, BackupFile: true}
 
 // Write replaces one of the module's own files, atomically. Every other path is refused: the module owns
-// these three files (the export file and the status, written as root; the wants, written by the tools)
-// and nothing else on the machine.
+// exactly these four files and nothing else on the machine: the export file and the status, written by the
+// root process; the wants and what was learnt about the backup seat, written by the tools from the bus.
 func (m *Machine) Write(path, content string) error {
 	if !written[path] {
 		return fmt.Errorf("the module writes only %s, %s and %s, not %s", ExportFile, StatusFile, WantsFile, path)
@@ -272,8 +287,17 @@ func (m *Machine) Escalated(name string, args ...string) (string, []string) {
 
 // AsRoot runs what only root may do, and names a refusal by how it failed.
 func (m *Machine) AsRoot(name string, args ...string) (Ran, error) {
+	return m.AsRootWithin(context.Background(), name, args...)
+}
+
+// AsRootWithin is AsRoot ended with its context: the process's pass is cancelled by SIGTERM, and Stopped
+// runs within StopTimeout.
+func (m *Machine) AsRootWithin(ctx context.Context, name string, args ...string) (Ran, error) {
 	program, argv := m.Escalated(name, args...)
-	r := m.Run(context.Background(), program, argv...)
+	r := m.Run(ctx, program, argv...)
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil && r.Code != 0 {
+		return r, fmt.Errorf("%s %s did not finish: %v", name, strings.Join(args, " "), err)
+	}
 	if r.Code != 0 {
 		why := r.Err
 		if why == "" {
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/main.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/main.go
index 12315c53..3406d5a8 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/main.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/main.go
@@ -74,12 +74,25 @@ func ShareExports(m *Machine) {
 	}
 	// The SDK reaches the bus once Serve runs.
 	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	m.TakeBackup(machine)
 	put()
-	for range time.Tick(Every) {
-		put()
+	backup := time.Tick(BackupEvery)
+	every := time.Tick(Every)
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-backup:
+			m.TakeBackup(machine)
+		case <-every:
+			put()
+		}
 	}
 }
 
+// askBus calls a seat's verb over the bus as this module, through the runtime.
+func askBus(key string, body any) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+	return stdio.Ask(key, body)
+}
+
 // TakeWants reads every node's `mounts` state from the bus and writes what is asked of this machine to
 // the wants file, for the root process. When the bus does not answer, the last wants stay.
 func (m *Machine) TakeWants(machine string) {
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/manifest_test.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/manifest_test.go
index 548371d3..f9e12319 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/manifest_test.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/manifest_test.go
@@ -162,3 +162,17 @@ func TestTheManifestCarriesGrantsTheRosterTheWantsAndTheRemovalOrder(t *testing.
 		t.Errorf("the process must be declared before its config, so unassignment removes the config first: %v", order)
 	}
 }
+
+// Stopped asks whether the process's own unit is disabled; that unit is the manifest's process name.
+func TestTheProcessUnitIsTheManifestsProcess(t *testing.T) {
+	m, _ := readManifest(t)
+	for _, r := range m.Resources {
+		if r["type"] == "process" && r["id"] == "exports" {
+			if got := r["name"].(string) + ".service"; got != ProcessUnit {
+				t.Errorf("the exports process runs as %s, and Stopped asks about %s", got, ProcessUnit)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	t.Error("the manifest has no exports process")
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/process.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/process.go
index b28b933d..c6c6172e 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/process.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/process.go
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -26,6 +28,9 @@ type Status struct {
 	// Said is what does not match between the grants and the wants: a node wanting a share it is not
 	// granted, a grant nobody wants, a share exported to no node.
 	Said []string `json:"said,omitempty"`
+	// Warnings make the module no less healthy but are said in its health: what it could not learn, and
+	// how old what it relies on is.
+	Warnings []string `json:"warnings,omitempty"`
 	// Reloaded is when the process last had the kernel read the export files again, and why.
 	Reloaded    *time.Time `json:"reloaded,omitempty"`
 	ReloadWhy   string     `json:"reload_why,omitempty"`
@@ -53,7 +58,17 @@ func (m *Machine) Pass(ctx context.Context, last *Status) Status {
 	if note != "" {
 		s.Said = append(s.Said, note)
 	}
+	if _, note := m.Backup(); note != "" {
+		s.Warnings = append(s.Warnings, note)
+	}
+	m.setWalk(ctx)
 	exports, refused, said := m.Judge(c, roster, wants)
+	m.setWalk(nil)
+	if ctx.Err() != nil {
+		// Stopping: write nothing and reload nothing, so Stopped starts at once.
+		s.Problems = append(s.Problems, "the pass was ended by the process stopping; nothing was written")
+		return s
+	}
 	s.Refused = refused
 	s.Said = append(s.Said, said...)
 
@@ -68,6 +83,14 @@ func (m *Machine) Pass(ctx context.Context, last *Status) Status {
 		}
 	}
 	live, note := m.Live()
+	foreign, _, _ := m.Foreign()
+	mine := ParseExports(want, ExportFile)
+	if reload == "" && last == nil {
+		reload = "the process started, and the kernel's table is made to match the file"
+	}
+	if reload == "" && last != nil && last.ReloadError != "" {
+		reload = "the last reload failed: " + last.ReloadError
+	}
 	if reload == "" {
 		for _, e := range exports {
 			if !SharedLive(live, e) {
@@ -76,8 +99,13 @@ func (m *Machine) Pass(ctx context.Context, last *Status) Status {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	if reload == "" {
+		if stray := Stray(live, mine, foreign, c.Range); len(stray) > 0 {
+			reload = fmt.Sprintf("the kernel exports %s to %s, which the export file no longer carries", stray[0].Path, stray[0].Client)
+		}
+	}
 	if reload != "" {
-		if _, err := m.AsRoot("exportfs", "-ra"); err != nil {
+		if _, err := m.AsRootWithin(ctx, "exportfs", "-ra"); err != nil {
 			s.ReloadError = err.Error()
 		} else {
 			at := m.Now().UTC()
@@ -88,6 +116,10 @@ func (m *Machine) Pass(ctx context.Context, last *Status) Status {
 	if note != "" && len(exports) > 0 {
 		s.Problems = append(s.Problems, note)
 	}
+	for _, e := range Stray(live, mine, foreign, c.Range) {
+		s.Problems = append(s.Problems, fmt.Sprintf("the kernel still exports %s to %s, which the module's export file "+
+			"no longer carries: a reload has to take it away (exportfs -ra as root)", e.Path, e.Client))
+	}
 	for i := range exports {
 		exports[i].Live = SharedLive(live, exports[i])
 	}
@@ -99,6 +131,13 @@ func (m *Machine) Pass(ctx context.Context, last *Status) Status {
 	return s
 }
 
+// ProcessUnit is the service the node-engine runs this process as: the manifest's process name, `.service`.
+const ProcessUnit = "nfs-server-exports.service"
+
+// StopTimeout bounds Stopped and the commands it runs: well under the service manager's stop timeout (90 s,
+// then SIGKILL), so the export file is gone before the process could be killed (mesh-host #62).
+var StopTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+
 // RunExports is the process: a pass now and every Every until the context ends, then Stopped.
 func (m *Machine) RunExports(ctx context.Context) error {
 	last := m.Pass(ctx, nil)
@@ -172,20 +211,80 @@ func SharedLive(live []Entry, e Exported) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-// Stopped is the process ending. When the module was unassigned — the node-engine removes the module's
-// files in reverse declaration order, so the config file, declared after this process, is already gone
-// when the process is stopped (mesh-host internal/apply: orphans removed in reverse order) — the
-// module's export file goes and the kernel lets the shares go. A plain restart, a push or the machine
-// shutting down leaves the config file, and the exports stay.
+// Stopped is the process ending. When the module was unassigned (see unassigned) the module's export file
+// goes and the kernel lets the shares go. A plain restart, a push or the machine shutting down leaves the
+// config file and the unit enabled, and the exports stay.
 func (m *Machine) Stopped() {
-	if _, err := m.Read(ConfigFile); err == nil || !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), StopTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+	if !m.unassigned(ctx) {
 		return
 	}
+	// The file first: removing it needs no command, so a hanging sudo or exportfs cannot keep it.
 	if err := m.unexport(); err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server:", err)
+		loud("the module was unassigned and its export file is still there: " + err.Error() +
+			"; remove " + ExportFile + " and run exportfs -ra as root")
 		return
 	}
-	if _, err := m.AsRoot("exportfs", "-ra"); err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: the export file is gone, and exportfs -ra failed:", err)
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: unassigned: the export file "+ExportFile+" is removed")
+	if _, err := m.AsRootWithin(ctx, "exportfs", "-ra"); err != nil {
+		loud("the module was unassigned and its export file is removed, but the kernel may still export its " +
+			"shares until exportfs -ra runs as root: " + err.Error())
+		return
 	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: unassigned: the kernel let the shares go (exportfs -ra)")
+}
+
+// unassigned says whether this stop is the module being taken away: its config file is gone (the node-engine
+// removes resources in reverse of their record, and the config is recorded after this process), or this
+// process's own unit is disabled. The node-engine stops a process it removes with `systemctl disable
+// --now`, which disables the unit before it stops it, while a restart, a push or a shutdown leaves it
+// enabled — so the second sign holds even when a failed first apply recorded the process after its config
+// (mesh-host #62) and the config is still there.
+func (m *Machine) unassigned(ctx context.Context) bool {
+	if _, err := m.Read(ConfigFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return true
+	}
+	r := m.Run(ctx, "systemctl", "is-enabled", ProcessUnit)
+	return strings.TrimSpace(r.Out) == "disabled"
+}
+
+// loud says, on the process's log where the service manager's journal keeps it, what an unassignment left
+// undone, so a person finds it rather than an export that outlived its module.
+func loud(what string) {
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "nfs-server: UNASSIGNED, NOT CLEAN: "+what)
+}
+
+// Stray is what the kernel exports that is the module's and that its file no longer carries: an entry to a
+// client inside the private network's range — the only clients the module ever exports to — that neither
+// the module's file nor any other export file (/etc/exports, ZFS's own) has. What another file exports is
+// not the module's, whatever its client.
+func Stray(live, mine, foreign []Entry, rng string) []Entry {
+	prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(rng)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	has := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, e := range append(append([]Entry{}, mine...), foreign...) {
+		has[path.Clean(e.Path)+" "+e.Client] = true
+	}
+	var out []Entry
+	for _, e := range live {
+		if has[path.Clean(e.Path)+" "+e.Client] || !insideRange(e.Client, prefix) {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, e)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// insideRange says whether a client — one address, or a network — lies wholly inside a range.
+func insideRange(client string, prefix netip.Prefix) bool {
+	if a, err := netip.ParseAddr(client); err == nil {
+		return prefix.Contains(a)
+	}
+	if p, err := netip.ParsePrefix(client); err == nil {
+		return p.Bits() >= prefix.Bits() && prefix.Contains(p.Addr())
+	}
+	return false
 }
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/reconcile_test.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/reconcile_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6be1ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/reconcile_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func countExportfs(ran []string) int {
+	n := 0
+	for _, r := range ran {
+		if strings.Contains(r, "exportfs -ra") {
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// The review of #142: pass 1 exports /srv/pool; pass 2 no longer exports it and exportfs fails; pass 3 ran nothing,
+// and the kernel still exported the refused folder while the module said it was healthy. A failed reload
+// is tried again on the next pass, and while the kernel exports anything of the module's that the file no
+// longer carries, the module is unhealthy and says what.
+func TestARefusalWhoseReloadFailedIsReloadedAgainAndIsUnhealthyUntilItIs(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/pool")
+	f.dir("/srv/pool")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("pool=/srv/pool", "pool=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "pool", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if !strings.Contains(f.read(Etab), "/srv/pool") {
+		t.Fatalf("pass 1 did not export the pool: %+v", s)
+	}
+
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("pool=/srv/pool", "none")) // pass 2: the grant is taken away
+	f.onExportfs = nil
+	f.answers["exportfs -ra"] = Ran{Code: 1, Err: "exportfs: stuck"}
+	f.answers["sudo -n exportfs -ra"] = Ran{Code: 1, Err: "exportfs: stuck"}
+	s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if s.ReloadError == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("pass 2's reload did not fail as arranged: %+v", s)
+	}
+
+	f.ran = nil
+	s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if countExportfs(f.ran) == 0 {
+		t.Errorf("pass 3 did not try the failed reload again: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+	h := m.Health()
+	if h.Healthy || !strings.Contains(h.Why, "/srv/pool") {
+		t.Errorf("the kernel still exports the refused /srv/pool and the module says: %+v", h)
+	}
+
+	delete(f.answers, "exportfs -ra")
+	delete(f.answers, "sudo -n exportfs -ra")
+	f.kernelReads()
+	s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(Etab), "/srv/pool") {
+		t.Errorf("a reload that works again did not let the refused pool go: %q", f.read(Etab))
+	}
+	for _, p := range s.Problems {
+		if strings.Contains(p, "/srv/pool") {
+			t.Errorf("a problem stays after the kernel let the pool go: %q", p)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// A grant taken away while the kernel still holds it — exported before the process started, or a reload
+// that never happened — is reconciled: the first pass always reloads, a later pass reloads when the kernel
+// exports one of the module's folders to a client the file no longer has, and the module is unhealthy
+// while it cannot.
+func TestAWithdrawnGrantIsTakenFromTheKernel(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/library")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3", "laptop 10.0.0.4")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}, "laptop": {{Share: "library", Access: "ro"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	s := m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	// The file and the kernel agree on ws only; the laptop's old export is left in the kernel's table, as
+	// a grant withdrawn while the process was down would be.
+	f.file(Etab, f.read(Etab)+"/srv/library\t10.0.0.4(ro,sync)\n")
+
+	f.ran = nil
+	m2 := f.machine() // a restarted process: its first pass
+	m2.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	if countExportfs(f.ran) == 0 {
+		t.Errorf("the first pass of a process did not reload: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(Etab), "10.0.0.4") {
+		t.Errorf("the withdrawn grant stays in the kernel after the first pass: %q", f.read(Etab))
+	}
+
+	f.file(Etab, f.read(Etab)+"/srv/library\t10.0.0.4(ro,sync)\n")
+	f.ran = nil
+	s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if countExportfs(f.ran) == 0 {
+		t.Errorf("a later pass did not reload while the kernel exported a folder of the module's to a client the file no longer has: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(Etab), "10.0.0.4") {
+		t.Errorf("the withdrawn grant stays in the kernel: %q", f.read(Etab))
+	}
+
+	// A client the module never exported to — the home network's range, from ZFS's own file — is not
+	// the module's, and makes no reload and no finding.
+	f.file("/etc/exports.d/zfs.exports", "/srv/library 192.0.2.0/24(rw)\n")
+	f.file(Etab, f.read(Etab)+"/srv/library\t192.0.2.0/24(rw)\n")
+	f.ran = nil
+	s = m.Pass(context.Background(), &s)
+	if n := countExportfs(f.ran); n != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("an export that is not the module's made a reload: %v", f.ran)
+	}
+	if h := m.Health(); !h.Healthy {
+		t.Errorf("an export that is not the module's made it unhealthy: %+v", h)
+	}
+}
+
+// The review of #142: SIGTERM in the middle of a pass on a plain restart (the config is still there) ends
+// the pass, and the exports stay: the export file is unchanged and the kernel's table keeps the share.
+func TestSIGTERMDuringAPassOnARestartLeavesTheExports(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/library")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+	file, table := f.read(ExportFile), f.read(Etab)
+	if !strings.Contains(table, "/srv/library") {
+		t.Fatalf("the library was not exported: %q", table)
+	}
+
+	inner := m.Run
+	hung := make(chan struct{}, 8)
+	m.Run = func(ctx context.Context, name string, args ...string) Ran {
+		if strings.Contains(strings.Join(append([]string{name}, args...), " "), "exportfs") {
+			hung <- struct{}{}
+			<-ctx.Done()
+			return Ran{Code: -1, Err: ctx.Err().Error()}
+		}
+		return inner(ctx, name, args...)
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() { done <- m.RunExports(ctx) }() // its first pass reloads, and hangs there
+	select {
+	case <-hung:
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("the pass never reached exportfs")
+	}
+	cancel()
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(3 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("the process did not stop after SIGTERM")
+	}
+	if got := f.read(ExportFile); got != file {
+		t.Errorf("a restart changed the export file:\nwas %q\nnow %q", file, got)
+	}
+	if got := f.read(Etab); got != table {
+		t.Errorf("a restart changed what the kernel exports:\nwas %q\nnow %q", table, got)
+	}
+}
+
+// mesh-host #62's caveat: when the process's first apply failed, it can be recorded after its config, and
+// unassignment then stops it with the config still there. The node-engine disables a process's unit before
+// it stops it (`systemctl disable --now`), and a restart or a shutdown leaves it enabled, so a process
+// whose own unit is disabled when it is stopped is being taken away, whatever the config says.
+func TestAProcessWhoseUnitIsDisabledAtStopCleansUpWithTheConfigStillThere(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/", "/srv/library")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	f.kernelReads()
+	m := f.machine()
+	m.Pass(context.Background(), nil)
+
+	f.answers["systemctl is-enabled "+ProcessUnit] = Ran{Out: "enabled\n"}
+	m.Stopped()
+	if !strings.Contains(f.read(ExportFile), "/srv/library") {
+		t.Fatalf("a stop with the unit enabled (a restart) removed the exports")
+	}
+
+	f.answers["systemctl is-enabled "+ProcessUnit] = Ran{Code: 1, Out: "disabled\n"}
+	m.Stopped()
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(ExportFile), "/srv/library") {
+		t.Errorf("a stop with the unit disabled (unassigned, config still there) left the export file")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(f.read(Etab), "/srv/library") {
+		t.Errorf("the kernel still exports the library after an unassignment with the config in place: %q", f.read(Etab))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/review_test.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/review_test.go
index c0893d11..86128e7a 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/review_test.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/review_test.go
@@ -379,3 +379,56 @@ func TestTheLookBelowIsKeptForAWhileAndThenTakenAgain(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("a repository put there later was not found once the kept look expired: %+v", s.Refused)
 	}
 }
+
+// mesh-host #62 found that a stop the service manager ends with SIGKILL after 90 s leaves the export file
+// behind. A pass that hangs in a command (sudo, exportfs: 20 s each) must not hold the cleanup: SIGTERM
+// cancels the running pass, and Stopped has its own short bound, so the file is gone well inside the stop
+// timeout even when every command hangs.
+func TestAHangingCommandStillLetsStoppedRemoveTheFileInTime(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newFake(t)
+	f.mountinfo("/")
+	f.dir("/srv/library")
+	f.file(ConfigFile, grantsConfig("library=/srv/library", "library=ws:rw"))
+	f.roster("ws 10.0.0.3")
+	f.wants(map[string][]Want{"ws": {{Share: "library", Access: "rw"}}})
+	m := f.machine()
+	inner := m.Run
+	hung := make(chan struct{}, 8)
+	m.Run = func(ctx context.Context, name string, args ...string) Ran {
+		line := strings.Join(append([]string{name}, args...), " ")
+		if strings.Contains(line, "exportfs") {
+			hung <- struct{}{}
+			<-ctx.Done() // hangs until its context ends, as a stuck sudo or exportfs would
+			return Ran{Code: -1, Err: ctx.Err().Error()}
+		}
+		return inner(ctx, name, args...)
+	}
+	saved := StopTimeout
+	StopTimeout = 300 * time.Millisecond
+	defer func() { StopTimeout = saved }()
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() { done <- m.RunExports(ctx) }()
+	select {
+	case <-hung: // the first pass is stuck in exportfs
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("the first pass never reached exportfs")
+	}
+	if err := os.Remove(filepath.Join(f.root, ConfigFile)); err != nil { // unassigned: config removed first
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	start := time.Now()
+	cancel() // SIGTERM
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(3 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("the process did not stop within 3 s of SIGTERM while a command hung")
+	}
+	if took := time.Since(start); took > 2*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("stopping took %s with a hanging command; the bound is StopTimeout (%s)", took, StopTimeout)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(f.root, ExportFile)); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("the export file stays after an unassignment whose commands hung")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/shares.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/shares.go
index eb656442..073ee0cb 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/shares.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/shares.go
@@ -281,9 +281,13 @@ func (m *Machine) walkBelow(dir string) (found string, complete bool) {
 	}
 	seen := 0
 	level := []string{dir}
+	walk := m.walking()
 	for depth := 1; depth <= WalkDepth && len(level) > 0; depth++ {
 		var next []string
 		for _, d := range level {
+			if walk != nil && walk.Err() != nil {
+				return "", false // ended by the process stopping: unfinished, so refused
+			}
 			for _, child := range m.Children(d) {
 				seen++
 				if seen > limit {
@@ -338,6 +342,8 @@ func (m *Machine) Judge(c Config, roster map[string]string, wants map[string][]W
 		prefix, _ = netip.ParsePrefix(c.Range)
 	}
 	points := m.MountPoints()
+	backup, _ := m.Backup() // judged on every pass, never kept: see backup.go
+	backup.Paths = m.realPaths(backup.Paths)
 	shares := map[string]bool{}
 	for _, s := range c.Shares {
 		shares[s.Name] = true
@@ -383,6 +389,10 @@ func (m *Machine) Judge(c Config, roster map[string]string, wants map[string][]W
 			no(fmt.Sprintf("The share %s's folder %s%s is owned by root (%d:%d), and every client would act as root there: give it an owner of its own.", s.Name, real, via, o.UID, o.GID))
 			continue
 		}
+		if p, how := nearBackup(real, backup); p != "" {
+			no(fmt.Sprintf("The share %s's folder %s%s %s %s, where this machine's backup seat (%s) keeps its data, and backups are never exported.", s.Name, real, via, how, p, backup.Holder))
+			continue
+		}
 		if m.IsBackupRepository(real) {
 			no(fmt.Sprintf("The share %s's folder %s%s is a backup repository, and backups are never exported.", s.Name, real, via))
 			continue
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/tools.go b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/tools.go
index 114fce40..596bc2f8 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/tools.go
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/cmd/nfs-server/tools.go
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ func (m *Machine) Exports() ExportsAnswer {
 			a.Shares = append(a.Shares, e)
 		}
 		a.Notes = append(a.Notes, st.Problems...)
+		a.Notes = append(a.Notes, st.Warnings...)
 		a.Unmatched = st.Said
 	}
 	entries, sets, notes := m.Foreign()
@@ -437,8 +438,12 @@ func (m *Machine) Health() Health {
 		}
 	}
 	sort.Strings(found)
+	warned := ""
+	for _, w := range st.Warnings {
+		warned += " Warning: " + sentence(w)
+	}
 	if len(found) > 0 {
-		return Health{Healthy: false, Why: strings.Join(found, " "), Found: found}
+		return Health{Healthy: false, Why: strings.Join(found, " ") + warned, Found: found}
 	}
 	var parts []string
 	for _, e := range st.Shares {
@@ -447,9 +452,9 @@ func (m *Machine) Health() Health {
 		}
 	}
 	if len(parts) == 0 {
-		return Health{Healthy: true, Why: "The NFS server is active, and the mesh exports nothing to any node here."}
+		return Health{Healthy: true, Why: "The NFS server is active, and the mesh exports nothing to any node here." + warned}
 	}
-	return Health{Healthy: true, Why: fmt.Sprintf("The NFS server is active and exports %s.", strings.Join(parts, "; "))}
+	return Health{Healthy: true, Why: fmt.Sprintf("The NFS server is active and exports %s.", strings.Join(parts, "; ")) + warned}
 }
 
 func sentence(s string) string {
diff --git a/modules/nfs-server/module.json b/modules/nfs-server/module.json
index f36e133c..d67cddde 100644
--- a/modules/nfs-server/module.json
+++ b/modules/nfs-server/module.json
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@
   "reads": [
     "mounts.shares"
   ],
+  "invokes": [
+    "seat:mesh-controller.seats",
+    "seat:mesh-controller.data"
+  ],
   "settings": {
     "grants": {
       "kind": "preference",