diff --git a/modules/anthropic-manager/Dockerfile b/modules/anthropic-manager/Dockerfile
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f96fd0..0000000
--- a/modules/anthropic-manager/Dockerfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-# anthropic-manager's runtime: the tool runtime, carrying this module's compiled code.
-#
-# **Built from this module's own directory and nothing else.** The sdk and the tool runtime are in
-# the base images, published like any other artifact — which is what makes this buildable by the
-# mesh from a repository and a path (novox/hq ADR 0069) rather than only on a workstation that
-# happens to have the siblings.
-#
-# Two bases, named rather than pinned (novox/hq issue 044): the image this is COMPILED in and the
-# image it RUNS in — the second must not carry a compiler. Declared in module.json's `build.on`.
-ARG BUILD_BASE
-ARG RUNTIME_BASE
-
-FROM ${BUILD_BASE} AS build
-WORKDIR /app/modules/anthropic-manager
-COPY . .
-# This module's own third-party dependencies, installed beside its compiled code so Node
-# resolves them from the module and falls back to the shared tree for everything common.
-RUN npm install --omit=dev --no-save --no-package-lock --ignore-scripts "tweetnacl@^1.0.3" "tweetnacl-sealedbox-js@^1.2.0"
-RUN node /app/node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc client.ts adopt/index.ts refresh/index.ts \
-      --module NodeNext --moduleResolution NodeNext --target ES2022 --outDir dist
-
-FROM ${RUNTIME_BASE}
-COPY --from=build /app/modules/anthropic-manager/dist /app/modules/anthropic-manager/dist
-COPY --from=build /app/modules/anthropic-manager/node_modules /app/modules/anthropic-manager/node_modules
-# No serve-time entrypoints: every container of this module names its command (`run` on a
-# schedule), so nothing here serves — deliberately no MESH_TOOL_MODULES.
diff --git a/modules/anthropic-manager/module.json b/modules/anthropic-manager/module.json
index dc50d7f..b0f9d55 100644
--- a/modules/anthropic-manager/module.json
+++ b/modules/anthropic-manager/module.json
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
       "id": "refresh",
       "type": "container",
       "name": "mesh-anthropic-manager-refresh",
+      "image": "mesh-runtime-anthropic-manager@sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
       "network": "host",
       "schedule": "*/5 * * * *",
       "args": [
@@ -56,29 +57,7 @@
         "MESH_ANTHROPIC_GRANT_OUT": "/run/state/out/grant.json",
         "MESH_ANTHROPIC_USAGE_OUT": "/run/state/out/usage.json",
         "MESH_TOOLS_MAIN": "/app/dist/main.js"
-      },
-      "artifact": "runtime"
+      }
     }
-  ],
-  "build": {
-    "on": [
-      {
-        "arg": "BUILD_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "build"
-      },
-      {
-        "arg": "RUNTIME_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "runtime"
-      }
-    ],
-    "artifacts": [
-      {
-        "name": "runtime",
-        "kind": "image",
-        "from": "Dockerfile"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
+  ]
 }
diff --git a/modules/model-usage/Dockerfile b/modules/model-usage/Dockerfile
deleted file mode 100644
index b6da6be..0000000
--- a/modules/model-usage/Dockerfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# model-usage's runtime: the tool runtime, carrying this module's compiled code.
-#
-# **Built from this module's own directory and nothing else.** The sdk and the tool runtime are in
-# the base images, published like any other artifact — which is what makes this buildable by the
-# mesh from a repository and a path (novox/hq ADR 0069) rather than only on a workstation that
-# happens to have the siblings.
-#
-# Two bases, named rather than pinned (novox/hq issue 044): the image this is COMPILED in and the
-# image it RUNS in — the second must not carry a compiler. Declared in module.json's `build.on`.
-ARG BUILD_BASE
-ARG RUNTIME_BASE
-
-FROM ${BUILD_BASE} AS build
-WORKDIR /app/modules/model-usage
-COPY . .
-# This module's own third-party dependencies, installed beside its compiled code so Node
-# resolves them from the module and falls back to the shared tree for everything common.
-RUN npm install --omit=dev --no-save --no-package-lock --ignore-scripts "pg@^8"
-RUN node /app/node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc index.ts tools/index.ts pg.d.ts \
-      --module NodeNext --moduleResolution NodeNext --target ES2022 --outDir dist
-
-FROM ${RUNTIME_BASE}
-COPY --from=build /app/modules/model-usage/dist /app/modules/model-usage/dist
-COPY --from=build /app/modules/model-usage/node_modules /app/modules/model-usage/node_modules
-# Every serve-time entrypoint, loaded by the runtime in serve mode: tools and events serve, and a
-# provider's provisioner runs its reconcile loop in the same process, with the broker connected —
-# the convention novox/hq issues 060/061 settled.
-ENV MESH_TOOL_MODULES=/app/modules/model-usage/dist/index.js,/app/modules/model-usage/dist/tools/index.js
diff --git a/modules/model-usage/module.json b/modules/model-usage/module.json
index 75d9553..d9cdba6 100644
--- a/modules/model-usage/module.json
+++ b/modules/model-usage/module.json
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
       "id": "runtime",
       "type": "container",
       "name": "mesh-model-usage",
+      "image": "mesh-runtime-model-usage@sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
       "network": "host",
       "volumes": [
         "/var/lib/mesh/model-usage/broker:/run/secrets/broker:ro",
@@ -59,29 +60,7 @@
       },
       "env-file": [
         "/var/lib/model-usage/db.env"
-      ],
-      "artifact": "runtime"
+      ]
     }
-  ],
-  "build": {
-    "on": [
-      {
-        "arg": "BUILD_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "build"
-      },
-      {
-        "arg": "RUNTIME_BASE",
-        "module": "mesh-tools",
-        "artifact": "runtime"
-      }
-    ],
-    "artifacts": [
-      {
-        "name": "runtime",
-        "kind": "image",
-        "from": "Dockerfile"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
+  ]
 }