Say loudly when a condition that needs the operator could not be asked on any channel (hq ADR 0259)

With no router, or an ask the router refused and nothing changed since, the controller asked nothing
and said it only in its own log. It now keeps a condition of its own, asks-undelivered, naming the
conditions not asked and why, cleared once each can be asked again.

cmd/mesh-controller/asker.go

@@ -0,0 +1,650 @@
+package main
+
+// The controller asks, and acts on the operator's warrant (novox/hq ADR 0259 §6). It holds no channel, no
+// identity and no factor: it asks the router like any other module, and performs the answer chosen with its
+// own grant.
+//
+//   - **For every open, unsilenced condition that needs the operator and names its answers**, one ask is
+//     published on the `operator-channel` seat under the controller's own name: the condition's words, its
+//     actions as options at their levels (Silence acknowledges; Release, Stop, Start and Restart approve),
+//     answered by the operator, expiring after a day (a week when every option only acknowledges). A
+//     condition that clears, is silenced, or changes its answers has its ask cancelled; an ask that expired
+//     unanswered is asked again while the condition lasts. Each ask is kept in the controller's bucket
+//     `asked`, so a restart neither asks twice nor forgets.
+//   - **On a warrant**, heard on the seat's event under the controller's own name (which only the router may
+//     say), the controller acts once per ask: only for an ask it holds, only for the option it offered at
+//     that option's level, and only while the condition is still open. It performs the action as itself —
+//     a silence through its own conditions, any other through the verb the action names — with the warrant's
+//     words as its why, and records it in the hand-act log as the operator's decision, naming the channel,
+//     the ask and the proofs. An ask that ended without a choice is recorded and nothing is done.
+//   - **A warrant it missed** while away is read from the router's record of its asks, under its own name.
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/broker"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/link"
+)
+
+// The asker's name on the seat: the controller's module.
+const askerName = broker.ControllerSeat
+
+// How long an ask lasts: a day when an answer approves, a week when every answer only acknowledges.
+const (
+	// askApproveFor is a day less a margin, so an ask is never refused at the router for lasting a day and
+	// a moment (the SDK's bound is a day).
+	askApproveFor     = 24*time.Hour - 10*time.Minute
+	askAcknowledgeFor = 7 * 24 * time.Hour
+	// askEvery is how often what is open is asked about again, beside every change.
+	askEvery = time.Minute
+	// askCatchUpAfter is how old an open ask is before the router's record of it is read: a warrant heard
+	// on the event needs no reading.
+	askCatchUpAfter = 2 * time.Minute
+	// askAgainAfterAnswer is how long a condition the operator answered is not asked about again with the
+	// same answers: what was chosen takes a while to clear it, and asking again at once would ask twice.
+	askAgainAfterAnswer = time.Hour
+	// askMostOpen is how many asks the controller holds open at once (the router refuses a fourth): the
+	// most urgent conditions first, then the oldest.
+	askMostOpen = asks.MostOpen
+)
+
+// What became of an ask, as the controller keeps it.
+const (
+	askOpen      = "open"
+	askCancelled = "cancelled"
+)
+
+// asked is one ask the controller made, as it keeps it.
+type asked struct {
+	ID        string `json:"id"`
+	Condition string `json:"condition"`
+	// Channels is what the channels were when it was asked (asker.channels): an ask the router refused is not
+	// asked again until the condition's answers or the channels change.
+	Channels string              `json:"channels,omitempty"`
+	Ask      asks.Ask            `json:"ask"`
+	Actions  []conditions.Action `json:"actions"`
+	// Options are the actions by option id.
+	Options map[string]int `json:"options"`
+	State   string         `json:"state"`
+	Opened  time.Time      `json:"opened"`
+	Ended   time.Time      `json:"ended,omitempty"`
+	Warrant *asks.Warrant  `json:"warrant,omitempty"`
+	// Acted is what the controller did on the warrant: empty before it did anything, "acting" while it acts,
+	// then "done", "failed: …" or "nothing: …". Anything but empty is never acted on again.
+	Acted string `json:"acted,omitempty"`
+	// Drill is an ask started at the controller's terminal (drill.go): about no condition, its answers
+	// perform nothing, and the reconciling of conditions leaves it alone.
+	Drill bool `json:"drill,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// askedStore keeps the asks (broker.AskedBucket).
+type askedStore interface {
+	Get(ctx context.Context, id string) (*asked, error)
+	Put(ctx context.Context, a asked) error
+	All(ctx context.Context) ([]asked, error)
+	// Claim marks an open ask acting, by compare-and-set, and says whether this write stood: of two
+	// deliveries of one warrant, or two controllers, only the one whose write stands acts.
+	Claim(ctx context.Context, id string, w asks.Warrant) (bool, error)
+}
+
+// asker is the controller asking the operator and acting on the answer.
+type asker struct {
+	open    func(ctx context.Context) ([]conditions.Condition, error)
+	silence func(ctx context.Context, key string, d time.Duration, by, why string) error
+	store   askedStore
+	// publish puts a message on a subject's stream, de-duplicated by id.
+	publish func(ctx context.Context, subject string, body []byte, id string) error
+	// call performs an action's verb with its arguments, as the controller.
+	call func(ctx context.Context, a conditions.Action, args map[string]string) error
+	// record writes the hand-act log.
+	record func(ctx context.Context, act link.HandAct) error
+	// routerRecord reads the router's record of an ask for a warrant missed; nil reads nothing.
+	routerRecord func(ctx context.Context, id string) (*asks.Warrant, error)
+	// routerHere says whether a router holds the seat and takes asks under the asker's name; nil is yes.
+	routerHere func(ctx context.Context) (bool, error)
+	// channels is what the channels are now, as a fingerprint: who holds which kind, promising what.
+	channels func(ctx context.Context) string
+	// raise keeps the asker's own condition (sourceAsker): which conditions needing the operator could not be
+	// asked, and why. Nil raises nothing (a test that does not look).
+	raise func(ctx context.Context, obs []conditions.Observation) error
+	now   func() time.Time
+	logf  func(string, ...any)
+
+	saidNoRouter bool
+
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	nudged chan struct{}
+}
+
+func (a *asker) nudge() {
+	if a == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	if a.nudged == nil {
+		a.nudged = make(chan struct{}, 1)
+	}
+	ch := a.nudged
+	a.mu.Unlock()
+	select {
+	case ch <- struct{}{}:
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
+// keep asks until ctx ends: now, on every change of a condition, and every askEvery.
+func (a *asker) keep(ctx context.Context) {
+	a.nudge()
+	tick := time.NewTicker(askEvery)
+	defer tick.Stop()
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	nudged := a.nudged
+	a.mu.Unlock()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-tick.C:
+		case <-nudged:
+		}
+		if err := a.reconcile(ctx); err != nil {
+			a.logf("what the operator is asked could not be brought up to date: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// wants says whether a condition is one to ask about now.
+func wants(c conditions.Condition, now time.Time) bool {
+	return len(c.Actions) > 0 && c.Needs != "" && !c.SilencedAt(now)
+}
+
+func sameAsked(a []conditions.Action, b []conditions.Action) bool {
+	x, _ := json.Marshal(a)
+	y, _ := json.Marshal(b)
+	return string(x) == string(y)
+}
+
+// reconcile brings what is asked in line with what is open.
+func (a *asker) reconcile(ctx context.Context) error {
+	now := a.now()
+	if a.routerHere != nil {
+		here, err := a.routerHere(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !here {
+			if !a.saidNoRouter {
+				a.logf("no router takes asks under the controller's name (a module declaring %s with its ask "+
+					"named by its caller, assigned): the operator is asked nothing until one is", broker.AsksSeat)
+				a.saidNoRouter = true
+			}
+			open, err := a.open(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			var unasked []conditions.Condition
+			for _, c := range open {
+				if wants(c, now) {
+					unasked = append(unasked, c)
+				}
+			}
+			return a.sayUnasked(ctx, unasked, "no router takes the controller's asks: no module holding "+
+				broker.AsksSeat+" that takes an ask under its asker's name is assigned")
+		}
+		a.saidNoRouter = false
+	}
+	channels := ""
+	if a.channels != nil {
+		channels = a.channels(ctx)
+	}
+	open, err := a.open(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	all, err := a.store.All(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	byCondition := map[string]asked{}
+	for _, r := range all {
+		if r.State == askOpen && !r.Drill {
+			if prior, held := byCondition[r.Condition]; !held || r.Opened.After(prior.Opened) {
+				byCondition[r.Condition] = r
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// A warrant missed while away, read from the router's record.
+	if a.routerRecord != nil {
+		for _, r := range byCondition {
+			if now.Sub(r.Opened) < askCatchUpAfter {
+				continue
+			}
+			if w, err := a.routerRecord(ctx, r.ID); err == nil && w != nil {
+				body, _ := json.Marshal(w)
+				if err := a.Decided(ctx, body); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if all, err = a.store.All(ctx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		byCondition = map[string]asked{}
+		for _, r := range all {
+			if r.State == askOpen && !r.Drill {
+				byCondition[r.Condition] = r
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// What the operator answered lately, by condition: not asked again at once; and what the router refused,
+	// newest first: not asked again until the answers or the channels change.
+	answered, refused := map[string]asked{}, map[string]asked{}
+	for _, r := range all {
+		if r.State == string(asks.OutcomeChosen) && now.Sub(r.Ended) < askAgainAfterAnswer {
+			answered[r.Condition] = r
+		}
+		if r.State == string(asks.OutcomeRefused) {
+			if prior, has := refused[r.Condition]; !has || r.Opened.After(prior.Opened) {
+				refused[r.Condition] = r
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	wanted := map[string]bool{}
+	var unasked []conditions.Condition // refused by the router, and nothing it was refused for changed
+	var refusedWords []string
+	// The most urgent first, then the oldest: those are asked when no more than askMostOpen may be.
+	sort.SliceStable(open, func(i, j int) bool {
+		ui, uj := open[i].Severity == conditions.Urgent, open[j].Severity == conditions.Urgent
+		if ui != uj {
+			return ui
+		}
+		if !open[i].Raised.Equal(open[j].Raised) {
+			return open[i].Raised.Before(open[j].Raised)
+		}
+		return open[i].Key < open[j].Key
+	})
+	openNow := 0
+	for _, c := range open {
+		if r, held := byCondition[c.Key]; held && wants(c, now) && sameAsked(r.Actions, c.Actions) && now.Before(r.Ask.Expires) {
+			openNow++
+		}
+	}
+	for _, c := range open {
+		if !wants(c, now) {
+			continue
+		}
+		wanted[c.Key] = true
+		if r, was := refused[c.Key]; was && sameAsked(r.Actions, c.Actions) && r.Channels == channels {
+			if _, held := byCondition[c.Key]; !held {
+				unasked = append(unasked, c)
+				if r.Warrant != nil && r.Warrant.Words != "" {
+					refusedWords = append(refusedWords, r.Warrant.Words)
+				}
+				continue // refused, and nothing it was refused for has changed
+			}
+		}
+		if r, done := answered[c.Key]; done && sameAsked(r.Actions, c.Actions) {
+			if _, held := byCondition[c.Key]; !held {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		if r, held := byCondition[c.Key]; held {
+			switch {
+			case !sameAsked(r.Actions, c.Actions):
+				if err := a.cancel(ctx, r, "its answers changed"); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			case !now.Before(r.Ask.Expires):
+				// Expired unanswered: the router says so too; asked again below while it lasts.
+				r.State, r.Ended = string(asks.OutcomeExpired), now
+				if err := a.store.Put(ctx, r); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				openNow--
+			default:
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		if openNow >= askMostOpen {
+			continue // asked when one of the open ones ends, most urgent first
+		}
+		if err := a.ask(ctx, c, channels); err != nil {
+			a.logf("the operator could not be asked about %s: %v", c.Key, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		openNow++
+	}
+	for key, r := range byCondition {
+		if !wanted[key] {
+			if err := a.cancel(ctx, r, "the condition ended, was silenced or needs nothing now"); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	why := "the router refused the ask"
+	if len(refusedWords) > 0 {
+		why += ": " + refusedWords[0]
+	}
+	return a.sayUnasked(ctx, unasked, why)
+}
+
+// sourceAsker raises the asker's own condition.
+const sourceAsker = "asker"
+
+// sayUnasked keeps the asker's one condition: while a condition that needs the operator could not be asked
+// on any channel, said loudly (failure must be loud), cleared when every one could be.
+func (a *asker) sayUnasked(ctx context.Context, unasked []conditions.Condition, why string) error {
+	if a.raise == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var obs []conditions.Observation
+	if len(unasked) > 0 {
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(unasked))
+		severity := conditions.Warning
+		for _, c := range unasked {
+			keys = append(keys, c.Key)
+			if c.Severity == conditions.Urgent {
+				severity = conditions.Urgent
+			}
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		obs = append(obs, conditions.Observation{Scope: conditions.ScopeSeat, ID: broker.AsksSeat, Token: "unasked",
+			Kind: "asks-undelivered", Severity: severity, Source: sourceAsker,
+			Summary: fmt.Sprintf("%d condition(s) that need the operator could not be asked on any channel: %s; %s",
+				len(keys), strings.Join(keys, ", "), why),
+			Headline:    "Questions for you not delivered",
+			Explanation: "Needs you: answer them from the mesh MCP server. The mesh could not send you its questions on any channel.",
+			Needs:       "answer them from the mesh MCP server, and check why no channel carries them.",
+			Resolved:    "The mesh can ask you again"})
+	}
+	if err := a.raise(ctx, obs); err != nil {
+		a.logf("whether the operator could be asked could not be kept as a condition: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// optionID is an action's label as an option's id: "Silence for a week" is silence-for-a-week.
+func optionID(label string) string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	dash := false
+	for _, r := range strings.ToLower(label) {
+		switch {
+		case r >= 'a' && r <= 'z', r >= '0' && r <= '9':
+			b.WriteRune(r)
+			dash = false
+		case !dash && b.Len() > 0:
+			b.WriteByte('-')
+			dash = true
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSuffix(b.String(), "-")
+}
+
+// doesWords is what an action does, in the words an option says it with.
+func doesWords(act conditions.Action) string {
+	switch {
+	case act.Arguments["silence"] != "":
+		return "nothing more is said of it for a week"
+	case act.Verb == "mesh-delivery.release":
+		return "the delivery goes on"
+	case act.Verb == "mesh-delivery.stop":
+		return "the delivery ends"
+	case act.Verb == broker.ControllerSeat+".plans" && act.Arguments["go"] != "":
+		return "the delivery starts"
+	case act.Verb == broker.ControllerSeat+".plans" && act.Arguments["stop"] != "":
+		return "the delivery is stopped"
+	case strings.HasSuffix(act.Verb, ".restart"):
+		return "its service is restarted on " + act.Machine
+	}
+	return strings.ToLower(act.Label)
+}
+
+// askText is a condition's words as an ask says them: without where an answer is given when no channel can
+// give it (FromMeshMCPServer), since the ask is answered on a channel and the router says where else.
+func askText(s string) string {
+	for _, with := range []string{", " + FromMeshMCPServer, " " + FromMeshMCPServer} {
+		s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, with, ".")
+	}
+	return strings.ReplaceAll(s, "..", ".")
+}
+
+// askOf is the ask a condition is asked with.
+func askOf(id string, c conditions.Condition, now time.Time) (asks.Ask, map[string]int) {
+	q := asks.Ask{ID: id, Headline: c.Headline, Explanation: askText(c.Explanation), Who: asks.Operator,
+		OnExpiry: "nothing is done, and you are asked again while it lasts", About: c.Key,
+		Urgent: c.Severity == conditions.Urgent}
+	options := map[string]int{}
+	approves := false
+	for i, act := range c.Actions {
+		level := asks.Level(act.Level)
+		if level == "" {
+			level = asks.Approve // an action that says nothing of its level is never taken for less
+		}
+		approves = approves || level != asks.Acknowledge
+		oid := optionID(act.Label)
+		options[oid] = i
+		// Every option binds the exact act it stands for (novox/hq ADR 0259 §6): the verb, the machine and
+		// every argument. The warrant then authorises that act and no other.
+		binds, _ := asks.ActDigest(boundAct(act))
+		q.Options = append(q.Options, asks.Option{ID: oid, Label: act.Label, Does: doesWords(act), Level: level,
+			Binds: binds})
+	}
+	q.Expires = now.Add(askAcknowledgeFor)
+	if approves {
+		q.Expires = now.Add(askApproveFor)
+	}
+	return q, options
+}
+
+// boundAct is what an option's Binds digests: the act exactly as the controller will perform it, with its
+// level, and never its label or words.
+func boundAct(act conditions.Action) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{"verb": act.Verb, "machine": act.Machine, "arguments": act.Arguments, "level": act.Level}
+}
+
+func newAskID() string {
+	var b [8]byte
+	_, _ = rand.Read(b[:])
+	return "c" + hex.EncodeToString(b[:])
+}
+
+// ask publishes one ask about a condition, and keeps it.
+func (a *asker) ask(ctx context.Context, c conditions.Condition, channels string) error {
+	now := a.now()
+	id := newAskID()
+	q, options := askOf(id, c, now)
+	if err := q.Check(now); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(q)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := a.publish(ctx, asks.AskSubject(askerName), body, "ask."+id); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	a.logf("asked the operator about %s (%s): %d answer(s)", c.Key, id, len(q.Options))
+	return a.store.Put(ctx, asked{ID: id, Condition: c.Key, Ask: q, Actions: c.Actions, Options: options,
+		State: askOpen, Opened: now, Channels: channels})
+}
+
+// cancel takes an ask back.
+func (a *asker) cancel(ctx context.Context, r asked, why string) error {
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"id": r.ID})
+	if err := a.publish(ctx, asks.CancelSubject(askerName), body, "cancel."+r.ID); err != nil {
+		a.logf("the ask %s about %s could not be taken back (%v); taken back at the next look", r.ID, r.Condition, err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	a.logf("took back the ask %s about %s: %s", r.ID, r.Condition, why)
+	r.State, r.Ended = askCancelled, a.now()
+	return a.store.Put(ctx, r)
+}
+
+// Decided takes the router's word on one of the controller's asks (link.Decider). An error is returned only
+// when what was decided could not be kept, so the word is held and heard again.
+func (a *asker) Decided(ctx context.Context, body []byte) error {
+	var w asks.Warrant
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &w); err != nil {
+		a.logf("the router's word on an ask could not be read; ignored: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	if w.Asker != askerName {
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for %s's ask %s: the controller acts only on its own", w.Asker, w.Ask)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r, err := a.store.Get(ctx, w.Ask)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if r == nil {
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for the ask %s, which the controller does not hold", w.Ask)
+		return nil
+	}
+	if r.Acted != "" {
+		return nil // heard again: acted on once
+	}
+	now := a.now()
+	if w.Outcome != asks.OutcomeChosen {
+		r.State, r.Ended, r.Warrant = string(w.Outcome), now, &w
+		r.Acted = "nothing: the ask " + string(w.Outcome)
+		if w.Words != "" {
+			r.Acted += ": " + w.Words
+		}
+		a.logf("the ask %s about %s ended %s; nothing is done", r.ID, r.Condition, w.Outcome)
+		return a.store.Put(ctx, *r)
+	}
+	if r.State != askOpen {
+		// Cancelled, replaced or expired in the controller's own record: no answer to it is acted on.
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for the ask %s, which is %s in the controller's own record", r.ID, r.State)
+		return nil
+	}
+	option, err := w.For(askerName, r.Ask)
+	if err != nil {
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for the ask %s: %v", r.ID, err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	index, offered := r.Options[option.ID]
+	if !offered || index >= len(r.Actions) {
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for the ask %s: it chose %s, which no action stands for", r.ID, option.ID)
+		return nil
+	}
+	act := r.Actions[index]
+	// The act about to be performed is the one the option bound when the controller asked: a record changed
+	// since is refused, never performed.
+	if err := option.Performs(boundAct(act)); err != nil {
+		a.logf("REFUSED a warrant for the ask %s: %v", r.ID, err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r.State, r.Warrant = string(asks.OutcomeChosen), &w
+	open, err := a.open(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	stillOpen := r.Drill // a drill is about no condition
+	for _, c := range open {
+		stillOpen = stillOpen || c.Key == r.Condition
+	}
+	if !stillOpen {
+		// The asker checks the state is still what it asked about before it acts (to-be 46 §10, step 7).
+		r.Ended, r.Acted = now, "nothing: the condition ended before the answer"
+		a.logf("%s, for %s, which ended meanwhile: nothing is done", w.Says(), r.Condition)
+		return a.store.Put(ctx, *r)
+	}
+	// Claimed before acting, by compare-and-set: only the delivery whose write stands acts (security review
+	// of 2026-10-08, finding 9).
+	claimed, err := a.store.Claim(ctx, r.ID, w)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !claimed {
+		a.logf("the warrant for the ask %s was already taken by another delivery; nothing more is done", r.ID)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r.Acted = "acting"
+
+	why := fmt.Sprintf("%s (ask %s)", w.Says(), r.ID)
+	args := map[string]string{}
+	for k, v := range act.Arguments {
+		args[k] = v
+	}
+	if v, takes := args["why"]; takes && v == "" {
+		args["why"] = why
+	}
+	var acted error
+	switch {
+	case r.Drill && act.Verb == drillVerb:
+		// A drill's answer performs nothing: it is recorded below as the operator's decision.
+	case act.Arguments["silence"] != "":
+		acted = a.silence(ctx, act.Arguments["silence"], conditions.MaxSilence, byWords(w), why)
+	default:
+		acted = a.call(ctx, act, args)
+	}
+	r.Ended = a.now()
+	r.Acted = "done"
+	if acted != nil {
+		r.Acted = "failed: " + acted.Error()
+	}
+	if err := a.store.Put(ctx, *r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	verbArgs := []string{act.Verb}
+	if act.Machine != "" {
+		verbArgs = append(verbArgs, "on "+act.Machine)
+	}
+	keys := make([]string, 0, len(args))
+	for k := range args {
+		keys = append(keys, k)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(keys)
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		if k != "why" {
+			verbArgs = append(verbArgs, k+"="+args[k])
+		}
+	}
+	if err := a.record(ctx, link.HandAct{Verb: handActWarrant, Args: verbArgs, Why: why, By: byWords(w),
+		Cause: conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer, Condition: r.Condition, Via: viaWords(w), Ask: r.ID,
+		Proofs: w.Proofs, RequestedBy: r.Condition, Outcome: r.Acted}); err != nil {
+		a.logf("%s was done, and could NOT be recorded in the hand-act log: %v", why, err)
+	}
+	a.logf("%s: %s", why, r.Acted)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// handActWarrant is the verb an act the operator chose on a warrant is recorded under: a person's decision,
+// never a repair (handActVerbs).
+const handActWarrant = "warrant"
+
+// byWords is who chose, as the hand-act log says it: "the operator, as telegram identity 42".
+func byWords(w asks.Warrant) string {
+	if w.By == nil {
+		return "the operator"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("the %s, as %s identity %s", w.By.Who, w.By.Kind, w.By.Identity)
+}
+
+// viaWords is the channel an answer came through: its module and kind, and how the sender was known.
+func viaWords(w asks.Warrant) string {
+	if w.By == nil {
+		return w.Channel
+	}
+	via := w.Channel + " (" + w.By.Kind + ")"
+	if w.By.Verified != "" {
+		via += ", " + w.By.Verified
+	}
+	return via
+}
+
+// errNotGranted is an action whose verb the controller's grant does not name.
+var errNotGranted = errors.New("the controller's grant does not name this verb")

cmd/mesh-controller/asker_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/link"
+)
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §6: the controller asks the operator for the answers its conditions name, and performs
+// the one chosen on the router's warrant — once, for its own ask, the option offered, at its level.
+
+type memAskedStore map[string]asked
+
+func (m memAskedStore) Get(_ context.Context, id string) (*asked, error) {
+	r, ok := m[id]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	return &r, nil
+}
+func (m memAskedStore) Put(_ context.Context, r asked) error { m[r.ID] = r; return nil }
+func (m memAskedStore) Claim(_ context.Context, id string, w asks.Warrant) (bool, error) {
+	r, ok := m[id]
+	if !ok || r.State != askOpen || r.Acted != "" {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	r.State, r.Warrant, r.Acted = string(asks.OutcomeChosen), &w, "acting"
+	m[id] = r
+	return true, nil
+}
+func (m memAskedStore) All(context.Context) ([]asked, error) {
+	var out []asked
+	for _, r := range m {
+		out = append(out, r)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+type published struct {
+	subject, id string
+	body        []byte
+}
+
+type askerRig struct {
+	a        *asker
+	open     []conditions.Condition
+	store    memAskedStore
+	sent     []published
+	called   []string
+	silenced []string
+	acts     []link.HandAct
+	now      time.Time
+}
+
+func newAskerRig(t *testing.T) *askerRig {
+	r := &askerRig{store: memAskedStore{}, now: time.Date(2026, 10, 8, 14, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)}
+	r.a = &asker{
+		open: func(context.Context) ([]conditions.Condition, error) { return r.open, nil },
+		silence: func(_ context.Context, key string, d time.Duration, by, why string) error {
+			r.silenced = append(r.silenced, key+" for "+d.String()+" by "+by+" because "+why)
+			return nil
+		},
+		store: r.store,
+		publish: func(_ context.Context, subject string, body []byte, id string) error {
+			r.sent = append(r.sent, published{subject, id, body})
+			return nil
+		},
+		call: func(_ context.Context, a conditions.Action, args map[string]string) error {
+			raw, _ := json.Marshal(args)
+			r.called = append(r.called, a.Verb+"@"+a.Machine+" "+string(raw))
+			return nil
+		},
+		record: func(_ context.Context, act link.HandAct) error { r.acts = append(r.acts, act); return nil },
+		now:    func() time.Time { return r.now },
+		logf:   t.Logf,
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func heldCondition() conditions.Condition {
+	o := stalledObservations([]stalledLine{{ID: "novox/hq@055550802096", State: "held", For: "36h2m6s",
+		Bound: "24h0m0s", H2: "none: the state is the operator's"}})[0]
+	return conditions.Condition{Key: o.Key(), Kind: o.Kind, Severity: conditions.Warning, Headline: o.Headline,
+		Explanation: conditions.Verdict(o.Needs, o.Explanation), Needs: o.Needs, Actions: o.Actions}
+}
+
+func unitsCondition() conditions.Condition {
+	key := "machine.shanks.units"
+	return conditions.Condition{Key: key, Kind: "machine-units", Severity: conditions.Warning,
+		Headline: "3 failed services on shanks", Explanation: "Needs you: mend or remove them on shanks, or silence this.",
+		Needs: "mend or remove them on shanks, or silence this.", Actions: []conditions.Action{conditions.SilenceAction(key)}}
+}
+
+func (r *askerRig) asksSent(t *testing.T) []asks.Ask {
+	t.Helper()
+	var out []asks.Ask
+	for _, p := range r.sent {
+		if p.subject != asks.AskSubject("mesh-controller") {
+			continue
+		}
+		var q asks.Ask
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(p.body, &q); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		out = append(out, q)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func TestAnAskIsMadeForEachConditionThatNamesItsAnswers(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	quiet := conditions.Condition{Key: "machine.ace.silent", Headline: "ace silent", Explanation: "Nothing for you to do. x"}
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition(), unitsCondition(), quiet}
+	if err := r.a.reconcile(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sent := r.asksSent(t)
+	if len(sent) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("asked %d times: %+v", len(sent), sent)
+	}
+	byAbout := map[string]asks.Ask{}
+	for _, q := range sent {
+		byAbout[q.About] = q
+		if err := q.Check(r.now); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: %v", q.About, err)
+		}
+	}
+	held := byAbout[heldCondition().Key]
+	if len(held.Options) != 2 || held.Options[0].Label != "Release" || held.Options[0].Level != asks.Approve ||
+		held.Options[1].ID != "stop" || held.Expires != r.now.Add(askApproveFor) || held.Who != asks.Operator ||
+		held.OnExpiry == "" {
+		t.Errorf("the held delivery is asked %+v", held)
+	}
+	units := byAbout["machine.shanks.units"]
+	if len(units.Options) != 1 || units.Options[0].Level != asks.Acknowledge || units.Expires != r.now.Add(askAcknowledgeFor) {
+		t.Errorf("the failed units are asked %+v", units)
+	}
+	// No second ask while one is open.
+	r.now = r.now.Add(time.Minute)
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if n := len(r.asksSent(t)); n != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("asked again while open: %d", n)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAnAskIsTakenBackWhenItsConditionEndsAndAskedAgainAfterItExpires(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition(), unitsCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	// The units are silenced, the held delivery lasts past its ask's day.
+	units := unitsCondition()
+	units.Silenced = &conditions.Silence{Until: r.now.Add(48 * time.Hour)}
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition(), units}
+	r.now = r.now.Add(askApproveFor)
+	if err := r.a.reconcile(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var cancels int
+	for _, p := range r.sent {
+		if p.subject == asks.CancelSubject("mesh-controller") {
+			cancels++
+		}
+	}
+	if cancels != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("cancels %d, want the silenced one's", cancels)
+	}
+	if sent := r.asksSent(t); len(sent) != 3 || sent[2].About != heldCondition().Key {
+		t.Errorf("the expired ask was not asked again: %+v", sent)
+	}
+}
+
+// warrantFor is the router's warrant for the open ask about a condition, choosing an option by label.
+func (r *askerRig) warrantFor(t *testing.T, condition, label string) asks.Warrant {
+	t.Helper()
+	for _, a := range r.store {
+		if a.Condition != condition || a.State != askOpen {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, o := range a.Ask.Options {
+			if o.Label == label {
+				return asks.Warrant{Ask: a.ID, Asker: "mesh-controller", About: condition, Outcome: asks.OutcomeChosen,
+					Option: o.ID, Label: o.Label, Level: o.Level, Channel: "telegram", Proofs: []string{"P1"}, At: r.now,
+					AskDigest: a.Ask.Digest(),
+					By:        &asks.Person{Who: asks.Operator, Kind: "telegram", Identity: "42", Verified: "user id verified"}}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	t.Fatalf("no open ask about %s offers %s", condition, label)
+	return asks.Warrant{}
+}
+
+func answerWith(t *testing.T, r *askerRig, w asks.Warrant) {
+	t.Helper()
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(w)
+	if err := r.a.Decided(context.Background(), body); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAWarrantIsActedOnOnce(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Release")
+	answerWith(t, r, w)
+	answerWith(t, r, w) // heard again
+	if len(r.called) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("called %v", r.called)
+	}
+	want := `mesh-delivery.release@ {"id":"novox/hq@055550802096","why":"the operator, via telegram (user id verified), chose Release (ask ` + w.Ask + `)"}`
+	if r.called[0] != want {
+		t.Errorf("called\n  %s\nwant\n  %s", r.called[0], want)
+	}
+	if len(r.acts) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("hand-acts %+v", r.acts)
+	}
+	act := r.acts[0]
+	if act.Verb != handActWarrant || act.By != "the operator, as telegram identity 42" ||
+		act.Via != "telegram (telegram), user id verified" || act.Ask != w.Ask || strings.Join(act.Proofs, ",") != "P1" ||
+		act.Cause != conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer || act.Condition != heldCondition().Key || act.Outcome != "done" {
+		t.Errorf("the hand-act %+v", act)
+	}
+	if !personsDecision(act) {
+		t.Error("an act on a warrant counts as a repair")
+	}
+	if got := r.store[w.Ask]; got.State != string(asks.OutcomeChosen) || got.Acted != "done" {
+		t.Errorf("kept %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAWarrantThatIsNotForItsOwnAskIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
+	for name, change := range map[string]func(*asks.Warrant){
+		"another asker":         func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.Asker = "mesh-delivery" },
+		"an ask not held":       func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.Ask = "c0000000000000000" },
+		"an option not offered": func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.Option = "delete" },
+		"another level":         func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.Level = asks.Acknowledge },
+		"no person":             func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.By = nil },
+		"another ask's digest":  func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.AskDigest = "sha256:0000" },
+		"no ask's digest":       func(w *asks.Warrant) { w.AskDigest = "" },
+	} {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := newAskerRig(t)
+			r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+			_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+			w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Stop")
+			change(&w)
+			answerWith(t, r, w)
+			if len(r.called)+len(r.acts)+len(r.silenced) != 0 {
+				t.Errorf("acted on it: %v %v %v", r.called, r.acts, r.silenced)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEachAnswerCallsExactlyItsVerb(t *testing.T) {
+	plan := "plan-1791454185265004861"
+	waiting := conditions.Condition{Key: "plan." + plan + ".waiting", Severity: conditions.Urgent,
+		Headline: "openrazer delivery waiting to start", Needs: "start it, or stop it.",
+		Explanation: "Needs you: start it, or stop it.", Actions: waitingActions(plan, conditions.Urgent)}
+	module := conditions.Condition{Key: "module.openrazer.g14.unhealthy", Severity: conditions.Warning,
+		Headline: "openrazer not working on g14", Needs: "restart its service openrazer-daemon on g14.",
+		Explanation: "Needs you: restart it.", Actions: []conditions.Action{{Label: "Restart",
+			Verb: "node-service-manager.restart", Machine: "g14", Level: conditions.LevelApprove,
+			Arguments: map[string]string{"unit": "openrazer-daemon.service", "scope": "user"}}}}
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		c     conditions.Condition
+		label string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{waiting, "Start", `mesh-controller.plans@ {"cause":"operator-answer","go":"` + plan + `","why":"`},
+		{waiting, "Stop", `mesh-controller.plans@ {"cause":"operator-answer","stop":"` + plan + `","why":"`},
+		{module, "Restart", `node-service-manager.restart@g14 {"scope":"user","unit":"openrazer-daemon.service"}`},
+	} {
+		r := newAskerRig(t)
+		r.open = []conditions.Condition{tc.c}
+		_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+		answerWith(t, r, r.warrantFor(t, tc.c.Key, tc.label))
+		if len(r.called) != 1 || !strings.HasPrefix(r.called[0], tc.want) {
+			t.Errorf("%s: called %v, want %s…", tc.label, r.called, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestASilenceChosenIsTheControllersOwnAndAnAnswerToAnAsk(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{unitsCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w := r.warrantFor(t, "machine.shanks.units", "Silence for a week")
+	w.Level, w.Proofs = asks.Acknowledge, nil
+	w.By = &asks.Person{Who: asks.Operator, Kind: "desktop", Identity: "g14",
+		Verified: "a desk click: whoever was at the operator's session on g14"}
+	w.Channel = "desk-channel"
+	answerWith(t, r, w)
+	if len(r.called) != 0 || len(r.silenced) != 1 || !strings.HasPrefix(r.silenced[0], "machine.shanks.units for 168h0m0s by the operator, as desktop identity g14") {
+		t.Fatalf("silenced %v, called %v", r.silenced, r.called)
+	}
+	if len(r.acts) != 1 || r.acts[0].Cause != conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer || len(r.acts[0].Proofs) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("%+v", r.acts)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAnAskThatEndedWithoutAChoiceDoesNothing(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Release")
+	w.Outcome, w.Option, w.Label, w.Level, w.By, w.Words = asks.OutcomeExpired, "", "", "", nil, "nobody answered in time"
+	answerWith(t, r, w)
+	if len(r.called)+len(r.acts) != 0 || r.store[w.Ask].State != string(asks.OutcomeExpired) ||
+		!strings.HasPrefix(r.store[w.Ask].Acted, "nothing") {
+		t.Errorf("called %v acts %v kept %+v", r.called, r.acts, r.store[w.Ask])
+	}
+	// And a choice for a condition that ended meanwhile does nothing either.
+	r2 := newAskerRig(t)
+	r2.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r2.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w2 := r2.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Release")
+	r2.open = nil
+	answerWith(t, r2, w2)
+	if len(r2.called) != 0 || r2.store[w2.Ask].Acted != "nothing: the condition ended before the answer" {
+		t.Errorf("%v %+v", r2.called, r2.store[w2.Ask])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAWarrantMissedWhileAwayIsReadFromTheRoutersRecord(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Stop")
+	r.a.routerRecord = func(_ context.Context, id string) (*asks.Warrant, error) {
+		if id != w.Ask {
+			return nil, errors.New("another ask")
+		}
+		return &w, nil
+	}
+	r.now = r.now.Add(askCatchUpAfter)
+	if err := r.a.reconcile(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(r.called) != 1 || !strings.HasPrefix(r.called[0], "mesh-delivery.stop@") {
+		t.Errorf("called %v", r.called)
+	}
+	if n := len(r.asksSent(t)); n != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("asked again after the answer: %d", n)
+	}
+}
+
+// After review (2026-10-08): a refused ask is not asked again until its answers or the channels change.
+func TestAnAskTheRouterRefusedWaitsUntilSomethingChanges(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	channels := "channel/telegram=telegram@anchor[choice]own:true"
+	r.a.channels = func(context.Context) string { return channels }
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	first := r.asksSent(t)[0]
+	refusal, _ := json.Marshal(asks.Warrant{Ask: first.ID, Asker: "mesh-controller", Outcome: asks.OutcomeRefused,
+		Words: "no channel can carry any of its answers now", At: r.now})
+	if err := r.a.Decided(context.Background(), refusal); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got := r.store[first.ID]; got.State != string(asks.OutcomeRefused) || !strings.Contains(got.Acted, "nothing") {
+		t.Fatalf("the refusal was kept as %+v", got)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		r.now = r.now.Add(askEvery)
+		_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	}
+	if n := len(r.asksSent(t)); n != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("asked again %d time(s) though nothing changed", n-1)
+	}
+	channels = "channel/telegram=telegram@anchor[choice,verified-sender]own:true"
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if n := len(r.asksSent(t)); n != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("not asked again once the channels changed: %d", n)
+	}
+}
+
+// After review: at most three asks open at once, the most urgent first, then the oldest.
+func TestAtMostThreeAsksAreOpenTheMostUrgentFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	var open []conditions.Condition
+	for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+		c := unitsCondition()
+		c.Key = "machine.m" + string(rune('a'+i)) + ".units"
+		c.Actions = []conditions.Action{conditions.SilenceAction(c.Key)}
+		c.Raised = r.now.Add(-time.Duration(10-i) * time.Hour)
+		open = append(open, c)
+	}
+	urgent := heldCondition()
+	urgent.Severity, urgent.Raised = conditions.Urgent, r.now.Add(-time.Minute)
+	r.open = append(open, urgent)
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	sent := r.asksSent(t)
+	if len(sent) != askMostOpen || sent[0].About != urgent.Key || sent[1].About != "machine.ma.units" || sent[2].About != "machine.mb.units" {
+		var about []string
+		for _, q := range sent {
+			about = append(about, q.About)
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("asked %v", about)
+	}
+}
+
+// After review: nothing is asked while no router takes asks under the controller's name, and that is said once.
+func TestNothingIsAskedWithoutARouter(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	var said []string
+	r.a.logf = func(f string, a ...any) { said = append(said, f) }
+	r.a.routerHere = func(context.Context) (bool, error) { return false, nil }
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if len(r.asksSent(t)) != 0 {
+		t.Error("asked with no router")
+	}
+	n := 0
+	for _, s := range said {
+		if strings.Contains(s, "no router takes asks") {
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+	if n != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("said %d times", n)
+	}
+}
+
+// After review: the condition's words keep where an answer is given without a channel; the ask's text does not.
+func TestTheAskDropsWhereItIsAnsweredAndTheConditionKeepsIt(t *testing.T) {
+	c := heldCondition()
+	if !strings.Contains(c.Explanation, FromMeshMCPServer) {
+		t.Fatalf("the condition lost where it is answered: %q", c.Explanation)
+	}
+	q, _ := askOf("x", c, time.Now())
+	if strings.Contains(q.Explanation, "mesh MCP server") || !strings.HasPrefix(q.Explanation, "Needs you: release it, or stop it.") {
+		t.Errorf("the ask says %q", q.Explanation)
+	}
+	if askApproveFor >= 24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("an approving ask lasts %s, which the SDK may refuse at its bound", askApproveFor)
+	}
+}
+
+// After review (security finding 9): a warrant is acted on only for an ask open in the controller's own record,
+// once the claim stands, and never when given after the ask expired.
+func TestAWarrantIsActedOnlyForAnOpenAskItClaimsBeforeItExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Release")
+	late := w
+	late.At = r.store[w.Ask].Ask.Expires.Add(time.Minute)
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(late)
+	_ = r.a.Decided(context.Background(), body)
+	if len(r.called) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("acted on a warrant given after the ask expired: %v", r.called)
+	}
+	// Claimed already by another delivery: nothing done here.
+	kept := r.store[w.Ask]
+	kept.Acted = "acting"
+	r.store[w.Ask] = kept
+	body, _ = json.Marshal(w)
+	_ = r.a.Decided(context.Background(), body)
+	if len(r.called) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("acted though the claim was another's: %v", r.called)
+	}
+	// Cancelled in its own record: refused.
+	kept.Acted, kept.State = "", askCancelled
+	r.store[w.Ask] = kept
+	_ = r.a.Decided(context.Background(), body)
+	if len(r.called) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("acted on a cancelled ask: %v", r.called)
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §6: a warrant authorises the act its option bound when the controller asked, and no
+// other. A record of the act changed after the ask — another delivery, another machine, another argument —
+// is refused and nothing is performed.
+func TestAWarrantPerformsOnlyTheActItsOptionBound(t *testing.T) {
+	for name, change := range map[string]func(*conditions.Action){
+		"another argument": func(a *conditions.Action) {
+			a.Arguments = map[string]string{"id": "novox/mesh-controller@000000000000"}
+		},
+		"another verb":    func(a *conditions.Action) { a.Verb = "mesh-delivery.stop" },
+		"another machine": func(a *conditions.Action) { a.Machine = "anchor" },
+	} {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := newAskerRig(t)
+			r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+			_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+			w := r.warrantFor(t, heldCondition().Key, "Release")
+			kept := r.store[w.Ask]
+			acts := append([]conditions.Action(nil), kept.Actions...)
+			i := kept.Options[w.Option]
+			change(&acts[i])
+			kept.Actions = acts
+			r.store[w.Ask] = kept
+			answerWith(t, r, w)
+			if len(r.called)+len(r.acts) != 0 {
+				t.Errorf("performed an act the option did not bind: %v %v", r.called, r.acts)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+	// Every option of an ask binds its act.
+	q, _ := askOf("x", heldCondition(), time.Now())
+	for _, o := range q.Options {
+		if o.Binds == "" {
+			t.Errorf("the option %s binds nothing", o.ID)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Failure is loud (novox/hq ADR 0259, the self-review of 2026-10-09): a condition that needs the operator and
+// could not be asked on any channel — no router, or the router refused the ask — is a condition of its own,
+// cleared once it can be asked again.
+func TestAnAskThatCannotBeDeliveredIsSaid(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	var raised [][]conditions.Observation
+	r.a.raise = func(_ context.Context, obs []conditions.Observation) error {
+		raised = append(raised, obs)
+		return nil
+	}
+	last := func() []conditions.Observation { return raised[len(raised)-1] }
+	routerHere := false
+	r.a.routerHere = func(context.Context) (bool, error) { return routerHere, nil }
+	channels := "channel/telegram=telegram@anchor[choice]own:true"
+	r.a.channels = func(context.Context) string { return channels }
+	r.open = []conditions.Condition{heldCondition()}
+
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if got := last(); len(got) != 1 || got[0].Kind != "asks-undelivered" ||
+		!strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, heldCondition().Key) || !strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "no router") {
+		t.Fatalf("no router, said as %+v", got)
+	}
+
+	routerHere = true
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if got := last(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("asked, and still said undelivered: %+v", got)
+	}
+	first := r.asksSent(t)[0]
+	refusal, _ := json.Marshal(asks.Warrant{Ask: first.ID, Asker: "mesh-controller", Outcome: asks.OutcomeRefused,
+		Words: "no channel can carry any of its answers now", At: r.now})
+	if err := r.a.Decided(context.Background(), refusal); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if got := last(); len(got) != 1 || !strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "no channel can carry") {
+		t.Fatalf("the router's refusal, said as %+v", got)
+	}
+	if why, ok := conditions.PlainWords(conditions.Words{Headline: last()[0].Headline, Explanation: last()[0].Explanation,
+		Needs: last()[0].Needs, Resolved: last()[0].Resolved}, ""); !ok {
+		t.Errorf("not plain: %s", why)
+	}
+	r.open = nil
+	_ = r.a.reconcile(context.Background())
+	if got := last(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("nothing needs asking, and still said: %+v", got)
+	}
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/asker_wire.go

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+package main
+
+// The asker on the bus: its asks in the controller's bucket `asked`, its asks and cancels published on the
+// seat under the controller's name, the verbs a warrant chooses called with the controller's grant, and the
+// router's record of its asks read under its name (novox/hq ADR 0259).
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go/jetstream"
+
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/broker"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/catalogue"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/inventory"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/link"
+)
+
+// askerFrom is the serving controller's asker; nil in any other process.
+var askerFrom *asker
+
+// askWithin is how long a verb a warrant chose is given to answer.
+const askWithin = time.Minute
+
+type busAsked struct{ conn *nats.Conn }
+
+func (b busAsked) kv(ctx context.Context) (jetstream.KeyValue, error) {
+	js, err := jetstream.New(b.conn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return js.KeyValue(ctx, broker.AskedBucket)
+}
+
+func (b busAsked) Get(ctx context.Context, id string) (*asked, error) {
+	kv, err := b.kv(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	e, err := kv.Get(ctx, id)
+	if errors.Is(err, jetstream.ErrKeyNotFound) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var r asked
+	return &r, json.Unmarshal(e.Value(), &r)
+}
+
+func (b busAsked) Put(ctx context.Context, r asked) error {
+	kv, err := b.kv(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, err = kv.Put(ctx, r.ID, body)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (b busAsked) All(ctx context.Context) ([]asked, error) {
+	kv, err := b.kv(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	lister, err := kv.ListKeys(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = lister.Stop() }()
+	var out []asked
+	for k := range lister.Keys() {
+		e, err := kv.Get(ctx, k)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		var r asked
+		if json.Unmarshal(e.Value(), &r) == nil {
+			out = append(out, r)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// Claim marks an open ask acting, by compare-and-set on its key's revision: only the write that stands acts.
+func (b busAsked) Claim(ctx context.Context, id string, w asks.Warrant) (bool, error) {
+	kv, err := b.kv(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	e, err := kv.Get(ctx, id)
+	if errors.Is(err, jetstream.ErrKeyNotFound) {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	var r asked
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(e.Value(), &r); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	if r.State != askOpen || r.Acted != "" {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	r.State, r.Warrant, r.Acted = string(asks.OutcomeChosen), &w, "acting"
+	body, err := json.Marshal(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	if _, err := kv.Update(ctx, id, body, e.Revision()); err != nil {
+		var api *jetstream.APIError
+		if errors.Is(err, jetstream.ErrKeyExists) || (errors.As(err, &api) && api.ErrorCode == jetstream.JSErrCodeStreamWrongLastSequence) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+// callAction performs an action's verb as the controller, through the grant that names it.
+func callAction(conn *nats.Conn) func(ctx context.Context, a conditions.Action, args map[string]string) error {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, a conditions.Action, args map[string]string) error {
+		seat, verb, ok := strings.Cut(a.Verb, ".")
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%q names no seat and verb", a.Verb)
+		}
+		body := map[string]any{}
+		for k, v := range args {
+			body[k] = v
+		}
+		if seat == catalogue.DeliverySeat {
+			_, err := askDeliveryOwner(ctx, conn, verb, body)
+			return err
+		}
+		granted := false
+		for _, v := range broker.VerbsTheControllerActsOnAWarrant {
+			granted = granted || (v.Seat == seat && v.Verb == verb)
+		}
+		if !granted {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", a.Verb, errNotGranted)
+		}
+		var answer link.Answer
+		var err error
+		if a.Machine != "" {
+			answer, err = link.AskSeatTool(ctx, conn, seat, verb, a.Machine, body, askWithin)
+		} else {
+			answer, err = link.AskMeshSeatTool(ctx, conn, seat, verb, body, askWithin)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if answer.Error != "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s refused: %s", a.Verb, answer.Error)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// routerRecordOf reads the router's record of one of the controller's asks, under its name, and answers
+// how it ended when it did: the bucket is the one the asks seat's declarer names as its records.
+func routerRecordOf(conn *nats.Conn, inv *inventory.Inventory) func(ctx context.Context, id string) (*asks.Warrant, error) {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, id string) (*asks.Warrant, error) {
+		bucket, err := asksRecords(ctx, inv)
+		if err != nil || bucket == "" {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		reply, err := conn.RequestWithContext(ctx, "$JS.API.DIRECT.GET.KV_"+bucket+".$KV."+bucket+"."+askerName+"."+id, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if reply.Header.Get("Status") != "" {
+			return nil, nil // none, or not readable: the event says it
+		}
+		var rec struct {
+			State   string        `json:"state"`
+			Warrant *asks.Warrant `json:"warrant"`
+		}
+		if json.Unmarshal(reply.Data, &rec) != nil || rec.State == "open" || rec.Warrant == nil {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return rec.Warrant, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// asksRecords is the bucket the asks seat's declarer keeps its record of asks in.
+func asksRecords(ctx context.Context, inv *inventory.Inventory) (string, error) {
+	declared, err := inv.Catalogue(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	for _, m := range declared {
+		for _, s := range m.DefinesSeats {
+			if s.Name == broker.AsksSeat && len(s.Records) > 0 {
+				return broker.BucketName(m.Module, s.Records[0]), nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return "", nil
+}
+
+// routerHereIn says whether a module declaring the asks seat, with its ask named by its caller, is assigned:
+// without it nothing takes an ask, and asking would only fill a queue nobody reads.
+func routerHereIn(inv *inventory.Inventory) func(ctx context.Context) (bool, error) {
+	return func(ctx context.Context) (bool, error) {
+		entries, err := inv.Catalogued(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		for _, e := range entries {
+			for _, s := range e.Manifest.DefinesSeats {
+				if s.Name == broker.AsksSeat && s.NamedByCaller("ask") && len(e.On) > 0 {
+					return true, nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return false, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// channelsIn is what the channels are now, as a fingerprint: each module claiming a kind of the channel
+// bench, where, promising what, and whether of its own account. An ask the router refused is asked again
+// once this changes.
+func channelsIn(inv *inventory.Inventory) func(ctx context.Context) string {
+	return func(ctx context.Context) string {
+		entries, err := inv.Catalogued(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+		var parts []string
+		for _, e := range entries {
+			for _, c := range e.Manifest.Claims {
+				if c.Kind == "" || !catalogue.KindedBenches[c.Name] {
+					continue
+				}
+				on := append([]string(nil), e.On...)
+				sort.Strings(on)
+				caps := append([]string(nil), c.Capabilities...)
+				sort.Strings(caps)
+				parts = append(parts, fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s=%s@%s[%s]own:%t", c.Name, c.Kind, e.Manifest.Module,
+					strings.Join(on, ","), strings.Join(caps, ","), e.Manifest.RunsAs != ""))
+			}
+		}
+		sort.Strings(parts)
+		return strings.Join(parts, ";")
+	}
+}
+
+// startAsking makes the serving controller's asker and hands it the router's words.
+func startAsking(ctx context.Context, open *stores, server *link.Server, conn *nats.Conn, keeper *conditions.Keeper) {
+	js, err := jetstream.New(conn)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("the operator cannot be asked: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+	a := &asker{
+		open: keeper.Open,
+		silence: func(ctx context.Context, key string, d time.Duration, by, why string) error {
+			_, err := keeper.Silence(ctx, key, d, by, why)
+			return err
+		},
+		store: busAsked{conn: conn},
+		publish: func(ctx context.Context, subject string, body []byte, id string) error {
+			_, err := js.Publish(ctx, subject, body, jetstream.WithMsgID(id))
+			return err
+		},
+		call: callAction(conn),
+		record: func(ctx context.Context, act link.HandAct) error {
+			_, err := link.RecordHandAct(ctx, conn, act)
+			return err
+		},
+		routerRecord: routerRecordOf(conn, open.inventory),
+		routerHere:   routerHereIn(open.inventory),
+		channels:     channelsIn(open.inventory),
+		raise: func(ctx context.Context, obs []conditions.Observation) error {
+			return keeper.Reconcile(ctx, sourceAsker, obs)
+		},
+		now:  time.Now,
+		logf: func(format string, args ...any) { fmt.Printf(format+"\n", args...) },
+	}
+	if err := server.Decides(a); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("the operator's answers cannot be heard, so nothing is asked: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+	askerFrom = a
+	go a.keep(ctx)
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/busobjects.go

@@ -53,9 +53,26 @@ func assertBusObjects(ctx context.Context, inv *inventory.Inventory, r broker.Ra
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	// And the work queues of seats that name their caller or their kind, with each holder's worker
+	// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3): an ask queues until the router takes it, a channel's work until that kind
+	// takes it.
+	trafficStreams, trafficWorkers, err := seatTrafficObjects(ctx, inv)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	// Every one tried, and every failure named: one module's consumer the bus refuses is no reason
 	// the modules after it in the list hear nothing (novox/hq issue 208, where this runs on each send).
 	var failed []error
+	for _, s := range trafficStreams {
+		if err := r.EnsureStream(s); err != nil {
+			failed = append(failed, fmt.Errorf("the work queue %s: %w", s.Name, err))
+		}
+	}
+	for _, c := range trafficWorkers {
+		if err := r.EnsureConsumer(c); err != nil {
+			failed = append(failed, fmt.Errorf("the worker %s on %s: %w", c.Name, c.Stream, err))
+		}
+	}
 	for _, c := range consumers {
 		if err := r.EnsureConsumer(c.Consumer); err != nil {
 			failed = append(failed, fmt.Errorf("how %s on %s hears what it consumes: %w", c.Module, c.Node, err))
@@ -130,6 +147,37 @@ func moduleConsumers(ctx context.Context, inv *inventory.Inventory) ([]broker.Mo
 	return broker.ConsumersOf(users), nil
 }
 
+// seatTrafficObjects is the work queues and workers of seats that name their caller or their kind, from
+// the records the user list is composed from.
+func seatTrafficObjects(ctx context.Context, inv *inventory.Inventory) ([]broker.Stream, []broker.Consumer, error) {
+	records, err := inv.BusRecords(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	users, err := broker.Users(records)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	streams, workers := broker.SeatTrafficObjects(users)
+	// And the queue of every such seat the catalogue declares, held or not: work queues from registration,
+	// so what is submitted before a holder is assigned waits for it (the correctness review of 2026-10-08).
+	declared, err := inv.DeclaredTrafficSeats(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	have := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, s := range streams {
+		have[s.Name] = true
+	}
+	for _, s := range broker.TrafficQueues(declared) {
+		if !have[s.Name] {
+			streams = append(streams, s)
+			have[s.Name] = true
+		}
+	}
+	return streams, workers, nil
+}
+
 // moduleConsumerCount is how many modules hear what they consume, for the raise's one line.
 func moduleConsumerCount(ctx context.Context, inv *inventory.Inventory) (int, error) {
 	consumers, err := moduleConsumers(ctx, inv)

cmd/mesh-controller/conditions.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func keeperOn(ctx context.Context, conn *nats.Conn) (*conditions.Keeper, error)
 		Say:    func(format string, args ...any) { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, format+"\n", args...) },
 		// What status leads with changed: composed again soon (a nudge outside the serving controller
 		// does nothing).
-		Changed: statusFrom.nudge,
+		Changed: func() { statusFrom.nudge(); askerFrom.nudge() },
 		// Written under the lease, carrying its epoch (novox/hq to-be 45 §6).
 		Epoch: func() (uint64, error) { return theLease.epoch(context.WithoutCancel(ctx)) }}), nil
 }

cmd/mesh-controller/delivery_conditions_test.go

@@ -136,12 +136,13 @@ func TestTheDeliveryOwnerIsAskedOverTheBus(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	for _, verb := range []string{"stalled", "close"} {
+	// And release and stop, which the operator's warrant chooses (novox/hq ADR 0259).
+	for _, verb := range []string{"stalled", "close", "release", "stop"} {
 		if !slices.Contains(granted.Publish, link.SeatToolSubject(catalogue.DeliverySeat, verb)) {
 			t.Errorf("the controller may not ask %s.%s", catalogue.DeliverySeat, verb)
 		}
 	}
-	if _, err := askDeliveryOwner(t.Context(), nil, "stop", nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "grant") {
+	if _, err := askDeliveryOwner(t.Context(), nil, "retire-history", nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "grant") {
 		t.Fatalf("a verb the grant does not name was asked: %v", err)
 	}
 	conn, err := nats.Connect(testbus.URL(t))

cmd/mesh-controller/doctor.go

@@ -121,6 +121,11 @@ var probeRegistry = []probe{
 	{ID: probeReconnectsID, Asserts: "no user of the bus had its connection dropped more than twelve times in the " +
 		"last hour: the bus module's nats_closed_connections", From: "issue 327", Kind: kindBusReconnects,
 		Phase: 1, run: probeReconnects},
+	// Root where the trusted parties run (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): while an agent can become root there without a
+	// person, an answer proven there proves nothing.
+	{ID: "D-root", Asserts: "no agent can become root without a person on a machine where the router or a channel " +
+		"proving its sender runs: not by its own account, and not through a tool that runs its command as an account " +
+		"that can", From: "ADR 0259 §8", Kind: kindAgentRoot, Phase: 2, run: probeAgentRoot},
 	{ID: "DW", Asserts: "the watchdogs of the signals table ran within three of their intervals",
 		From: "ADR 0227 rule 6: the watchers are watched", Kind: "watchdogs-silent", Phase: 1, run: probeWatchdogs},
 	// The core's health definitions (novox/hq to-be 45 §8, ADR 0236): what a core component's new build is

cmd/mesh-controller/drill.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package main
+
+// The drill of the operator's answers (novox/hq ADR 0259, the live acceptance after rollout): an ask the
+// operator starts at the controller's terminal, answered on the phone, whose approval changes nothing and is
+// recorded as a person's decision like any other.
+//
+//	mesh-controller drill [--for 15m]
+//
+// It asks with two answers — Approve (an approval, so only a channel that proves who answered carries it) and
+// Decline (an acknowledgement) — each bound to the drill's own act. The serving controller acts on the warrant
+// as on any other: it claims the ask once, checks the act is the one bound, performs nothing, and records the
+// hand-act `warrant` with who answered, through which channel, and the proofs. `hand-acts` then shows it.
+//
+// **The terminal's alone**: a command a verb runs (MESH_VERB set) is refused, so no agent starts a drill — a
+// drill is a question the operator expects, and one an agent could start would teach them to approve what they
+// did not ask for.
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+)
+
+// drillVerb is the act a drill's answers bind: nothing is called.
+const drillVerb = "drill"
+
+// drillActions are the drill's two answers.
+func drillActions() []conditions.Action {
+	return []conditions.Action{
+		{Label: "Approve", Verb: drillVerb, Level: conditions.LevelApprove, Arguments: map[string]string{"drill": "approve"}},
+		{Label: "Decline", Verb: drillVerb, Level: conditions.LevelAcknowledge, Arguments: map[string]string{"drill": "decline"}},
+	}
+}
+
+// drillAsk is the drill's ask, as the router is sent it.
+func drillAsk(id string, now time.Time, lasts time.Duration) (asks.Ask, map[string]int) {
+	q := asks.Ask{ID: id, Headline: "Drill: approve this test question?", Who: asks.Operator,
+		Explanation: "Needs you: approve or decline. You started this drill at the controller's terminal. Approving " +
+			"changes nothing on the mesh; it is recorded as your decision, so you can check the record.",
+		OnExpiry: "nothing is done", Expires: now.Add(lasts), About: "drill." + id}
+	options := map[string]int{}
+	for i, act := range drillActions() {
+		binds, _ := asks.ActDigest(boundAct(act))
+		oid := optionID(act.Label)
+		options[oid] = i
+		q.Options = append(q.Options, asks.Option{ID: oid, Label: act.Label, Does: doesDrill(act), Level: asks.Level(act.Level),
+			Binds: binds})
+	}
+	return q, options
+}
+
+func doesDrill(act conditions.Action) string {
+	if act.Arguments["drill"] == "approve" {
+		return "nothing changes; your approval is recorded"
+	}
+	return "nothing changes; your answer is recorded"
+}
+
+func drillCommand(ctx context.Context, args []string) error {
+	if os.Getenv(verbVar) != "" {
+		return errors.New("drill is the controller's terminal's alone: a verb may not start one, so no agent asks " +
+			"the operator a question they did not start (novox/hq ADR 0259)")
+	}
+	set := flag.NewFlagSet("drill", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	lasts := set.Duration("for", 15*time.Minute, "how long the question waits for an answer")
+	if err := set.Parse(args); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if *lasts < time.Minute || *lasts > askApproveFor {
+		return fmt.Errorf("a drill waits between a minute and %s", askApproveFor)
+	}
+	js, err := aBus()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer js.Close()
+	now := time.Now()
+	id := newAskID()
+	q, options := drillAsk(id, now, *lasts)
+	if err := q.Check(now); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	store := busAsked{conn: js.Conn()}
+	// Kept before it is published, as the asker keeps every ask, so a warrant always finds it.
+	if err := store.Put(ctx, asked{ID: id, Condition: q.About, Ask: q, Actions: drillActions(), Options: options,
+		State: askOpen, Opened: now, Drill: true}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("the drill could not be kept in the controller's asks: %w", err)
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(q)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := js.Context().Publish(asks.AskSubject(askerName), body, nats.MsgId("ask."+id), nats.Context(ctx)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("the drill could not be asked: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("drill %s asked: answer it on your phone before %s. Then `mesh-controller hand-acts` shows the "+
+		"answer as a warrant, with who answered, through which channel and the proofs; nothing else changes.\n",
+		id, q.Expires.Local().Format("15:04"))
+	return nil
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/drill_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks"
+)
+
+// A drill (the live acceptance of novox/hq ADR 0259): its approval is a warrant like any other — claimed once,
+// its act checked against what the option bound, recorded as the operator's decision with who, how and the
+// proofs — and it performs nothing. The reconciling of conditions leaves it open.
+func TestADrillsApprovalIsRecordedAndPerformsNothing(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newAskerRig(t)
+	q, options := drillAsk("cdrill", r.now, askerDrillFor)
+	if err := q.Check(r.now); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("the drill's ask is refused: %v", err)
+	}
+	r.store["cdrill"] = asked{ID: "cdrill", Condition: q.About, Ask: q, Actions: drillActions(), Options: options,
+		State: askOpen, Opened: r.now, Drill: true}
+	if err := r.a.reconcile(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got := r.store["cdrill"]; got.State != askOpen {
+		t.Fatalf("the reconciling of conditions ended the drill: %+v", got)
+	}
+	approve, _ := q.Option("approve")
+	w := asks.Warrant{Ask: "cdrill", Asker: "mesh-controller", Outcome: asks.OutcomeChosen, Option: approve.ID,
+		Label: approve.Label, Level: approve.Level, Channel: "telegram", Proofs: []string{"P1"}, At: r.now,
+		AskDigest: q.Digest(), By: &asks.Person{Who: asks.Operator, Kind: "telegram", Identity: "42", Verified: "user id verified"}}
+	answerWith(t, r, w)
+	answerWith(t, r, w) // heard again
+	if len(r.called)+len(r.silenced) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("a drill performed something: %v %v", r.called, r.silenced)
+	}
+	if len(r.acts) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("hand-acts %+v", r.acts)
+	}
+	act := r.acts[0]
+	if act.Verb != handActWarrant || act.By != "the operator, as telegram identity 42" || act.Ask != "cdrill" ||
+		strings.Join(act.Args, " ") != "drill drill=approve" || act.Outcome != "done" || strings.Join(act.Proofs, ",") != "P1" {
+		t.Errorf("the drill's record: %+v", act)
+	}
+	if !personsDecision(act) {
+		t.Error("a drill's answer counts as a repair")
+	}
+}
+
+// Only the terminal starts a drill: a verb's process is refused before anything is asked.
+func TestADrillIsTheTerminalsAlone(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(verbVar, "mesh-controller.command")
+	if err := drillCommand(context.Background(), nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "terminal") {
+		t.Fatalf("a verb started a drill: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// askerDrillFor is how long the test's drill waits.
+const askerDrillFor = 15 * time.Minute

cmd/mesh-controller/handacts.go

@@ -60,11 +60,18 @@ var handActVerbs = []handActVerb{
 	// a person's word (ADR 0242), which the push itself reads from what it carried (recorded_push.go).
 	{Verb: "push", Decision: "a recorded build moves only by a person's push: that push is the word its " +
 		"upgrade policy asks for (ADR 0242)", DecidedWhen: pushedRecorded},
-	{Verb: "plans stop"},
+	// Stopping or starting a walk the operator chose on a warrant (novox/hq ADR 0259) is their decision.
+	{Verb: "plans stop", Decision: "the operator's answer to an ask is their decision, not a repair (ADR 0259)",
+		DecidedFor: []string{conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer}},
 	{Verb: "plans close"},
 	// A walk started by a person instead of its delivery's owner (novox/hq ADR 0239): the owner down, or
-	// not trusted with it — either is a repair the owner should have made.
+	// not trusted with it — either is a repair the owner should have made. Unless the operator chose it on
-	{Verb: "plans go"},
+	// a warrant (ADR 0259).
+	{Verb: "plans go", Decision: "the operator's answer to an ask is their decision, not a repair (ADR 0259)",
+		DecidedFor: []string{conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer}},
+	// An act the operator chose on a warrant (novox/hq ADR 0259): asked by the controller, answered on a
+	// channel that proved who answered, performed by the controller as itself.
+	{Verb: handActWarrant, Decision: "the operator chose it, answering what the controller asked (ADR 0259)"},
 	{Verb: "broker consumer-reset"},
 	// Silencing the same condition twice says the condition, or what it watches, wants mending — unless
 	// it is the operator's answer on a notification: a decision to live with it (novox/hq ADR 0258).

cmd/mesh-controller/main.go

@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@ func run() error {
 		return rotateCommand(ctx, args[1:])
 	case "ask":
 		return askCommand(ctx, args[1:])
+	case "drill":
+		return drillCommand(ctx, args[1:])
 	case "builds":
 		return buildsCommand(ctx, args[1:])
 	// The build queue, controlled by hand (novox/hq ADR 0219).

cmd/mesh-controller/module_health.go

@@ -402,6 +402,7 @@ func moduleUnhealthyObservation(module, node string, rs []inventory.ResourceHeal
 		Explanation: fmt.Sprintf("%s on %s is not healthy: %s. It clears as soon as it runs again.", module, node,
 			namesWords(plain, 3)),
 		Needs:    needs,
+		Actions:  moduleActions(node, rs),
 		Resolved: fmt.Sprintf("%s works again on %s", module, node)}
 }
 

cmd/mesh-controller/plain_words.go

@@ -671,6 +671,8 @@ func walkWaitingWords(w waitFacts, in time.Duration, severity conditions.Severit
 }
 
 // waitingNeeds is what the operator does about a walk waiting past its urgent bound: nothing before it.
+// Start and Stop are also asked of the operator (novox/hq ADR 0259); the condition's own words keep saying
+// where they are given without a channel, and the ask's text drops that (askText).
 func waitingNeeds(severity conditions.Severity) string {
 	if severity == conditions.Urgent {
 		return "start it, or stop it, " + FromMeshMCPServer
@@ -678,6 +680,20 @@ func waitingNeeds(severity conditions.Severity) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+// waitingActions are the answers to a walk waiting past its urgent bound: start it, or stop it — the plan's
+// own verbs, approved by the operator (novox/hq ADR 0259). None before the bound.
+func waitingActions(plan string, severity conditions.Severity) []conditions.Action {
+	if severity != conditions.Urgent || plan == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return []conditions.Action{
+		{Label: "Start", Verb: "mesh-controller.plans", Level: conditions.LevelApprove,
+			Arguments: map[string]string{"go": plan, "why": "", "cause": conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer}},
+		{Label: "Stop", Verb: "mesh-controller.plans", Level: conditions.LevelApprove,
+			Arguments: map[string]string{"stop": plan, "why": "", "cause": conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer}},
+	}
+}
+
 // moduleNeeds is what the operator can do about a module unhealthy on a machine: log in again where its
 // account's groups wait for it (ADR 0252), restart a failed service, or nothing where the mesh restarts it.
 // No answer is offered for a restart: a desk click performs only an acknowledgement (ADR 0258).
@@ -692,11 +708,35 @@ func moduleNeeds(node string, rs []inventory.ResourceHealth) string {
 		}
 	}
 	if unit != "" {
+		// Also asked of the operator (moduleActions); the ask's text drops where (askText).
 		return fmt.Sprintf("restart its service %s on %s %s", unit, node, FromMeshMCPServer)
 	}
 	return ""
 }
 
+// moduleActions are the answers to a module unhealthy on a machine: restart its failed service there,
+// approved by the operator (novox/hq ADR 0259) — none when the mesh restarts it, or a new login is what it
+// waits for.
+func moduleActions(node string, rs []inventory.ResourceHealth) []conditions.Action {
+	for _, r := range rs {
+		if strings.Contains(r.Reason, "relogin needed") {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	for _, r := range rs {
+		if r.Kind != link.KindUnit || r.Target == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		scope := "system"
+		if r.Account != "" {
+			scope = "user"
+		}
+		return []conditions.Action{{Label: "Restart", Verb: "node-service-manager.restart", Machine: node,
+			Level: conditions.LevelApprove, Arguments: map[string]string{"unit": r.Target, "scope": scope}}}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // FromMeshMCPServer ends what the operator needs when no notification can do it (ADR 0258), naming the mesh MCP
 // server (the glossary's word; "console" is retired): the answer is not an
 // acknowledgement, so it is given where the operator is known to be the one asking, until answers are
@@ -748,15 +788,19 @@ func stalledWords(l stalledLine, o conditions.Observation) (headline, explanatio
 		long = "for " + humanDuration(d)
 	}
 	if o.Resolver == conditions.ResolverOperator {
-		// Words only: releasing or stopping a delivery is not an acknowledgement, so no desk click
+		// Asked of the operator, approved on a channel that proves who answered (novox/hq ADR 0259); the
-		// performs it (ADR 0258).
+		// router says where each can be answered, so the words do not.
+		release := conditions.Action{Label: "Release", Verb: "mesh-delivery.release", Level: conditions.LevelApprove,
+			Arguments: map[string]string{"id": l.ID, "why": ""}}
+		stop := conditions.Action{Label: "Stop", Verb: "mesh-delivery.stop", Level: conditions.LevelApprove,
+			Arguments: map[string]string{"id": l.ID, "why": ""}}
 		switch held {
 		case "held":
-			needs = "release it, or stop it, " + FromMeshMCPServer
+			needs, actions = "release it, or stop it, "+FromMeshMCPServer, []conditions.Action{release, stop}
 		case "ready", "checked":
 			needs = "merge its pull request, or close it."
 		default:
-			needs = "stop it " + FromMeshMCPServer
+			needs, actions = "stop it "+FromMeshMCPServer, []conditions.Action{stop}
 		}
 	}
 	return fmt.Sprintf("Delivery of %s %s %s", name, held, long),

cmd/mesh-controller/plain_words_test.go

@@ -65,13 +65,21 @@ func TestADeliveryWaitingNeedsNothingUntilItsBoundThenOffersStartAndStop(t *test
 		t.Errorf("the summary lost the way on for whoever looks closer: %q", got[0].Summary)
 	}
 
-	// Past four hours it is urgent, and offers the controller's own answers.
+	// Past four hours it is urgent, and asks the operator to start or stop it (novox/hq ADR 0259): the plan's
+	// own verbs, approved, which the controller performs on the warrant. The router says where to answer.
 	f.waits[0].since = now.Add(-5 * time.Hour)
 	got = watchWaits(f)
 	plainExample(t, got[0], "openrazer delivery waiting to start",
 		"Needs you: start it, or stop it, from the mesh MCP server; this notification cannot do it. The change to openrazer is merged and built, and mesh-delivery (the "+
 			"module that decides when a delivery goes out) has not let it start for 5 hours, so mesh-delivery may "+
-			"be stuck.")
+			"be stuck.", "Start", "Stop")
+	for i, want := range []string{"go", "stop"} {
+		a := got[0].Actions[i]
+		if a.Verb != "mesh-controller.plans" || a.Arguments[want] != "plan-1791454185265004861" ||
+			a.Level != conditions.LevelApprove || a.Arguments["cause"] != conditions.CauseOperatorAnswer {
+			t.Errorf("%s: %+v", a.Label, a)
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Many modules are counted, not listed in the headline.
 	f.waits[0].modules = []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
@@ -82,16 +90,20 @@ func TestADeliveryWaitingNeedsNothingUntilItsBoundThenOffersStartAndStop(t *test
 }
 
 // **A module unhealthy**: "openrazer on g14 is not healthy: its unit openrazer-daemon.service failed in the
-// account's own service manager (exit-code)". Restarting is not an acknowledgement, so it is said in words
+// account's own service manager (exit-code)". Restarting is not an acknowledgement: it is asked of the
-// and offered as no answer (ADR 0258).
+// operator at the approve level (novox/hq ADR 0259), so a desk click never performs it (ADR 0258).
 func TestAModuleUnhealthyAsksForARestartInWords(t *testing.T) {
 	o := moduleUnhealthyObservation("openrazer", "g14", []inventory.ResourceHealth{{Kind: link.KindUnit,
-		Resource: "openrazer-daemon", Target: "openrazer-daemon.service",
+		Resource: "openrazer-daemon", Target: "openrazer-daemon.service", Account: "jochen",
 		Reason: "failed in the account's own service manager (exit-code)", Since: time.Now()}})
 	plainExample(t, o, "openrazer not working on g14",
 		"Needs you: restart its service openrazer-daemon on g14 from the mesh MCP server; this notification cannot do it. "+
 			"openrazer on g14 is not healthy: its service openrazer-daemon stopped with an error. It clears as soon "+
-			"as it runs again.")
+			"as it runs again.", "Restart")
+	if a := o.Actions[0]; a.Verb != "node-service-manager.restart" || a.Machine != "g14" || a.Level != conditions.LevelApprove ||
+		a.Arguments["unit"] != "openrazer-daemon.service" || a.Arguments["scope"] != "user" {
+		t.Errorf("restart: %+v", a)
+	}
 	// An account waiting for a new login (ADR 0252) asks for the login, held to the plain rule.
 	o = moduleUnhealthyObservation("openrazer", "g14", []inventory.ResourceHealth{{Kind: "account",
 		Resource: "operator-in-group", Target: "jochen", Reason: "relogin needed: the account is in the group"}})
@@ -154,7 +166,12 @@ func TestADeliveryHeldAsksForReleaseOrStopInWords(t *testing.T) {
 		Bound: "24h0m0s", H2: "none: the state is the operator's", Says: "it waits for the operator"}})
 	plainExample(t, got[0], "Delivery of hq held for 36 hours",
 		"Needs you: release it, or stop it, from the mesh MCP server; this notification cannot do it. A delivery of hq has been held for 36 hours, past its limit.",
-	)
+		"Release", "Stop")
+	for i, verb := range []string{"mesh-delivery.release", "mesh-delivery.stop"} {
+		if a := got[0].Actions[i]; a.Verb != verb || a.Arguments["id"] != "novox/hq@055550802096" || a.Level != conditions.LevelApprove {
+			t.Errorf("%+v", a)
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // **Every kind the controller raises has plain words**, and its words are plain for a subject of every

cmd/mesh-controller/probe_agent_root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/catalogue"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/link"
+)
+
+// The self-check's probe of who can become root where the trusted parties run (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8, rule 3).
+//
+// The router and every channel proving its sender run as accounts of their own, so that no agent reads what
+// they hold or speaks as them. **Root on their machine undoes all of it.** So on every machine where a module
+// of its own account runs, this probe asks two questions, and raises an urgent condition while either is yes:
+//
+//  1. can an account an agent runs as become root without a person there — passwordless sudo, or a group
+//     that is root by another name (docker, disk)? The agent's account is the one the coding-agent module on
+//     that machine names (`agent_account`), and the operator's account while it names none;
+//  2. can an agent run a command it chooses, through the mesh's own tools, as an account that can — the login
+//     shell's `execute` runs as the machine's runtime account, which the mesh's acting tools give passwordless
+//     sudo? **Only where `execute` is served** (novox/hq ADR 0268): `execute` is an optional verb its holder
+//     withholds on a machine whose `execute` setting is not `serve`. The holder's seat being held there says
+//     nothing; whether the verb is served does. It counts as served while either says so — the holder's
+//     setting as the controller resolves it for that machine (a withheld value not yet pushed is still served),
+//     or the bus's discovery hearing the verb answered there — so a withheld setting the machine has not acted
+//     on yet, or a holder answering against its setting, is never taken for closed.
+//
+// The measurement is the sudo module's on that machine (`sudo_escalation`). **What cannot be measured is not a
+// pass**: a machine it does not run on, or that does not answer, raises the same urgent condition, saying it
+// was not measured — the router reads the condition, and a probe that merely failed to run would leave it
+// approving there (hq ADR 0259 §8, as amended on 2026-10-09).
+
+// kindAgentRoot is the condition an agent able to become root where a trusted party runs raises.
+const kindAgentRoot = "agent-root"
+
+// The tools the probe asks, of the modules on each machine.
+const (
+	agentModule     = "claude-code"
+	agentStatusTool = "claude_code_status"
+	sudoModule      = "sudo"
+	sudoEscalation  = "sudo_escalation"
+	loginShellSeat  = "node-login-shell"
+	// loginShellVerb is the seat's verb that runs a command, and the name of the setting its holder withholds
+	// it by (novox/hq ADR 0268).
+	loginShellVerb = "execute"
+	// executeServes is the one value of that setting that serves the verb; anything else withholds it.
+	executeServes = "serve"
+)
+
+// loginShellServed judges whether the login shell's execute is served on a machine, failing closed (novox/hq
+// ADR 0268): served while the holder's setting there is `serve` (or the holder has no such setting and claims
+// the verb), or while the bus heard the verb answered there, or while the bus could not be asked. why says
+// which, in words, for the condition.
+func loginShellServed(holder string, claims bool, setting *any, heard, asked bool) (bool, string) {
+	var why []string
+	switch {
+	case setting != nil:
+		if v, _ := (*setting).(string); v == executeServes {
+			why = append(why, holder+"'s execute setting there is "+executeServes)
+		}
+	case claims:
+		why = append(why, holder+" claims execute and has no setting that withholds it")
+	}
+	if heard {
+		why = append(why, "the bus hears execute answered there")
+	} else if !asked {
+		why = append(why, "the bus could not be asked whether execute is answered there")
+	}
+	return len(why) > 0, strings.Join(why, "; ")
+}
+
+// claimServes says whether a manifest's claim of a seat names a verb among those it serves.
+func claimServes(m catalogue.Manifest, seat, verb string) bool {
+	for _, c := range m.Claims {
+		if c.Name == seat && slices.Contains(c.Serves, verb) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// escalation is the sudo module's answer for one account.
+type escalation struct {
+	Account string `json:"account"`
+	Root    bool   `json:"root_without_a_person"`
+	Why     string `json:"why"`
+}
+
+// agentRootFacts is what one machine says, as the probe reads it.
+type agentRootFacts struct {
+	Machine    string
+	Trusted    []string // the modules of their own account on it
+	Agent      string   // the account agents run as there; "" when none run there
+	AgentNamed bool     // the coding-agent module named it, rather than it being taken for the operator's
+	Runtime    string   // the account the machine's runtime runs as
+	LoginShell bool     // the login shell's execute is served there, running commands as the runtime's account
+	// LoginShellWhy is why execute counts as served there, in words: its holder's setting, the bus, or both.
+	LoginShellWhy string
+	Answers       map[string]escalation
+}
+
+// agentRootObservations judges one machine's facts: an urgent condition while an agent can become root there
+// without a person, one way or the other, naming which.
+func agentRootObservations(f agentRootFacts) []conditions.Observation {
+	var ways []string
+	if f.Agent != "" {
+		if e := f.Answers[f.Agent]; e.Root {
+			named := "the operator's account, which agents run as while the coding-agent module names no other"
+			if f.AgentNamed {
+				named = "the account agents run as"
+			}
+			ways = append(ways, fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s) can become root without a person: %s", f.Agent, named, e.Why))
+		}
+	}
+	if f.LoginShell && f.Runtime != "" {
+		if e := f.Answers[f.Runtime]; e.Root {
+			served := ""
+			if f.LoginShellWhy != "" {
+				served = " (" + f.LoginShellWhy + ")"
+			}
+			ways = append(ways, fmt.Sprintf("the login shell runs any command an agent gives it as %s%s, which can "+
+				"become root without a person: %s", f.Runtime, served, e.Why))
+		}
+	}
+	if len(ways) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sort.Strings(f.Trusted)
+	return []conditions.Observation{{Scope: conditions.ScopeMachine, ID: f.Machine, Token: kindAgentRoot,
+		Machine: f.Machine, Kind: kindAgentRoot, Severity: conditions.Urgent,
+		Summary: fmt.Sprintf("an agent can become root on %s without a person, where %s run as accounts of their "+
+			"own; until it cannot, the router approves nothing proven there (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): %s",
+			f.Machine, strings.Join(f.Trusted, ", "), strings.Join(ways, "; ")),
+		Headline: "Root without you on " + f.Machine,
+		Needs:    "choose how programs working for you on " + f.Machine + " stop becoming root without asking you.",
+		Explanation: "The modules that prove your answers from your phone run on " + f.Machine + ", and a program " +
+			"working for you there can become root without asking you, so it could answer in your name. Until " +
+			"that changes, answers from your phone can only acknowledge.",
+		Resolved: "Nothing on " + f.Machine + " becomes root without you any more"}}
+}
+
+// probeAgentRoot is the probe: every machine a module of its own account runs on, judged.
+func probeAgentRoot(ctx context.Context, d *doctor) ([]conditions.Observation, error) {
+	inv := d.open.inventory
+	entries, err := inv.Catalogued(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	facts := map[string]*agentRootFacts{}
+	agentOn, sudoOn := map[string]bool{}, map[string]bool{}
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		for _, node := range e.On {
+			switch {
+			case e.Manifest.RunsAs != "":
+				f := facts[node]
+				if f == nil {
+					f = &agentRootFacts{Machine: node, Answers: map[string]escalation{}}
+					facts[node] = f
+				}
+				f.Trusted = append(f.Trusted, e.Manifest.Module)
+			case e.Manifest.Module == agentModule:
+				agentOn[node] = true
+			case e.Manifest.Module == sudoModule:
+				sudoOn[node] = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	machines := make([]string, 0, len(facts))
+	for m := range facts {
+		machines = append(machines, m)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(machines)
+	var out []conditions.Observation
+	var unread []string
+	if len(machines) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	// Whether the login shell's execute is served where a trusted party runs (novox/hq ADR 0268): the
+	// holder's setting for that machine, and what the bus hears answered there. A discovery that could not be
+	// asked leaves only the setting, which is said: the probe then cannot show the verb withheld.
+	// A discovery that could not be asked counts execute as served (loginShellServed), and says so.
+	heard, derr := discoverSeatVerbs(ctx, d.js.Conn())
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if !e.Manifest.ClaimsSeat(loginShellSeat) {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, node := range e.On {
+			f := facts[node]
+			if f == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			var setting *any
+			if _, declared := e.Manifest.Settings[loginShellVerb]; declared {
+				layers, err := inv.SettingsFor(ctx, node, e.Manifest.Module)
+				if err != nil {
+					f.LoginShell, f.LoginShellWhy = true, e.Manifest.Module+"'s setting there could not be read: "+err.Error()
+					continue
+				}
+				for _, s := range catalogue.Effective(e.Manifest, layers) {
+					if s.Key == loginShellVerb {
+						v := s.Value
+						setting = &v
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			f.LoginShell, f.LoginShellWhy = loginShellServed(e.Manifest.Module, claimServes(e.Manifest, loginShellSeat, loginShellVerb),
+				setting, heard[loginShellSeat][loginShellVerb][node], derr == nil)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		f := facts[m]
+		record, err := inv.NodeByName(ctx, m)
+		if err != nil {
+			unread = append(unread, m+": "+err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+		f.Runtime = record.Account
+		if agentOn[m] {
+			f.Agent = record.Account
+			if a, err := link.AskModuleToolOn(ctx, d.js.Conn(), agentModule, agentStatusTool, m, map[string]any{}, 10*time.Second); err == nil && a.Error == "" {
+				var status struct {
+					AgentAccount string `json:"agent_account"`
+				}
+				if json.Unmarshal(a.Result, &status) == nil && status.AgentAccount != "" {
+					f.Agent, f.AgentNamed = status.AgentAccount, true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if !sudoOn[m] {
+			unread = append(unread, m+": the sudo module is not assigned there, so who can become root is not measured")
+			continue
+		}
+		var accounts []string
+		for _, a := range []string{f.Agent, f.Runtime} {
+			if a != "" && !slices.Contains(accounts, a) {
+				accounts = append(accounts, a)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(accounts) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		a, err := link.AskModuleToolOn(ctx, d.js.Conn(), sudoModule, sudoEscalation, m, map[string]any{"accounts": accounts}, 15*time.Second)
+		if err == nil && a.Error != "" {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("%s", a.Error)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			unread = append(unread, m+": "+err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+		var answers []escalation
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(a.Result, &answers); err != nil {
+			unread = append(unread, m+": the sudo module's answer could not be read: "+err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, e := range answers {
+			f.Answers[e.Account] = e
+		}
+		out = append(out, agentRootObservations(*f)...)
+	}
+	// Each machine whose measure failed is said as not measured, the same condition: never a pass.
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		var why []string
+		for _, u := range unread {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(u, m+": ") {
+				why = append(why, strings.TrimPrefix(u, m+": "))
+			}
+		}
+		if len(why) > 0 {
+			out = append(out, agentRootUnmeasured(*facts[m], strings.Join(why, "; ")))
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// agentRootUnmeasured is the condition of a machine where a trusted party runs and who can become root was
+// not measured: urgent, like a measured yes, because the router believes a proof only where it is a no.
+func agentRootUnmeasured(f agentRootFacts, why string) conditions.Observation {
+	trusted := append([]string(nil), f.Trusted...)
+	sort.Strings(trusted)
+	return conditions.Observation{Scope: conditions.ScopeMachine, ID: f.Machine, Token: kindAgentRoot,
+		Machine: f.Machine, Kind: kindAgentRoot, Severity: conditions.Urgent,
+		Summary: fmt.Sprintf("whether an agent can become root on %s without a person is not measured, where %s "+
+			"run as accounts of their own; until it is, the router approves nothing proven there (novox/hq ADR "+
+			"0259 §8): %s", f.Machine, strings.Join(trusted, ", "), why),
+		Headline: "Root not checked on " + f.Machine,
+		Needs:    "let the mesh check who can become root on " + f.Machine + ": assign the sudo module there, or bring it back.",
+		Explanation: "The modules that prove your answers from your phone run on " + f.Machine + ", and the mesh " +
+			"could not check whether a program working for you there can become root without asking you. Until " +
+			"it can, answers from your phone can only acknowledge.",
+		Resolved: "The mesh checks who can become root on " + f.Machine + " again"}
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/probe_agent_root_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/conditions"
+)
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8, rule 3: the probe fails today — agents run as the operator's account, which has
+// passwordless sudo, and the login shell runs their commands as it — and passes only once neither holds.
+func TestAnAgentAbleToBecomeRootWhereTheRouterRunsIsSaid(t *testing.T) {
+	root := escalation{Root: true, Why: "(ALL : ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL"}
+	none := escalation{Why: "no rule lets it without a password"}
+	base := func() agentRootFacts {
+		return agentRootFacts{Machine: "anchor", Trusted: []string{"telegram", "messenger"}, Runtime: "ops",
+			Answers: map[string]escalation{}}
+	}
+
+	today := base()
+	today.Agent, today.LoginShell = "ops", true
+	today.Answers["ops"] = root
+	got := agentRootObservations(today)
+	if len(got) != 1 || got[0].Severity != conditions.Urgent || got[0].Kind != kindAgentRoot ||
+		!strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "the operator's account") || !strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "the login shell") {
+		t.Fatalf("today: %+v", got)
+	}
+
+	agentsMoved := base()
+	agentsMoved.Agent, agentsMoved.AgentNamed, agentsMoved.LoginShell = "agents", true, true
+	agentsMoved.Answers["agents"], agentsMoved.Answers["ops"] = none, root
+	if got := agentRootObservations(agentsMoved); len(got) != 1 || strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "agents (") ||
+		!strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "the login shell") {
+		t.Errorf("agents of their own account, the login shell still the runtime's: %+v", got)
+	}
+
+	closed := base()
+	closed.Agent, closed.AgentNamed = "agents", true
+	closed.Answers["agents"], closed.Answers["ops"] = none, root
+	if got := agentRootObservations(closed); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("agents of their own account and no login shell there: %+v", got)
+	}
+
+	noAgents := base()
+	noAgents.Answers["ops"] = root
+	if got := agentRootObservations(noAgents); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("no agent runs there and no login shell is held: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// Its words are plain, as every condition's are (novox/hq ADR 0253).
+func TestTheRootConditionIsSaidInPlainWords(t *testing.T) {
+	f := agentRootFacts{Machine: "anchor", Trusted: []string{"telegram"}, Runtime: "ops", Agent: "ops",
+		Answers: map[string]escalation{"ops": {Root: true, Why: "x"}}}
+	o := agentRootObservations(f)[0]
+	if why, ok := conditions.PlainWords(conditions.Words{Headline: o.Headline, Explanation: o.Explanation,
+		Needs: o.Needs, Resolved: o.Resolved}, "anchor"); !ok {
+		t.Errorf("not plain: %s", why)
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0268: the login shell counts only where its execute is served, and fails closed — the holder's
+// setting resolving to anything but serve and the bus hearing no execute there is the one way it is withheld.
+func TestTheLoginShellCountsOnlyWhereExecuteIsServed(t *testing.T) {
+	val := func(v any) *any { return &v }
+	cases := []struct {
+		name          string
+		claims        bool
+		setting       *any
+		heard, asked  bool
+		served        bool
+		saysInTheWhys string
+	}{
+		{"withheld by the setting and silent on the bus", true, val("withhold"), false, true, false, ""},
+		{"withheld by the setting, the machine not yet pushed", true, val("withhold"), true, true, true, "the bus hears"},
+		{"the setting serves", true, val("serve"), false, true, true, "setting there is serve"},
+		{"a wrong value withholds, as the holder does", true, val("Serve"), false, true, false, ""},
+		{"the setting withholds, the bus could not be asked", true, val("withhold"), false, false, true, "could not be asked"},
+		{"a holder with no such setting that claims execute", true, nil, false, true, true, "claims execute"},
+		{"a holder with no such setting that does not claim it, heard all the same", false, nil, true, true, true, "the bus hears"},
+		{"a holder with no such setting that does not claim it, silent", false, nil, false, true, false, ""},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		served, why := loginShellServed("zsh", c.claims, c.setting, c.heard, c.asked)
+		if served != c.served || (c.saysInTheWhys != "" && !strings.Contains(why, c.saysInTheWhys)) {
+			t.Errorf("%s: served %v (%q), want %v saying %q", c.name, served, why, c.served, c.saysInTheWhys)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// The control-node with execute withheld and agents of their own account: nothing is said.
+	f := agentRootFacts{Machine: "anchor", Trusted: []string{"telegram"}, Runtime: "ops", Agent: "agents", AgentNamed: true,
+		Answers: map[string]escalation{"ops": {Root: true, Why: "NOPASSWD"}, "agents": {Why: "none"}}}
+	f.LoginShell, f.LoginShellWhy = loginShellServed("zsh", true, val("withhold"), false, true)
+	if got := agentRootObservations(f); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("execute withheld and agents confined: %+v", got)
+	}
+	// Withheld in the setting, still answered on the bus: said, with why.
+	f.LoginShell, f.LoginShellWhy = loginShellServed("zsh", true, val("withhold"), true, true)
+	if got := agentRootObservations(f); len(got) != 1 || !strings.Contains(got[0].Summary, "the bus hears execute answered there") {
+		t.Errorf("execute still answered: %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// hq ADR 0259 §8 as amended on 2026-10-09: a machine where a trusted party runs and who can become root is not
+// measured raises the same urgent condition, so the router, which reads the condition, approves nothing there.
+func TestRootNotMeasuredWhereTheRouterRunsIsSaidAndNeverAPass(t *testing.T) {
+	o := agentRootUnmeasured(agentRootFacts{Machine: "anchor", Trusted: []string{"telegram", "messenger"}},
+		"the sudo module is not assigned there, so who can become root is not measured")
+	if o.Kind != kindAgentRoot || o.Severity != conditions.Urgent || o.Machine != "anchor" ||
+		!strings.Contains(o.Summary, "not measured") || !strings.Contains(o.Summary, "messenger, telegram") {
+		t.Errorf("%+v", o)
+	}
+	if why, ok := conditions.PlainWords(conditions.Words{Headline: o.Headline, Explanation: o.Explanation,
+		Needs: o.Needs, Resolved: o.Resolved}, "anchor"); !ok {
+		t.Errorf("not plain: %s", why)
+	}
+	// The same key as a measured yes, so the router's one rule reads both.
+	measured := agentRootObservations(agentRootFacts{Machine: "anchor", Trusted: []string{"telegram"}, Runtime: "ops",
+		Agent: "ops", Answers: map[string]escalation{"ops": {Root: true, Why: "x"}}})[0]
+	if o.Key() != measured.Key() {
+		t.Errorf("keys differ: %s, %s", o.Key(), measured.Key())
+	}
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/probes.go

@@ -637,31 +637,8 @@ const (
 // discoverHolders asks the bus's discovery who serves what, and answers seat → machine for every
 // endpoint a seat's verb is served on.
 func discoverHolders(ctx context.Context, conn *nats.Conn) (map[string]map[string]bool, error) {
-	inbox := conn.NewRespInbox()
-	sub, err := conn.SubscribeSync(inbox)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = sub.Unsubscribe() }()
-	if err := conn.PublishRequest("$SRV.INFO", inbox, nil); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("asking the bus who serves what: %w", err)
-	}
 	out := map[string]map[string]bool{}
-	deadline := time.Now().Add(discoveryPatience)
+	err := discoverServices(ctx, conn, func(info micro.Info) {
-	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
-		wait, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, discoveryQuiet)
-		msg, err := sub.NextMsgWithContext(wait)
-		cancel()
-		if err != nil {
-			if ctx.Err() != nil {
-				return nil, ctx.Err()
-			}
-			break
-		}
-		var info micro.Info
-		if json.Unmarshal(msg.Data, &info) != nil {
-			continue
-		}
 		for _, e := range info.Endpoints {
 			seat, node := e.Metadata["seat"], e.Metadata["node"]
 			if seat == "" {
@@ -680,8 +657,69 @@ func discoverHolders(ctx context.Context, conn *nats.Conn) (map[string]map[strin
 			out[info.Name] = map[string]bool{}
 		}
 		out[info.Name][info.ID] = true
+	})
+	return out, err
+}
+
+// discoverSeatVerbs asks the bus's discovery the same, one level finer: seat → verb → machine, for every
+// seat verb answered (an endpoint's `tool` is its verb). A seat held where a verb is withheld (novox/hq ADR
+// 0268) shows the seat and not that verb.
+func discoverSeatVerbs(ctx context.Context, conn *nats.Conn) (map[string]map[string]map[string]bool, error) {
+	out := map[string]map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	err := discoverServices(ctx, conn, func(info micro.Info) {
+		for _, e := range info.Endpoints {
+			seat, verb, node := e.Metadata["seat"], e.Metadata["tool"], e.Metadata["node"]
+			if seat == "" || verb == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			if node == "" {
+				node = info.ID
+			}
+			if out[seat] == nil {
+				out[seat] = map[string]map[string]bool{}
+			}
+			if out[seat][verb] == nil {
+				out[seat][verb] = map[string]bool{}
+			}
+			out[seat][verb][node] = true
+		}
+	})
+	return out, err
+}
+
+// discoverServices asks the bus's discovery once and hands every service's answer to visit, waiting
+// discoveryQuiet after the last and discoveryPatience at the most.
+func discoverServices(ctx context.Context, conn *nats.Conn, visit func(micro.Info)) error {
+	if conn == nil {
+		return errors.New("the controller holds no connection to the bus")
 	}
-	return out, nil
+	inbox := conn.NewRespInbox()
+	sub, err := conn.SubscribeSync(inbox)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = sub.Unsubscribe() }()
+	if err := conn.PublishRequest("$SRV.INFO", inbox, nil); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("asking the bus who serves what: %w", err)
+	}
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(discoveryPatience)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		wait, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, discoveryQuiet)
+		msg, err := sub.NextMsgWithContext(wait)
+		cancel()
+		if err != nil {
+			if ctx.Err() != nil {
+				return ctx.Err()
+			}
+			break
+		}
+		var info micro.Info
+		if json.Unmarshal(msg.Data, &info) != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		visit(info)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // probeArchives is D4: every archive the mesh keeps is held by its manifest in the artifact store.

cmd/mesh-controller/seats.go

@@ -135,6 +135,12 @@ func handOver(ctx context.Context, seatName, to string, adding bool) error {
 	if !ok || nodeName == "" || module == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("the new holder is named <node>/<module>, not %q", to)
 	}
+	// A kinded bench is held once per kind, by the claims themselves (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2, ADR 0259): the
+	// record of who holds a seat has no kind, so a handover would name one holder for every kind.
+	if catalogue.KindedBenches[seatName] {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s is a kinded bench: each kind is held by the module claiming it, and is not handed "+
+			"over by `seat` — assign the module that claims the kind, or unassign the one that does", seatName)
+	}
 	open, err := openStores(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err

cmd/mesh-controller/seats_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/catalogue"
@@ -62,3 +64,13 @@ func TestAClaimOutsideTheSetIsShownNotHidden(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("a claim outside the set was not shown: %+v", outside)
 	}
 }
+
+// A kinded bench is not handed over by `seat`: each kind is held by its claim (novox/hq ADR 0259).
+func TestAKindedBenchIsNotHandedOver(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, bench := range []string{"channel", "intake"} {
+		err := handOver(context.Background(), bench, "anchor/telegram", false)
+		if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "is a kinded bench") {
+			t.Errorf("%s: %v", bench, err)
+		}
+	}
+}

cmd/mesh-controller/signals.go

@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ func watchWaits(f *signalFacts) []conditions.Observation {
 			Headline:    deliveryName(w.modules, w.repository) + " waiting to start",
 			Explanation: walkWaitingWords(w, in, severity),
 			Needs:       waitingNeeds(severity),
+			Actions:     waitingActions(w.id, severity),
 			Resolved:    deliveryName(w.modules, w.repository) + " no longer waiting"})
 	}
 	return out

cmd/mesh-controller/watchdogs.go

@@ -700,6 +700,9 @@ func watchTheMesh(ctx context.Context, open *stores, server *link.Server, bus li
 	// under the lease and the brake, every act said.
 	healers := newHealing(open, keeper, bus, server.JetStream())
 	go healers.keep(watching)
+	// And the asker (novox/hq ADR 0259): what needs the operator and names its answers is asked of them,
+	// and the answer chosen is performed on its warrant.
+	startAsking(watching, open, server, bus.Conn, keeper)
 	go forgettingOldHeals(watching, open.inventory)
 	fmt.Printf("watching the mesh: %d signal(s) every %s, %d probe(s) every %s; what is wrong is kept in %s "+
 		"and said as %s events\n", len(watchedRows()), watchEvery, len(runnableProbes()), doctorEvery,

go.mod

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ module github.com/novox/mesh-controller
 go 1.26.0
 
 require (
+	git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261009081503-d4077b473ea8
 	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.10.0
+	github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.11.17
 	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.54.0
 	github.com/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0
@@ -19,10 +21,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.20.0 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.11.17 // indirect
 	github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.16 // indirect
 	github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.6.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.23.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.48.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.42.0 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261006095519-3e80b7ae325e h1:g9h4QRaAMg5yaJLwqtb0FoOs23DVGUYpW6qvnQ3oY5A=
-git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261006095519-3e80b7ae325e/go.mod h1:VlilMCRZ5yyNXg7SNigNBLr0Gt32jrGw5KSNq5JAVYs=
-git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261007120832-bdd44154ccac h1:KvnKtJ2rWeIE/t4GweK+JL0OjKSNxsrVP3/nMdpii8o=
-git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261007120832-bdd44154ccac/go.mod h1:VlilMCRZ5yyNXg7SNigNBLr0Gt32jrGw5KSNq5JAVYs=
 git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261007162834-56e2ebec4bac h1:yLtFS0pDCCqIE9Zx8hgXEFG9fUWzf8L9WQoKV+Amk1E=
 git.novox.be/novox/mesh-host v0.0.0-20261007162834-56e2ebec4bac/go.mod h1:VlilMCRZ5yyNXg7SNigNBLr0Gt32jrGw5KSNq5JAVYs=
+git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261008162031-55090da7e08f h1:BNvyWq899GwP7F3sY4ACieB5a5fnFAq+sJ9lP6HQ5qI=
+git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261008162031-55090da7e08f/go.mod h1:GFuZUElBZ9A++mxgIKo97aXXo+kV0uJ/UkbhQPPIbrY=
+git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261009081503-d4077b473ea8 h1:soqhLNpEXThdq6PdiPy6ExxjJ+yjhh1N1n9E3j1CtrM=
+git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261009081503-d4077b473ea8/go.mod h1:GFuZUElBZ9A++mxgIKo97aXXo+kV0uJ/UkbhQPPIbrY=
 github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.7.0-default-no-op h1:Z/MZK75wC/NSrkgqeNIa7jexam9uWzhLmFTSCPI/kn0=
 github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.7.0-default-no-op/go.mod h1:FQyySiasQQM8735Ddel3MRojmy4dA1IqCeyJ5jmPMbI=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UV
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu7U=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
-go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.6.0 h1:O3y2/QNTOdbF+e/dpXNNW7Rx2hZ4sTIPyybbxyNqTUs=
-go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.6.0/go.mod h1:ifeIMSnPZuznNm6jmdzmU3/bfk01Fe2fotchwEFJ8r8=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0 h1:3ZVCjf8Ggz7zneR/EHRVx68Ctf+2pmIMP2UFhh9cC6M=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0/go.mod h1:Fdz0i5U6CoizGwLda9DttjSk6qlZo25zYNtR+ycvuZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.58.0 h1:ynWG7rqYi4ccpTEuPZ2QGWHktVEM9DMCj9yzDE0Q7To=

internal/broker/controller_asks_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package broker
+
+import (
+	"slices"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §6: the controller asks the operator through the router's seat as any user of it, under
+// its own name, hears its own warrants, reads its own record, and calls the verbs a warrant chooses.
+func TestTheControllerAsksUnderItsOwnNameAndCallsTheVerbsAWarrantChooses(t *testing.T) {
+	records := Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{"anchor": {
+		{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}},
+	}}}
+	users, err := Users(records)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := perms(t, users[0])
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-controller",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.cancel.mesh-controller",
+		"$JS.API.DIRECT.GET.KV_messenger_asks.$KV.messenger_asks.mesh-controller.c1",
+		"mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.release", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.stop",
+		"mesh.seat.node-service-manager.tool.restart.g14", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.tool.plans",
+	} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("the controller may not publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-delivery",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-controller",
+		// (A direct get of another asker's record is not refused here: the controller holds the whole
+		// JetStream API, as the only writer of stream definitions.)
+		"mesh.seat.node-service-manager.tool.stop.g14",
+	} {
+		if allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("the controller may publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed(got.Subscribe, DecidedSubject) || allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery") {
+		t.Error("the controller does not hear exactly its own warrants")
+	}
+	// Its events consumer carries them, so a controller that was away hears what was decided meanwhile.
+	if !slices.Contains(ControllerFollows, DecidedSubject) {
+		t.Error("the controller does not follow its warrants")
+	}
+	// Without a holder of the seat it is granted no ask at all.
+	alone, _ := Users(Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{}})
+	if allowed(perms(t, alone[0]).Publish, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-controller") {
+		t.Error("asked a seat nobody holds")
+	}
+}

internal/broker/controller_buckets.go

@@ -34,8 +34,15 @@ var (
 	// LeaseBucket holds the controller's lease (to-be 45 §6): one key, `holder`, which the instance
 	// allowed to act writes by compare-and-set and renews; its revision when taken is the epoch.
 	LeaseBucket = BucketName(ControllerSeat, "lease")
+	// AskedBucket keeps what the controller asked the operator about its conditions (novox/hq ADR 0259):
+	// each ask by its id, its options and the actions they stand for, how it ended and whether the
+	// controller acted on its warrant — so a restart neither asks twice nor acts twice.
+	AskedBucket = BucketName(ControllerSeat, "asked")
 )
 
+// AskedKeptFor is how long an ask is kept after it was made: a month, as the router keeps its own.
+const AskedKeptFor = 30 * 24 * time.Hour
+
 // LeaseTTL is how long the lease's key lives unrenewed (to-be 45 §6): fifteen seconds, renewed
 // every five. The bucket's age, so the bus forgets a holder that stopped renewing.
 const LeaseTTL = 15 * time.Second
@@ -59,12 +66,12 @@ const (
 // IsControllerBucket says a bucket is the controller's own, not a module's state nothing declares.
 func IsControllerBucket(bucket string) bool {
 	return bucket == CallsBucket || bucket == HandActsBucket || bucket == ConditionsBucket ||
-		bucket == ConditionHistoryBucket || bucket == LeaseBucket
+		bucket == ConditionHistoryBucket || bucket == LeaseBucket || bucket == AskedBucket
 }
 
 // ControllerBuckets are the controller's own buckets, in the order they are asserted.
 func ControllerBuckets() []string {
-	return []string{LeaseBucket, CallsBucket, HandActsBucket, ConditionsBucket, ConditionHistoryBucket}
+	return []string{LeaseBucket, CallsBucket, HandActsBucket, ConditionsBucket, ConditionHistoryBucket, AskedBucket}
 }
 
 // ControllerBucketsAsserter is what raising the controller's buckets needs of a connection.
@@ -149,6 +156,18 @@ func (j *JetStream) EnsureControllerBuckets() error {
 	}); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("asserting bucket %s: %w", ConditionHistoryBucket, err)
 	}
+	if _, err := js.CreateOrUpdateKeyValue(ctx, jetstream.KeyValueConfig{
+		Bucket: AskedBucket,
+		Description: "what the controller asked the operator about its conditions, and what came of each (novox/hq " +
+			"ADR 0259): written by the controller alone; an ask acted on is acted on once",
+		History:      1,
+		TTL:          AskedKeptFor,
+		MaxValueSize: 32 << 10,
+		MaxBytes:     32 << 20,
+		Storage:      jetstream.FileStorage,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("asserting bucket %s: %w", AskedBucket, err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 

internal/broker/controller_buckets_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 package broker
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go/jetstream"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/testbus"
 )
 
 // **The controller may write every bucket it writes** (novox/hq to-be 45 §1, issue 269). Writing a
@@ -59,3 +65,34 @@ func TestTheWatchedSignalsMayBeSaidAndHeard(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("the controller may not ask who answers, or hears every API call")
 	}
 }
+
+// The controller's record of what it asked the operator is bounded (correctness review of 2026-10-08): one
+// value a key, a month's age, and a size it cannot outgrow.
+func TestWhatTheControllerAskedIsBounded(t *testing.T) {
+	js, err := Dial(testbus.URL(t))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer js.Close()
+	if err := js.EnsureControllerBuckets(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	kv, err := jetstream.New(js.Conn())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	bucket, err := kv.KeyValue(ctx, AskedBucket)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	status, err := bucket.Status(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	info := status.(*jetstream.KeyValueBucketStatus).StreamInfo()
+	if status.History() != 1 || status.TTL() != AskedKeptFor || info.Config.MaxBytes <= 0 || info.Config.MaxBytes > 64<<20 {
+		t.Errorf("history %d, age %s, bytes %d", status.History(), status.TTL(), info.Config.MaxBytes)
+	}
+}

internal/broker/derived.go

@@ -126,7 +126,9 @@ func ConsumerFor(p Principal) (Consumer, bool) {
 	// A module that reacts to anything — a module's events or a role's (novox/hq ADR 0121). Watching
 	// a role was missing here, so the one module that does it got no consumer at all: it started,
 	// connected, and its graph stayed empty with nothing anywhere reporting why.
-	if p.Kind != KindModule || (len(p.Consumes) == 0 && len(p.Watches) == 0) {
+	// And one that hears its own answers on a seat it uses (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3): an asker's warrants.
+	hearsItsOwn := len(SeatTrafficOf(p.Module, nil, p.Uses, nil).Subscribe) > 0
+	if p.Kind != KindModule || (len(p.Consumes) == 0 && len(p.Watches) == 0 && !hearsItsOwn) {
 		return Consumer{}, false
 	}
 	perms, err := PermissionsFor(p)

internal/broker/membership.go

@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ type Membership struct {
 	// and refuses, with the reason, what is not on it — the bus enforces only the union over every
 	// module on the machine.
 	State []StateIssued `json:"state,omitempty"`
+	// SeatTraffic is what this module's code may submit, say, hear, take, ask, answer and read on seats
+	// that name their caller or their kind (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3). The runtime carrying the module
+	// publishes, takes and answers for it only what is listed here: the bus enforces only the union
+	// over every module on the machine, so one module's code reaching another's name or kind through
+	// the runtime is the runtime's to refuse.
+	SeatTraffic *SeatTraffic `json:"seat-traffic,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Served is one address a tool is answered on.
@@ -78,6 +84,8 @@ type Placements struct {
 	// Interchangeable is each module whose definition says its instances are the same anywhere,
 	// so the module's plain subject is issued to all of them in one queue.
 	Interchangeable map[string]bool
+	// Kinds is every kind held of a kinded bench, by whom and with what capabilities (ADR 0259 §5).
+	Kinds []KindHeld
 }
 
 // AnswersForTheModule says whether an instance of a module on one machine is issued the module's
@@ -109,6 +117,20 @@ func MembershipFor(node string, d Declared, where Placements) Membership {
 		}
 	}
 	m.State = stateIssuedFor(d, node)
+	t := SeatTrafficOf(d.Module, d.Holds, d.Uses, d.Watches)
+	for _, s := range append(append([]Seat{}, d.Uses...), d.Watches...) {
+		if !s.Kinded {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, k := range where.Kinds {
+			if k.Seat == s.Name && !kindListed(t.Kinds, k) {
+				t.Kinds = append(t.Kinds, k)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(t.Publish)+len(t.Subscribe)+len(t.Answers)+len(t.Workers)+len(t.Records)+len(t.Kinds) > 0 {
+		m.SeatTraffic = &t
+	}
 	if len(d.Invokes) > 0 {
 		m.Reaches = map[string][]string{}
 		for _, t := range d.Invokes {
@@ -145,5 +167,48 @@ func PlacementsOf(r Records, interchangeable map[string]bool) Placements {
 	for _, nodes := range p.Nodes {
 		sort.Strings(nodes)
 	}
+	for node, declared := range r.Assigned {
+		for _, d := range declared {
+			for _, s := range d.Holds {
+				if s.Kinded && s.Kind != "" {
+					p.Kinds = append(p.Kinds, KindHeld{Seat: s.Name, Kind: s.Kind, Module: d.Module, Node: node,
+						Capabilities: placedCapabilities(s.Capabilities, d.RunsAs)})
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Slice(p.Kinds, func(i, j int) bool {
+		a, b := p.Kinds[i], p.Kinds[j]
+		if a.Seat != b.Seat {
+			return a.Seat < b.Seat
+		}
+		if a.Kind != b.Kind {
+			return a.Kind < b.Kind
+		}
+		return a.Node < b.Node
+	})
 	return p
 }
+
+// placedCapabilities is what a kind's claim promises, as far as its placement lets the router believe it
+// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): `verified-sender` only from a holder that runs as an account of its own, on a bus
+// account of its own — never one the machine's runtime carries as the operator's account.
+func placedCapabilities(declared []string, runsAs string) []string {
+	var out []string
+	for _, c := range declared {
+		if c == "verified-sender" && runsAs == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, c)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func kindListed(list []KindHeld, k KindHeld) bool {
+	for _, x := range list {
+		if x.Seat == k.Seat && x.Kind == k.Kind && x.Module == k.Module && x.Node == k.Node {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

internal/broker/nats.go

@@ -63,6 +63,23 @@ type Seat struct {
 	Emits    []string
 	Serves   []string
 	Versions []string // protocol versions served beside the current one; empty for v1 only
+
+	// Kinded says the seat is a kinded bench (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2, ADR 0259 §3): each holder claims one
+	// kind, and its verbs' subjects carry it. Kind is the kind this principal's claim names, for a seat it
+	// holds.
+	Kinded bool
+	Kind   string
+	// ByCaller are the accepts and emits whose last token names the calling module (ADR 0259 §3).
+	ByCaller []string
+	// Proofs are the seat's proof verbs: core request and reply, never on a stream (ADR 0259 §3).
+	Proofs []string
+	// Records are the holder's buckets, by their full name, each user reads under its own name.
+	Records []string
+	// Capabilities are what this principal's claim of a kinded bench promises (ADR 0234 §2).
+	Capabilities []string
+	// DeclaredBy is the module that declares the seat. On a kinded bench it alone submits work to a kind
+	// and answers its proofs (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): the router, not any user or watcher of the bench.
+	DeclaredBy string
 }
 
 // A Principal is one user of the bus. Its permissions are derived from what it declares and
@@ -169,8 +186,17 @@ var VerbsTheBusStepAsks = []SeatVerb{{Seat: "node-backup", Verb: "now"}}
 // VerbsTheControllerAsksTheDeliveryOwner are the mesh-delivery seat's verbs the controller calls (novox/hq
 // ADR 0239): its self-check reads `stalled`, and healer H2 takes the one transition the table allows
 // through `close`. A mesh seat's verb is flat: no machine in the subject.
+//
+// And, since novox/hq ADR 0259, `release` and `stop`: the controller asks the operator for them about a
+// delivery held past its bound, and calls them on the operator's warrant, with its why.
 var VerbsTheControllerAsksTheDeliveryOwner = []SeatVerb{{Seat: "mesh-delivery", Verb: "stalled"},
-	{Seat: "mesh-delivery", Verb: "close"}}
+	{Seat: "mesh-delivery", Verb: "close"}, {Seat: "mesh-delivery", Verb: "release"}, {Seat: "mesh-delivery", Verb: "stop"}}
+
+// VerbsTheControllerActsOnAWarrant are the other seat verbs the controller calls when the operator's warrant
+// chooses them (novox/hq ADR 0259): a machine's service restarted, and a walk started or stopped through the
+// controller's own `plans`. Named one by one; a node seat's on any machine, a mesh seat's flat.
+var VerbsTheControllerActsOnAWarrant = []SeatVerb{{Seat: "node-service-manager", Verb: "restart"},
+	{Seat: ControllerSeat, Verb: "plans"}}
 
 // perMachineEvents are a node-scoped seat's events about the holder itself, whose last token is the
 // holder's machine (novox/hq ADR 0219): `paused.<node>`, the build agent saying whether it takes work.
@@ -370,6 +396,20 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 		for _, v := range VerbsTheControllerAsksTheDeliveryOwner {
 			pub = append(pub, "mesh.seat."+v.Seat+".tool."+v.Verb)
 		}
+		// And the verbs a warrant chooses (novox/hq ADR 0259): a node seat's on any machine, its own flat.
+		for _, v := range VerbsTheControllerActsOnAWarrant {
+			if v.Seat == ControllerSeat {
+				pub = append(pub, "mesh.seat."+v.Seat+".tool."+v.Verb)
+				continue
+			}
+			pub = append(pub, "mesh.seat."+v.Seat+".tool."+v.Verb+".*")
+		}
+		// And asking the operator (novox/hq ADR 0259): an ask and its cancel under its own name, its warrants
+		// heard under its own name, the record of its asks read under its own name — as any user of the seat,
+		// derived the same way, from the seat its holder declares.
+		tp, ts := SeatTrafficOf(ControllerSeat, nil, p.Uses, nil).grants()
+		pub = append(pub, tp...)
+		sub = append(sub, ts...)
 		// And asks who answers (novox/hq to-be 45 §4, D3): the self-check finds every seat's holder by
 		// the same discovery the console reads. The question only; the answers come to its own inbox.
 		pub = append(pub, "$SRV.INFO")
@@ -530,6 +570,9 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 		// 2b. Events of a role it watches, under the seat's own namespace. Subscribe only: watching a
 		//     role is hearing what it announced, not taking part in it.
 		for _, w := range p.Watches {
+			if w.Kinded {
+				continue // composed by SeatTrafficOf below
+			}
 			for _, e := range w.Emits {
 				sub = append(sub, seatSubject(w, "event", e))
 			}
@@ -548,6 +591,13 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 
 		// 3. Seats it holds: full participation.
 		for _, s := range p.Holds {
+			if s.isNewTraffic() {
+				// Composed by SeatTrafficOf below, worker and all; only its tools are served here.
+				for _, t := range s.Serves {
+					sub = append(sub, seatToolSubject(s, t, p.Node))
+				}
+				continue
+			}
 			// Taking work from the role's queue: the worker consumer every holder shares (asked
 			// about, pulled from, acknowledged), on the seat's own stream (novox/hq ADR 0190). A
 			// holder pulls — asks the consumer for its next message, answered on its own inbox —
@@ -590,7 +640,7 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 		//    seat's inbound subject and watch other modules' traffic, nor publish its outbound
 		//    events and lie about outcomes (design 29 §2).
 		for _, s := range p.Uses {
-			for _, a := range s.Accepts {
+			for _, a := range plainVerbs(s, s.Accepts) {
 				pub = append(pub, seatSubject(s, "accept", a))
 			}
 			for _, t := range s.Serves {
@@ -603,6 +653,12 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 		pub = append(pub, stateGrants(stateAccess{Module: p.Module, Node: p.Node, Keeps: p.State,
 			PerMachine: p.PerMachine, Reads: p.Reads, KeyedReads: p.KeyedReads})...)
 
+		// 6. Its traffic on seats that name their caller or their kind, ask proofs or keep records
+		//    (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3).
+		tp, ts := SeatTrafficOf(p.Module, p.Holds, p.Uses, p.Watches).grants()
+		pub = append(pub, tp...)
+		sub = append(sub, ts...)
+
 	case KindNodeTools:
 		// **One process serves what every module on the machine would have served for itself**
 		// (novox/hq ADR 0175). Each carried module's whole tool namespace — the same grant that
@@ -680,6 +736,25 @@ func PermissionsFor(p Principal) (Permissions, error) {
 			pub = append(pub, stateGrants(stateAccess{Module: d.Module, Node: p.Node, Keeps: stateNames(d.State),
 				PerMachine: perMachineNames(d.State), Reads: d.Reads, KeyedReads: d.KeyedReads})...)
 		}
+		// **Never the traffic of a trusted holder** (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): the machine's runtime runs as the
+		// operator's account, which every agent runs as, so a module saying warrants or speaking for a kind
+		// that proves its sender is never composed into it — refused here, naming it, whatever registration
+		// let through.
+		for _, d := range p.Carries {
+			if why := trustedTraffic(d); why != "" {
+				return Permissions{}, fmt.Errorf("%s on %s is carried by the machine's runtime, and %s: it runs "+
+					"as an account of its own, never the runtime's (novox/hq ADR 0259)", d.Module, p.Node, why)
+			}
+		}
+		// **And the seat traffic of the modules it carries** (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3): a bundle reaches the
+		// bus only through its runtime, so the runtime is granted the union. That one module's code does
+		// not publish under another's name or kind through it is the runtime's to keep, from the seat
+		// traffic each module's membership lists.
+		for _, d := range p.Carries {
+			tp, ts := SeatTrafficOf(d.Module, d.Holds, d.Uses, d.Watches).grants()
+			pub = append(pub, tp...)
+			sub = append(sub, ts...)
+		}
 		sub = unique(sub)
 		pub = unique(pub)
 	}

internal/broker/seattraffic.go

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+package broker
+
+import "sort"
+
+// What a module may say and take on the seats it holds, uses and watches, beyond tools (novox/hq ADR
+// 0259 §3, to-be 46 §10).
+//
+// Three rules are added to the ones a seat always had, each a subject whose last token names who may
+// publish it, granted to that publisher alone — the way a node seat's event about a machine carries the
+// machine (ADR 0219):
+//
+//   - **A verb named by its caller** (`by-caller`). A user of the seat submits that accept, and hears that
+//     event, under its own module's name and no other: `accept.ask.<module>`, `event.decided.<module>`. The
+//     holder takes every caller's accept and says the event to any caller. So an ask's asker is a fact the
+//     server enforces, and a warrant reaches only the asker it is for.
+//   - **A kinded bench** (ADR 0234 §2). A holder claims one kind and takes its own kind's accepts, says its
+//     own kind's events and asks its own kind's proofs, and nothing of another kind; a user submits to any
+//     kind. Each kind has its own worker on the seat's queue, so a holder that is away keeps its work and
+//     holds up no other kind.
+//   - **A proof** (`proofs`): core request and reply on `mesh.seat.<seat>.proof.<verb>.<kind>`. No stream's
+//     subjects cover it, so what travels there — a code typed by the operator — is never persisted. A kinded
+//     holder asks with its own kind; the modules that watch the seat answer.
+//
+// And one read: **a holder's records**, a bucket the seat names, read by each user under its own name only
+// (`$KV.<bucket>.<module>.>`), so an asker reads the state of its own asks and no other asker's.
+
+// Worker is one durable consumer a holder pulls a seat's work from.
+type Worker struct {
+	Stream   string
+	Consumer string
+	Filter   string
+}
+
+// SeatTraffic is one module's seat traffic beyond tools. Publish and Subscribe are subject patterns, in the
+// server's wildcards; the runtime that carries the module checks a bundle's request against them, since
+// the runtime's own principal holds the union of every module it carries.
+type SeatTraffic struct {
+	// Publish is what it submits (accepts of seats it uses), says (events of seats it holds) and asks
+	// (proofs of seats it holds a kind of).
+	Publish []string `json:"publish,omitempty"`
+	// Subscribe is what it hears: events of seats it uses that are named by caller, events of seats it
+	// watches, and accepts of seats it holds.
+	Subscribe []string `json:"subscribe,omitempty"`
+	// Answers is the proof subjects it answers, as a watcher of a kinded seat.
+	Answers []string `json:"answers,omitempty"`
+	// Workers are the work queues it takes from, as a holder.
+	Workers []Worker `json:"workers,omitempty"`
+	// Records is the direct-get subjects of the records it reads under its own name.
+	Records []string `json:"records,omitempty"`
+	// Kinds are the holders of every kinded bench it uses or watches, with what each promises: the one
+	// account of which channel is which, and what it can carry, that the router judges an answer by. The
+	// controller's, from the claims, never a channel's word (novox/hq ADR 0259 §5).
+	Kinds []KindHeld `json:"kinds,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KindHeld is one kind of a kinded bench and who holds it.
+type KindHeld struct {
+	Seat         string   `json:"seat"`
+	Kind         string   `json:"kind"`
+	Module       string   `json:"module"`
+	Node         string   `json:"node"`
+	Capabilities []string `json:"capabilities,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KindedBenches are the seats that may be kinded (ADR 0234 §2): making another is a decision, recorded.
+var KindedBenches = map[string]bool{"channel": true, "intake": true}
+
+// WorkerName is the worker a seat's holders pull from: one for the seat, or one per kind on a kinded bench.
+func WorkerName(seat, kind string) string {
+	if kind == "" {
+		return "SEAT_" + upperSnake(seat) + "_worker"
+	}
+	return "SEAT_" + upperSnake(seat) + "_" + upperSnake(kind) + "_worker"
+}
+
+func namesVerb(list []string, s string) bool {
+	for _, x := range list {
+		if x == s {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// SeatTrafficOf derives one module's seat traffic from the seats it holds, uses and watches. Only seats
+// carrying one of the rules above are read: every other seat is composed as it always was.
+func SeatTrafficOf(module string, holds, uses, watches []Seat) SeatTraffic {
+	var t SeatTraffic
+	for _, s := range holds {
+		if !s.isNewTraffic() {
+			continue
+		}
+		kind := ""
+		if s.Kinded {
+			kind = s.Kind
+			if kind == "" || !safeSubject.MatchString(kind) {
+				// A kinded claim without a usable kind is refused at registration; here it is granted
+				// nothing, which is the same answer at the last place it could be asked.
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		if len(s.Accepts) > 0 {
+			stream := seatStreamName(s.Name)
+			filter := "mesh.seat." + s.Name + ".accept.>"
+			if kind != "" {
+				filter = "mesh.seat." + s.Name + ".accept.*." + kind
+			}
+			t.Workers = append(t.Workers, Worker{Stream: stream, Consumer: WorkerName(s.Name, kind), Filter: filter})
+		}
+		for _, a := range s.Accepts {
+			switch {
+			case kind != "":
+				t.Subscribe = append(t.Subscribe, seatSubject(s, "accept", a+"."+kind))
+			case namesVerb(s.ByCaller, a):
+				t.Subscribe = append(t.Subscribe, seatSubject(s, "accept", a+".*"))
+			}
+		}
+		for _, e := range s.Emits {
+			switch {
+			case kind != "":
+				t.Publish = append(t.Publish, seatSubject(s, "event", e+"."+kind))
+			case namesVerb(s.ByCaller, e):
+				t.Publish = append(t.Publish, seatSubject(s, "event", e+".*"))
+			}
+		}
+		if kind != "" {
+			for _, v := range s.Proofs {
+				t.Publish = append(t.Publish, seatSubject(s, "proof", v+"."+kind))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, s := range uses {
+		if !s.isNewTraffic() {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, a := range s.Accepts {
+			switch {
+			case namesVerb(s.ByCaller, a):
+				t.Publish = append(t.Publish, seatSubject(s, "accept", a+"."+module))
+			case s.Kinded && module == s.DeclaredBy:
+				// Work for a kind is put on its queue by the bench's own router, and by no other user.
+				t.Publish = append(t.Publish, seatSubject(s, "accept", a+".*"))
+			}
+		}
+		for _, e := range s.Emits {
+			if namesVerb(s.ByCaller, e) {
+				t.Subscribe = append(t.Subscribe, seatSubject(s, "event", e+"."+module))
+			}
+		}
+		for _, b := range s.Records {
+			if !safeSubject.MatchString(b) {
+				continue
+			}
+			t.Records = append(t.Records, "$JS.API.DIRECT.GET.KV_"+b+".$KV."+b+"."+module+".>")
+		}
+	}
+	for _, w := range watches {
+		if w.Kinded {
+			for _, e := range w.Emits {
+				t.Subscribe = append(t.Subscribe, seatSubject(w, "event", e+".*"))
+			}
+			if module == w.DeclaredBy {
+				// A code is answered by the bench's own router, and by no other watcher.
+				for _, v := range w.Proofs {
+					t.Answers = append(t.Answers, seatSubject(w, "proof", v+".*"))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	t.Publish = unique(t.Publish)
+	t.Subscribe = unique(t.Subscribe)
+	t.Answers = unique(t.Answers)
+	t.Records = unique(t.Records)
+	sort.Slice(t.Workers, func(i, j int) bool { return t.Workers[i].Consumer < t.Workers[j].Consumer })
+	return t
+}
+
+// grants is the bus permissions seat traffic needs: the subjects themselves, and the JetStream API a
+// worker is pulled and acknowledged through and a record is read through.
+func (t SeatTraffic) grants() (pub, sub []string) {
+	pub = append(pub, t.Publish...)
+	sub = append(sub, t.Subscribe...)
+	sub = append(sub, t.Answers...)
+	for _, w := range t.Workers {
+		pub = append(pub,
+			"$JS.API.CONSUMER.INFO."+w.Stream+"."+w.Consumer,
+			"$JS.API.CONSUMER.MSG.NEXT."+w.Stream+"."+w.Consumer,
+			"$JS.ACK."+w.Stream+"."+w.Consumer+".>")
+	}
+	pub = append(pub, t.Records...)
+	return pub, sub
+}
+
+// isNewTraffic says whether a seat carries any of the rules above, so a seat that carries none is
+// composed exactly as before them.
+func (s Seat) isNewTraffic() bool {
+	return s.Kinded || len(s.ByCaller) > 0 || len(s.Proofs) > 0 || len(s.Records) > 0
+}
+
+// plainVerbs is a seat's accepts or emits with those the rules above compose taken out: a verb named by
+// its caller and every verb of a kinded bench are composed by SeatTrafficOf and nowhere else.
+func plainVerbs(s Seat, verbs []string) []string {
+	if s.Kinded {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var out []string
+	for _, v := range verbs {
+		if !namesVerb(s.ByCaller, v) {
+			out = append(out, v)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// SeatTrafficObjects is the work queues and workers the seat traffic of every composed user implies
+// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3): a queue for each seat a holder takes work from, and each holder's worker on it —
+// one per kind on a kinded bench, filtered to that kind, so the kinds never take each other's work. Only
+// seats carrying the rules above; the mesh's own seats' queues are RaiseSeats'.
+func SeatTrafficObjects(users []Principal) ([]Stream, []Consumer) {
+	streams := map[string]Stream{}
+	consumers := map[string]Consumer{}
+	add := func(module string, holds []Seat) {
+		for _, w := range SeatTrafficOf(module, holds, nil, nil).Workers {
+			seat := ""
+			for _, s := range holds {
+				if seatStreamName(s.Name) == w.Stream {
+					seat = s.Name
+				}
+			}
+			streams[w.Stream] = Stream{
+				Name:      w.Stream,
+				Subjects:  []string{"mesh.seat." + seat + ".accept.>"},
+				Retention: RetentionWorkQueue,
+				MaxAge:    7 * 24 * 60 * 60,
+				Why:       "work submitted to the " + seat + " seat; its holders take it, each kind its own, and it queues while nobody does",
+			}
+			consumers[w.Consumer] = Consumer{
+				Name:           w.Consumer,
+				Stream:         w.Stream,
+				Filters:        []string{w.Filter},
+				AckWaitSeconds: 60,
+				// No bound on redelivery: a channel away for a day keeps its work, offered again later and
+				// later by its holder's runtime (novox/hq ADR 0259; the correctness review of 2026-10-08).
+				MaxDeliver: 0,
+				Why: module + " holds " + seat + "; it pulls one ask at a time and acknowledges once it has " +
+					"recorded it, so a crash redelivers rather than loses",
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, p := range users {
+		switch p.Kind {
+		case KindModule:
+			add(p.Module, p.Holds)
+		case KindNodeTools:
+			for _, d := range p.Carries {
+				add(d.Module, d.Holds)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	var ss []Stream
+	for _, s := range streams {
+		ss = append(ss, s)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(ss, func(i, j int) bool { return ss[i].Name < ss[j].Name })
+	var cs []Consumer
+	for _, c := range consumers {
+		cs = append(cs, c)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(cs, func(i, j int) bool { return cs[i].Name < cs[j].Name })
+	return ss, cs
+}
+
+// trustedTraffic is why a module's seat traffic is the trusted holder's (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8), or "": it
+// says a seat's event to one caller each (a warrant), or holds a kind of a kinded bench that proves its sender.
+func trustedTraffic(d Declared) string {
+	for _, s := range d.Holds {
+		for _, e := range s.Emits {
+			if namesVerb(s.ByCaller, e) {
+				return "it says " + s.Name + "'s " + e + " to one caller each"
+			}
+		}
+		if s.Kinded && namesVerb(s.Capabilities, "verified-sender") {
+			return "it holds " + s.Name + " of kind " + s.Kind + ", which proves its sender"
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// TrafficQueues is the work queue of every seat naming its caller or its kind that accepts work, held or not
+// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3): what is submitted before a holder is assigned waits for it.
+func TrafficQueues(seats []Seat) []Stream {
+	var out []Stream
+	seen := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, s := range seats {
+		if len(s.Accepts) == 0 || !s.isNewTraffic() || seen[s.Name] {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[s.Name] = true
+		out = append(out, Stream{Name: seatStreamName(s.Name), Subjects: []string{"mesh.seat." + s.Name + ".accept.>"},
+			Retention: RetentionWorkQueue, MaxAge: 7 * 24 * 60 * 60,
+			Why: "work submitted to the " + s.Name + " seat; its holders take it, each kind its own, and it queues while nobody does"})
+	}
+	sort.Slice(out, func(i, j int) bool { return out[i].Name < out[j].Name })
+	return out
+}

internal/broker/seattraffic_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+package broker
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// The seats of novox/hq ADR 0259 §3, as the messenger declares them.
+func operatorChannel() Seat {
+	return Seat{Name: "operator-channel", Scope: "mesh", Accepts: []string{"ask", "cancel"},
+		Emits: []string{"decided"}, Serves: []string{"open", "history", "notify"},
+		ByCaller: []string{"ask", "cancel", "decided"}, Records: []string{"messenger_asks"}}
+}
+
+func channelSeat(kind string) Seat {
+	return Seat{Name: "channel", Scope: "mesh", Accepts: []string{"show", "edit", "send"}, Kinded: true, Kind: kind,
+		DeclaredBy: "messenger"}
+}
+
+func intakeSeat(kind string) Seat {
+	return Seat{Name: "intake", Scope: "mesh", Emits: []string{"choice", "link"}, Proofs: []string{"code"},
+		Kinded: true, Kind: kind, DeclaredBy: "messenger"}
+}
+
+func allowed(patterns []string, subject string) bool {
+	for _, p := range patterns {
+		if subjectMatches(p, subject) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func perms(t *testing.T, p Principal) Permissions {
+	t.Helper()
+	got, err := PermissionsFor(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return got
+}
+
+func TestAnAskerAsksAndHearsUnderItsOwnNameOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	asker := Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "mesh-delivery", Uses: []Seat{operatorChannel()}}
+	got := perms(t, asker)
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-delivery",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.cancel.mesh-delivery",
+		"$JS.API.DIRECT.GET.KV_messenger_asks.$KV.messenger_asks.mesh-delivery.a1",
+	} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("an asker may not publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-controller",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.*",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery",
+		"$JS.API.DIRECT.GET.KV_messenger_asks.$KV.messenger_asks.mesh-controller.a1",
+		"$KV.messenger_asks.mesh-delivery.a1",
+	} {
+		if allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("an asker may publish %s, which is not its own to submit", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery") {
+		t.Error("an asker does not hear its own warrants")
+	}
+	if allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-controller") {
+		t.Error("an asker hears another asker's warrants")
+	}
+	// And its own consumer carries its warrants, so a restart catches up.
+	c, ok := ConsumerFor(asker)
+	if !ok || !allowed(c.Filters, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery") {
+		t.Errorf("the asker's consumer does not carry its warrants: %v", c.Filters)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOnlyTheHolderPublishesAWarrant(t *testing.T) {
+	users, err := Users(Records{
+		Nodes: []string{"anchor"},
+		Assigned: map[string][]Declared{"anchor": {
+			{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}, Uses: []Seat{channelSeat("")},
+				Watches: []Seat{{Name: "intake", Emits: []string{"choice", "link"}, Kinded: true, Proofs: []string{"code"}, DeclaredBy: "messenger"}}},
+			{Module: "mesh-delivery", Uses: []Seat{operatorChannel()}},
+			{Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("telegram"), intakeSeat("telegram")}},
+		}},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, u := range users {
+		got := perms(t, u)
+		says := allowed(got.Publish, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery")
+		if says != (u.Module == "messenger") {
+			t.Errorf("%s %s publish a warrant", u.Username(), map[bool]string{true: "may", false: "may not"}[says])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheHolderTakesEveryCallersAskThroughItsWorker(t *testing.T) {
+	got := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}})
+	if !allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.mesh-delivery") {
+		t.Error("the router does not take an ask")
+	}
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"$JS.API.CONSUMER.MSG.NEXT.SEAT_OPERATOR_CHANNEL.SEAT_OPERATOR_CHANNEL_worker",
+		"$JS.ACK.SEAT_OPERATOR_CHANNEL.SEAT_OPERATOR_CHANNEL_worker.x",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-controller",
+	} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("the router may not publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if allowed(got.Publish, "mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.ask.messenger") {
+		t.Error("the holder may ask its own seat without using it")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAKindedHolderReachesItsOwnKindAndNoOther(t *testing.T) {
+	got := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "telegram",
+		Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("telegram"), intakeSeat("telegram")}})
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram", "mesh.seat.intake.event.link.telegram",
+		"mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.telegram",
+		"$JS.API.CONSUMER.MSG.NEXT.SEAT_CHANNEL.SEAT_CHANNEL_TELEGRAM_worker",
+	} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("telegram may not publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, s := range []string{
+		"mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.desktop", "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.desktop",
+		"mesh.seat.channel.accept.show.telegram",
+		"$JS.API.CONSUMER.MSG.NEXT.SEAT_CHANNEL.SEAT_CHANNEL_DESKTOP_worker",
+		"mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-delivery",
+	} {
+		if allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("telegram may publish %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.channel.accept.show.telegram") ||
+		allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.channel.accept.show.desktop") {
+		t.Error("telegram does not take exactly its own kind's work")
+	}
+	if allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.telegram") {
+		t.Error("a channel answers its own proofs")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheWatcherAnswersProofsAndHearsEveryKind(t *testing.T) {
+	got := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "messenger",
+		Uses:    []Seat{channelSeat("")},
+		Watches: []Seat{{Name: "intake", Emits: []string{"choice"}, Kinded: true, Proofs: []string{"code"}, DeclaredBy: "messenger"}}})
+	for _, s := range []string{"mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram", "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.desktop"} {
+		if !allowed(got.Subscribe, s) {
+			t.Errorf("the router does not hear %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed(got.Publish, "mesh.seat.channel.accept.show.telegram") {
+		t.Error("the router cannot send a channel its work")
+	}
+	if allowed(got.Publish, "mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram") || allowed(got.Publish, "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.telegram") {
+		t.Error("the router may say a channel's answer or proof")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNoStreamKeepsAProof(t *testing.T) {
+	users, _ := Users(Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{"anchor": {
+		{Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("telegram"), intakeSeat("telegram")}},
+		{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}},
+	}}})
+	streams, _ := SeatTrafficObjects(users)
+	streams = append(streams, MeshStreams()...)
+	for _, s := range streams {
+		for _, subject := range s.Subjects {
+			if subjectMatches(subject, "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.telegram") {
+				t.Errorf("%s keeps a proof (%s)", s.Name, subject)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEachKindHasAWorkerOfItsOwn(t *testing.T) {
+	users, _ := Users(Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{"anchor": {
+		{Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("telegram")}},
+		{Module: "desk-channel", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("desktop")}},
+		{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}},
+	}}})
+	streams, workers := SeatTrafficObjects(users)
+	names := map[string]string{}
+	for _, w := range workers {
+		names[w.Name] = strings.Join(w.Filters, ",")
+	}
+	want := map[string]string{
+		"SEAT_CHANNEL_TELEGRAM_worker": "mesh.seat.channel.accept.*.telegram",
+		"SEAT_CHANNEL_DESKTOP_worker":  "mesh.seat.channel.accept.*.desktop",
+		"SEAT_OPERATOR_CHANNEL_worker": "mesh.seat.operator-channel.accept.>",
+	}
+	for n, f := range want {
+		if names[n] != f {
+			t.Errorf("worker %s filters %q, want %q", n, names[n], f)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(streams) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("want the queues of channel and operator-channel, got %v", streams)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheRuntimeIsGrantedTheUnionAndTheMembershipEachModulesShare(t *testing.T) {
+	telegram := Declared{Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("telegram"), intakeSeat("telegram")}}
+	desk := Declared{Module: "desk-channel", Holds: []Seat{channelSeat("desktop"), intakeSeat("desktop")}}
+	got := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindNodeTools, Node: "anchor", Module: RuntimeModule, Carries: []Declared{telegram, desk}})
+	for _, s := range []string{"mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram", "mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.desktop"} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("the runtime may not publish %s for a module it carries", s)
+		}
+	}
+	m := MembershipFor("anchor", telegram, Placements{})
+	if m.SeatTraffic == nil || !allowed(m.SeatTraffic.Publish, "mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram") ||
+		allowed(m.SeatTraffic.Publish, "mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.desktop") {
+		t.Errorf("telegram's membership does not list exactly its own kind: %+v", m.SeatTraffic)
+	}
+	if plain := MembershipFor("anchor", Declared{Module: "plain"}, Placements{}); plain.SeatTraffic != nil {
+		t.Error("a module with no such seat is given seat traffic")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestASeatWithoutTheNewRulesIsComposedAsBefore(t *testing.T) {
+	old := Seat{Name: "node-build-agent", Scope: "node", Accepts: []string{"build"}, Emits: []string{"built"}}
+	got := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "builder", Holds: []Seat{old}})
+	for _, s := range []string{"mesh.seat.node-build-agent.event.built",
+		"$JS.API.CONSUMER.MSG.NEXT.SEAT_NODE_BUILD_AGENT.SEAT_NODE_BUILD_AGENT_worker"} {
+		if !allowed(got.Publish, s) {
+			t.Errorf("an old seat's holder lost %s", s)
+		}
+	}
+	if !allowed(got.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.accept.build") {
+		t.Error("an old seat's holder lost its accept")
+	}
+}
+
+// The router learns which channel is which, and what each promises, from the controller's membership:
+// the claims, never a channel's word (ADR 0259 §5).
+func TestTheRoutersMembershipNamesEveryKindAndItsCapabilities(t *testing.T) {
+	tg := channelSeat("telegram")
+	tg.Capabilities = []string{"choice", "verified-sender"}
+	desk := channelSeat("desktop")
+	desk.Capabilities = []string{"choice"}
+	router := Declared{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}, Uses: []Seat{channelSeat("")}}
+	records := Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor", "laptop"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{
+		"anchor": {router, {Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{tg}, RunsAs: "telegram"}},
+		"laptop": {{Module: "desk-channel", Holds: []Seat{desk}}},
+	}}
+	where := PlacementsOf(records, nil)
+	m := MembershipFor("anchor", router, where)
+	if m.SeatTraffic == nil || len(m.SeatTraffic.Kinds) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("the router is not told the kinds: %+v", m.SeatTraffic)
+	}
+	byKind := map[string]KindHeld{}
+	for _, k := range m.SeatTraffic.Kinds {
+		byKind[k.Kind] = k
+	}
+	if k := byKind["telegram"]; k.Module != "telegram" || k.Node != "anchor" || !namesVerb(k.Capabilities, "verified-sender") {
+		t.Errorf("telegram is %+v", k)
+	}
+	if k := byKind["desktop"]; k.Module != "desk-channel" || namesVerb(k.Capabilities, "verified-sender") {
+		t.Errorf("the desk is %+v", k)
+	}
+	if other := MembershipFor("anchor", Declared{Module: "mesh-delivery", Uses: []Seat{operatorChannel()}}, where); other.SeatTraffic != nil && len(other.SeatTraffic.Kinds) > 0 {
+		t.Error("an asker is told the channels")
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8: only the bench's own router answers its proofs and puts work on a kind's queue.
+func TestOnlyTheBenchsRouterAnswersProofsAndSubmitsWork(t *testing.T) {
+	other := perms(t, Principal{Kind: KindModule, Node: "anchor", Module: "eavesdropper",
+		Uses:    []Seat{channelSeat("")},
+		Watches: []Seat{{Name: "intake", Emits: []string{"choice"}, Kinded: true, Proofs: []string{"code"}, DeclaredBy: "messenger"}}})
+	if allowed(other.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.intake.proof.code.telegram") {
+		t.Error("a watcher that is not the router answers codes")
+	}
+	if allowed(other.Publish, "mesh.seat.channel.accept.show.telegram") {
+		t.Error("a user that is not the router puts work on a kind's queue")
+	}
+	if !allowed(other.Subscribe, "mesh.seat.intake.event.choice.telegram") {
+		t.Error("a watcher no longer hears the bench's events")
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8: the machine's runtime runs as the operator's account; it never carries a module
+// that says warrants or speaks for a kind proving its sender, and such a module has its own account.
+func TestTheMachinesRuntimeNeverCarriesATrustedHolder(t *testing.T) {
+	tg := channelSeat("telegram")
+	tg.Capabilities = []string{"choice", "verified-sender"}
+	for name, d := range map[string]Declared{
+		"the router":         {Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}},
+		"a verified channel": {Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{tg}},
+	} {
+		if _, err := PermissionsFor(Principal{Kind: KindNodeTools, Node: "anchor", Module: RuntimeModule,
+			Carries: []Declared{d}}); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "an account of its own") {
+			t.Errorf("%s was composed into the machine's runtime: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	desk := channelSeat("desktop")
+	desk.Capabilities = []string{"choice"}
+	if _, err := PermissionsFor(Principal{Kind: KindNodeTools, Node: "anchor", Module: RuntimeModule,
+		Carries: []Declared{{Module: "desk-channel", Holds: []Seat{desk}}}}); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("a channel proving nothing was refused: %v", err)
+	}
+	users, err := Users(Records{Nodes: []string{"anchor"}, Assigned: map[string][]Declared{"anchor": {
+		{Module: RuntimeModule}, {Module: "telegram", Holds: []Seat{tg}, RunsAs: "telegram"},
+		{Module: "messenger", Holds: []Seat{operatorChannel()}, RunsAs: "messenger"},
+	}}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, u := range users {
+		if u.Kind == KindNodeTools {
+			for _, d := range u.Carries {
+				if d.RunsAs != "" {
+					t.Errorf("the machine's runtime carries %s", d.Module)
+				}
+			}
+			if _, err := PermissionsFor(u); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("the runtime could not be composed: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8: verified-sender reaches the router only from a holder of its own account.
+func TestVerifiedSenderIsBelievedOnlyFromAHolderOfItsOwnAccount(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := placedCapabilities([]string{"choice", "verified-sender"}, ""); namesVerb(got, "verified-sender") {
+		t.Errorf("a carried holder keeps verified-sender: %v", got)
+	}
+	if got := placedCapabilities([]string{"choice", "verified-sender"}, "telegram"); !namesVerb(got, "verified-sender") {
+		t.Errorf("a holder of its own account lost verified-sender: %v", got)
+	}
+}

internal/broker/streams.go

@@ -363,8 +363,19 @@ var ControllerFollows = []string{
 	// seat to check before it merges — every machine of the facts snapshot composed with the change.
 	// Appended, because the index is a name.
 	moduleEventSubject("gitea", "pull.updated"),
+	// **The operator's answers to what the controller asked** (novox/hq ADR 0259): the router's warrant, or
+	// the end of an ask without one, said to the controller alone under its own name. On the stream, so a
+	// controller that was away hears what was decided meanwhile. Appended, because the index is a name.
+	DecidedSubject,
 }
 
+// AsksSeat is the seat an ask is made on and its warrant heard from (novox/hq ADR 0259): the router's.
+const AsksSeat = "operator-channel"
+
+// DecidedSubject is where the router says the controller's warrants: the seat's event named by the
+// controller as its caller.
+var DecidedSubject = seatEventSubject(AsksSeat, "decided."+ControllerSeat)
+
 // The provider standing events, by their local names. Written here as well as in the catalogue
 // (catalogue.ProvisionerEvents), which this package cannot import; a test keeps them agreeing.
 const (

internal/broker/testdata/composed.conf

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ accounts {
     jetstream: enabled
     users = [
       { user: "controller", password: "$2a$11$cccccccccccccccccccccc", permissions: {
-        publish: { allow: ["$JS.ACK.CONTROL.controller.>", "$JS.ACK.DEAD_LETTER_NOTICES.controller.>", "$JS.ACK.EVENTS.controller.>", "$JS.API.>", "$KV.SEAT_MESH_BUILD_MACHINE_cancelled.>", "$KV.SEAT_NODE_BUILD_AGENT_cancelled.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_calls.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_condition-history.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_conditions.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_hand-acts.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_lease.>", "$SRV.INFO", "_INBOX.enrol.>", "mesh.again.>", "mesh.assignment.>", "mesh.events.dead.>", "mesh.mod.*.tool.>", "mesh.node.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.accept.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.tool.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.applied", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.built-before", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.checked", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-changed", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-cleared", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-raised", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.doctor-heartbeat", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.healer-acted", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.plan-moved", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.refused", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.rolled-back", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.secret-replaced", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.close", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.stalled", "mesh.seat.node-backup.tool.backed-up.*", "mesh.seat.node-backup.tool.now.*", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.accept.>", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.tool.>", "mesh.seat.node-intrusion-prevention.tool.banned.*"] }
+        publish: { allow: ["$JS.ACK.CONTROL.controller.>", "$JS.ACK.DEAD_LETTER_NOTICES.controller.>", "$JS.ACK.EVENTS.controller.>", "$JS.API.>", "$KV.SEAT_MESH_BUILD_MACHINE_cancelled.>", "$KV.SEAT_NODE_BUILD_AGENT_cancelled.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_asked.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_calls.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_condition-history.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_conditions.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_hand-acts.>", "$KV.mesh-controller_lease.>", "$SRV.INFO", "_INBOX.enrol.>", "mesh.again.>", "mesh.assignment.>", "mesh.events.dead.>", "mesh.mod.*.tool.>", "mesh.node.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.accept.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.tool.>", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.applied", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.built-before", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.checked", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-changed", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-cleared", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.condition-raised", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.doctor-heartbeat", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.healer-acted", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.plan-moved", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.refused", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.rolled-back", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.event.secret-replaced", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.tool.plans", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.close", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.release", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.stalled", "mesh.seat.mesh-delivery.tool.stop", "mesh.seat.node-backup.tool.backed-up.*", "mesh.seat.node-backup.tool.now.*", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.accept.>", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.tool.>", "mesh.seat.node-intrusion-prevention.tool.banned.*", "mesh.seat.node-service-manager.tool.restart.*"] }
-        subscribe: { allow: ["$JS.API.>", "$JS.EVENT.ADVISORY.CONSUMER.DELETED.>", "$JS.EVENT.ADVISORY.CONSUMER.MAX_DELIVERIES.>", "$SRV.INFO", "$SRV.INFO.mesh-controller", "$SRV.INFO.mesh-controller.>", "$SRV.PING", "$SRV.PING.mesh-controller", "$SRV.PING.mesh-controller.>", "$SRV.STATS", "$SRV.STATS.mesh-controller", "$SRV.STATS.mesh-controller.>", "_DELIVER.controller", "_DELIVER.controller.>", "_INBOX.controller.>", "mesh.control.>", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.failing", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.recovered", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.retirement", "mesh.mod.gitea.event.pull.merged", "mesh.mod.gitea.event.pull.updated", "mesh.mod.mesh-catalog.event.catching-up", "mesh.mod.mesh-catalog.event.upgraded", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.event.built", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.tool.>", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.event.built"] }
+        subscribe: { allow: ["$JS.API.>", "$JS.EVENT.ADVISORY.CONSUMER.DELETED.>", "$JS.EVENT.ADVISORY.CONSUMER.MAX_DELIVERIES.>", "$SRV.INFO", "$SRV.INFO.mesh-controller", "$SRV.INFO.mesh-controller.>", "$SRV.PING", "$SRV.PING.mesh-controller", "$SRV.PING.mesh-controller.>", "$SRV.STATS", "$SRV.STATS.mesh-controller", "$SRV.STATS.mesh-controller.>", "_DELIVER.controller", "_DELIVER.controller.>", "_INBOX.controller.>", "mesh.control.>", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.failing", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.recovered", "mesh.mod.*.event.provisioner.retirement", "mesh.mod.gitea.event.pull.merged", "mesh.mod.gitea.event.pull.updated", "mesh.mod.mesh-catalog.event.catching-up", "mesh.mod.mesh-catalog.event.upgraded", "mesh.seat.mesh-build-machine.event.built", "mesh.seat.mesh-controller.tool.>", "mesh.seat.node-build-agent.event.built", "mesh.seat.operator-channel.event.decided.mesh-controller"] }
         allow_responses: { max: 1, ttl: "1m" }
       } }
       { user: "enrol.one", password: "$2a$11$eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee", permissions: {

internal/broker/users.go

@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ type Declared struct {
 	// Checks are the module's own tools its health asks, each `<module>.<tool>` (novox/hq ADR 0240, to-be
 	// 48 §3): the machine's node-engine asks them of its own node tools, and is granted that and no more.
 	Checks []string
+	// RunsAs is the account the module runs as in a runtime of its own (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): it is never
+	// carried by the machine's runtime, and reaches the bus on its own account.
+	RunsAs string
 }
 
 // Records is what composing a user list needs to know about the mesh, and nothing more.
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ type Records struct {
 // is a mesh that cannot be told anything, and there is no state of the records in which that is
 // correct.
 func Users(r Records) ([]Principal, error) {
-	out := []Principal{{Kind: KindController}}
+	out := []Principal{{Kind: KindController, Uses: asksSeatOf(r)}}
 
 	for _, node := range sortedCopy(r.Nodes) {
 		witness := false
@@ -120,10 +123,13 @@ func Users(r Records) ([]Principal, error) {
 			})
 		}
 		if runtimeHere {
-			out = append(out, Principal{
+			var carried []Declared
-				Kind: KindNodeTools, Node: node, Module: RuntimeModule,
+			for _, d := range r.Assigned[node] {
-				Carries: append([]Declared(nil), r.Assigned[node]...),
+				if d.RunsAs == "" {
-			})
+					carried = append(carried, d)
+				}
+			}
+			out = append(out, Principal{Kind: KindNodeTools, Node: node, Module: RuntimeModule, Carries: carried})
 		}
 	}
 	for _, node := range sortedCopy(r.Enrolling) {
@@ -189,3 +195,21 @@ func sortedNames(in map[string][]string) []string {
 
 // controllerModule is the controller's module: the machine assigned it witnesses its upgrades.
 const controllerModule = "mesh-controller"
+
+// asksSeatOf is the seat an ask is made on, as its holder declares it (novox/hq ADR 0259): the controller
+// asks the operator through it like any other user, and is granted what its declaration names for a caller.
+// None while nothing holds it.
+func asksSeatOf(r Records) []Seat {
+	for _, node := range sortedCopy(r.Nodes) {
+		for _, d := range r.Assigned[node] {
+			for _, s := range d.Holds {
+				if s.Name == AsksSeat && namesVerb(s.ByCaller, "ask") {
+					seat := s
+					seat.Kind, seat.Capabilities = "", nil
+					return []Seat{seat}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/catalogue/declaration.go

@@ -1073,9 +1073,23 @@ func (r Resolution) compose(with Rendering, owner map[string]string,
 		}
 		owner[fmt.Sprint(process["id"])] = RuntimeModule
 		out = append(out, process)
-		// What each module's bundles are given is read as the account the runtime runs as.
+		// And a runtime of its own for each module of its own account, after it (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8).
+		owns, err := r.ownRuntimes(with)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		for _, p := range owns {
+			id := fmt.Sprint(p["id"])
+			owner[id] = strings.TrimSuffix(id, "."+OwnRuntimeID())
+			out = append(out, p)
+		}
+		// What each module's bundles are given is read as the account the runtime runs as — not what a
+		// module of its own account is given, which its own account reads.
 		words := map[string]map[string]string{}
 		for _, m := range r.Modules {
+			if m.RunsAs != "" {
+				continue
+			}
 			w, err := bundleWords(m, with)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err

internal/catalogue/kinded_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+package catalogue
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// The router of novox/hq ADR 0259: it declares the operator's seat and the two kinded benches.
+func router() Manifest {
+	return Manifest{Module: "messenger", Tools: []string{"open", "history", "notify"},
+		State: []StateDeclaration{{Name: "asks"}}, RunsAs: "messenger", SecretsOwner: "messenger",
+		DefinesSeats: []SeatDeclaration{
+			{Name: "operator-channel", Scope: ScopeMesh, Accepts: []string{"ask", "cancel"}, Emits: []string{"decided"},
+				ByCaller: []string{"ask", "cancel", "decided"}, Records: []string{"asks"},
+				Serves: []Verb{{Name: "open"}, {Name: "history"}, {Name: "notify"}}},
+			{Name: "channel", Scope: ScopeMesh, Kinded: true, Accepts: []string{"show", "edit", "send"}},
+			{Name: "intake", Scope: ScopeMesh, Kinded: true, Emits: []string{"choice", "link"}, Proofs: []string{"code"}},
+		},
+		Claims: []Claim{{Name: "operator-channel", Scope: ScopeMesh}},
+		Uses:   []string{"channel"}}
+}
+
+func aChannel(module, kind string) Manifest {
+	return Manifest{Module: module, Claims: []Claim{
+		{Name: "channel", Scope: ScopeMesh, Kind: kind}, {Name: "intake", Scope: ScopeMesh, Kind: kind}}}
+}
+
+func TestTwoChannelsOfDifferentKindsHoldTheBenches(t *testing.T) {
+	shelf := Shelf{"messenger": router(), "telegram": aChannel("telegram", "telegram"),
+		"desk-channel": aChannel("desk-channel", "desktop")}
+	if got := problemsFor(t, shelf); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("two kinds were refused: %s", got)
+	}
+	for _, m := range shelf {
+		if got := declaredSeatProblems(m); len(got) > 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: %v", m.Module, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestASecondClaimOfOneKindIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
+	got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "telegram": aChannel("telegram", "telegram"),
+		"telegram-two": aChannel("telegram-two", "telegram")})
+	if !strings.Contains(got, `of kind "telegram", which telegram already claims`) {
+		t.Fatalf("a second holder of one kind stood: %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAKindedBenchNeedsAKindAndNoOtherSeatTakesOne(t *testing.T) {
+	got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "nameless": aChannel("nameless", "")})
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "claims the kinded bench channel and names no kind") {
+		t.Fatalf("a claim without a kind stood: %s", got)
+	}
+	odd := Manifest{Module: "odd", Claims: []Claim{{Name: "operator-channel", Scope: ScopeMesh, Kind: "telegram"}}}
+	got = problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "odd": odd})
+	if !strings.Contains(got, "only a kinded bench takes a kind") {
+		t.Fatalf("a kind on a seat that is not kinded stood: %s", got)
+	}
+	dotted := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "dotted": aChannel("dotted", "a.b")})
+	if !strings.Contains(dotted, "not a usable name") {
+		t.Fatalf("a kind that would widen a subject stood: %s", dotted)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOnlyChannelAndIntakeAreKinded(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Manifest{Module: "x", DefinesSeats: []SeatDeclaration{{Name: "pager", Kinded: true, Accepts: []string{"page"}}}}
+	if got := strings.Join(declaredSeatProblems(m), "; "); !strings.Contains(got, "only channel and intake are kinded") {
+		t.Fatalf("another kinded bench was declared: %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheNewRulesAreHeldToWhatTheSeatSays(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Manifest{Module: "x", DefinesSeats: []SeatDeclaration{{Name: "thing", Accepts: []string{"do"},
+		ByCaller: []string{"undo"}, Proofs: []string{"code"}, Records: []string{"nothing"}}}}
+	got := strings.Join(declaredSeatProblems(m), "; ")
+	for _, want := range []string{"names thing.undo by its caller, which the seat neither accepts nor emits",
+		"declares proofs on thing, which is not kinded", `read its records "nothing", which it keeps no state of`} {
+		if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
+			t.Errorf("not refused: %q in %s", want, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Two kinds on one machine are two holders, and one kind on two machines is a second claimant.
+func TestEachKindIsItsOwnHolderWhenResolved(t *testing.T) {
+	modules := []Manifest{aChannel("telegram", "telegram"), aChannel("desk-channel", "desktop")}
+	held, problems := checkClaims(modules, Node{Name: "anchor"}, nil, nil)
+	if len(problems) > 0 || len(held) != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("two kinds on one machine: held %v, problems %v", held, problems)
+	}
+	_, problems = checkClaims([]Manifest{aChannel("telegram", "telegram")}, Node{Name: "home"}, held, nil)
+	if len(problems) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("one kind held on two machines was not refused")
+	}
+}
+
+// A channel's capabilities come from the fixed vocabulary, and only a kinded claim carries any.
+func TestCapabilitiesAreTheVocabularysAndOnlyOnAKindedClaim(t *testing.T) {
+	good := aChannel("telegram", "telegram")
+	good.Claims[0].Capabilities = []string{"deliver", "choice", "verified-sender", "max-length:4096"}
+	good.RunsAs = "telegram"
+	if got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "telegram": good}); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("the vocabulary was refused: %s", got)
+	}
+	bad := aChannel("telegram", "telegram")
+	bad.Claims[0].Capabilities = []string{"trusted", "max-length:lots"}
+	got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "telegram": bad})
+	for _, w := range []string{`"trusted"`, `"max-length:lots"`} {
+		if !strings.Contains(got, w+", which channel-capabilities/1 does not have") {
+			t.Errorf("%s was not refused: %s", w, got)
+		}
+	}
+	odd := Manifest{Module: "odd", Claims: []Claim{{Name: "operator-channel", Scope: ScopeMesh, Capabilities: []string{"deliver"}}}}
+	if got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "odd": odd}); !strings.Contains(got, "only a kinded bench's claim carries them") {
+		t.Errorf("capabilities on a seat that is not kinded stood: %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8: a module saying warrants, or speaking for a kind that proves its sender, runs as an
+// account of its own — never carried by the machine's runtime, which runs as the operator's account.
+func TestATrustedHolderMustRunAsAnAccountOfItsOwn(t *testing.T) {
+	r := router()
+	r.RunsAs = ""
+	if got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": r}); !strings.Contains(got, "messenger must run as an account of its own") {
+		t.Errorf("a router on the machine's runtime stood: %s", got)
+	}
+	tg := aChannel("telegram", "telegram")
+	tg.Claims[0].Capabilities = []string{"choice", "verified-sender"}
+	if got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "telegram": tg}); !strings.Contains(got, "telegram must run as an account of its own") {
+		t.Errorf("a verified channel on the machine's runtime stood: %s", got)
+	}
+	desk := aChannel("desk-channel", "desktop")
+	desk.Claims[0].Capabilities = []string{"choice"}
+	if got := problemsFor(t, Shelf{"messenger": router(), "desk-channel": desk}); got != "" {
+		t.Errorf("a channel proving nothing was held to it: %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRunsAsIsAnAccountOfTheModulesOwn(t *testing.T) {
+	ok := Manifest{Module: "telegram", RunsAs: "telegram", SecretsOwner: "telegram",
+		OwnSecrets: OwnSecrets{"broker": {Path: "/var/lib/telegram/broker"}},
+		Resources:  []map[string]any{{"id": "account", "type": "user", "name": "telegram"}}}
+	if got := RunsAsProblems(ok); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("a sound runs-as was refused: %v", got)
+	}
+	for want, change := range map[string]func(*Manifest){
+		"never root":                 func(m *Manifest) { m.RunsAs, m.SecretsOwner = "root", "root" },
+		"not an account name":        func(m *Manifest) { m.RunsAs = "${machine:account}" },
+		"which it does not make":     func(m *Manifest) { m.Resources = nil },
+		"declares no own secret":     func(m *Manifest) { m.OwnSecrets = nil },
+		"they are the account's own": func(m *Manifest) { m.SecretsOwner = "" },
+	} {
+		m := ok
+		m.Resources = append([]map[string]any(nil), ok.Resources...)
+		m.OwnSecrets = OwnSecrets{"broker": {Path: "/x"}}
+		change(&m)
+		if got := strings.Join(RunsAsProblems(m), "; "); !strings.Contains(got, want) {
+			t.Errorf("want %q, got %q", want, got)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/catalogue/manifest.go

@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ type Claim struct {
 	// text/template over one piece — its fields and `module` — in the tool's own grammar (novox/hq ADR
 	// 0255). The data is the mesh's, the format the holder's, as a module's facts template is.
 	Renders map[string]string `json:"renders,omitempty"`
+	// Kind is the kind this module holds a kinded bench as (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2, ADR 0259): `telegram`,
+	// `desktop`. Refused on any other seat, and a second claim of one kind is refused.
+	Kind string `json:"kind,omitempty"`
+	// Capabilities are what a channel of this kind promises, from the fixed vocabulary
+	// channel-capabilities/1 (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2): the router judges an answer by these, read from the
+	// controller's record of this claim and never from the channel.
+	Capabilities []string `json:"capabilities,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // ServesFor is what this claim offers a seat's protocol: the verbs it names, else the module's
@@ -640,6 +647,13 @@ type Manifest struct {
 	// cannot use.
 	SecretsOwner string `json:"secrets-owner,omitempty"`
 
+	// RunsAs is the account this module's tools bundle runs as, in a runtime of its own on a bus account of
+	// its own (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): never the machine's runtime, which runs as the operator's account and
+	// carries every module on the machine. The account is one the module makes (a `user` resource of that
+	// name), owns its secrets (`secrets-owner`), and is neither root nor the operator's. Required of a module
+	// that says a warrant, or speaks for a channel kind that proves its sender.
+	RunsAs string `json:"runs-as,omitempty"`
+
 	// Keeps is where this module wants every operator-sealed secret in the mesh written — the
 	// vault's field, and so far nobody else's (novox/hq ADR 0085, amended).
 	//
@@ -1620,6 +1634,7 @@ func ParseManifest(raw []byte) (Manifest, error) {
 	// prefix. Whether a seat anybody names exists, and whether a holder answers for it, are
 	// facts about the catalogue and are checked at registration (CatalogueProblems).
 	problems = append(problems, declaredSeatProblems(m)...)
+	problems = append(problems, RunsAsProblems(m)...)
 	if m.Computed != "" && len(m.Resources) > 0 {
 		// One or the other. A module that both ships files and has them computed would leave
 		// nobody able to say where a given file came from.

internal/catalogue/resolve.go

@@ -115,6 +115,16 @@ type Held struct {
 	Node   string
 	Module string
 	Site   string
+	// Kind is the kind a kinded bench is held as (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2): each kind is its own holder.
+	Kind string
+}
+
+// heldKey is what one holder holds: the seat, and its kind on a kinded bench.
+func heldKey(claim, kind string) string {
+	if kind == "" {
+		return canonicalSeat(claim)
+	}
+	return canonicalSeat(claim) + "/" + kind
 }
 
 // Resolution is what a node should run, and why.
@@ -864,7 +874,7 @@ func checkClaims(modules []Manifest, node Node, elsewhere []Held, holdings []Hel
 			// **One seat under either of its names** (novox/hq ADR 0122): a manifest registered before
 			// a rename claims the former name, and one written after it the current — two claimants of
 			// one seat, compared by the seat they resolve to and not by how each spelled it.
-			seat := canonicalSeat(c.Name)
+			seat := heldKey(c.Name, c.Kind)
 			if other, taken := byScope[scope][seat]; taken {
 				problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
 					"%s and %s both claim %q, and only one thing may hold it per %s",
@@ -873,14 +883,14 @@ func checkClaims(modules []Manifest, node Node, elsewhere []Held, holdings []Hel
 			}
 			byScope[scope][seat] = m.Module
 			held = append(held, Held{Claim: c.Name, Scope: scope, Node: node.Name,
-				Module: m.Module, Site: node.Site})
+				Module: m.Module, Site: node.Site, Kind: c.Kind})
 		}
 	}
 
 	// And against the rest of the mesh, for the scopes that reach past this machine.
 	for _, h := range held {
 		for _, e := range elsewhere {
-			if e.Node == node.Name || canonicalSeat(e.Claim) != canonicalSeat(h.Claim) || e.Scope != h.Scope {
+			if e.Node == node.Name || heldKey(e.Claim, e.Kind) != heldKey(h.Claim, h.Kind) || e.Scope != h.Scope {
 				continue
 			}
 			switch h.Scope {

internal/catalogue/runtime.go

@@ -165,6 +165,10 @@ func (r Resolution) runtimeProcess(with Rendering) (map[string]any, error) {
 		if with.Adopted && m.Filtering != nil {
 			continue
 		}
+		if m.RunsAs != "" {
+			// Served by a runtime of its own, on its own account (ownRuntimes): never the machine's.
+			continue
+		}
 		words, err := bundleWords(m, with)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -223,6 +227,84 @@ func (r Resolution) runtimeProcess(with Rendering) (map[string]any, error) {
 	return process, nil
 }
 
+// OwnRuntimeID names the process a module of its own account is served by (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8).
+func OwnRuntimeID() string { return "own-runtime" }
+
+// ownRuntimes are the processes the modules of their own account are served by (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): each
+// the machine's runtime program — the same build, run from the same source — serving that one module alone,
+// as the module's own account, on the module's own bus credential. Never the machine's runtime, which runs
+// as the operator's account and carries every module on the machine.
+func (r Resolution) ownRuntimes(with Rendering) ([]map[string]any, error) {
+	var own []Manifest
+	for _, m := range r.Modules {
+		if m.RunsAs != "" && !(with.Adopted && m.Filtering != nil) {
+			own = append(own, m)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(own) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	var runtime *Manifest
+	for i := range r.Modules {
+		if r.Modules[i].Module == RuntimeModule {
+			runtime = &r.Modules[i]
+		}
+	}
+	if runtime == nil || len(runtime.Bundles) != 1 || runtime.Bundles[0].Binary == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s runs as its own account in a runtime of its own, and %s is not here to run it "+
+			"from: assign %s to %s first (novox/hq ADR 0259)", own[0].Module, RuntimeModule, RuntimeModule, r.Node)
+	}
+	program := runtime.Bundles[0]
+	var out []map[string]any
+	for _, m := range own {
+		credential, declared := m.OwnSecrets["broker"]
+		if !declared {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s runs as its own account and declares no own secret broker", m.Module)
+		}
+		var served, restartOn []string
+		for _, b := range m.Bundles {
+			for _, load := range b.Loads {
+				if launcher, has := b.Launchers[load]; has {
+					load = launcher
+				}
+				served = append(served, m.Module+"="+BundlePath(m.Module, b.Name)+"/"+load)
+			}
+			if len(b.Loads) > 0 {
+				restartOn = append(restartOn, m.Module+"."+BundleID(b.Name))
+			}
+		}
+		if len(served) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s runs as its own account and its build produced no bundle to serve", m.Module)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(served)
+		restartOn = append(restartOn, m.Module+"."+NeedID("broker"))
+		sort.Strings(restartOn)
+		env := map[string]string{RuntimeToolModules: strings.Join(served, ","), RuntimeBrokerFile: credential.Path}
+		words, err := bundleWords(m, with)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if len(words) > 0 {
+			body, err := json.Marshal(map[string]map[string]string{m.Module: words})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			env[RuntimeToolEnv] = string(body)
+		}
+		process := map[string]any{
+			"id": m.Module + "." + OwnRuntimeID(), "type": "process", "name": m.Module + "-runtime",
+			"source": program.Source, "digest": program.Digest,
+			"run": []any{"./" + program.Binary}, "env": env, "restart-on": toAny(restartOn),
+			"user": m.RunsAs,
+		}
+		if err := artifactsInto(process, RuntimeModule, with); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		out = append(out, process)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
 func toAny(in []string) []any {
 	out := make([]any, 0, len(in))
 	for _, s := range in {

internal/catalogue/runtime_test.go

@@ -457,3 +457,49 @@ func TestAGoToolsBundleIsServedByItsBinary(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("a Go bundle loading a file it does not contain was admitted")
 	}
 }
+
+// novox/hq ADR 0259 §8: a module of its own account is served by a runtime of its own — the machine's
+// runtime program, as that account, on that module's own credential — and never by the machine's runtime,
+// which runs as the operator's account and is given none of its words.
+func TestAModuleOfItsOwnAccountIsServedByARuntimeOfItsOwn(t *testing.T) {
+	with := Rendering{ArtifactStore: "anchor.internal:5101",
+		Needed: map[string]map[string]string{RuntimeModule: {"broker": "sealed-credential"}, "telegram": {"broker": "own"}}}
+	goRuntime := Manifest{Module: RuntimeModule, Version: "1",
+		OwnSecrets: OwnSecrets{"broker": {Path: "/var/lib/mesh/" + RuntimeModule + "/broker"}},
+		Build: &Build{Artifacts: []Artifact{{Name: "runtime", Kind: ArtifactBundle, Language: "go",
+			System: "arch", From: "cmd/node-tools"}}}}
+	goRuntime, err := goRuntime.Resolve([]Built{{Name: "runtime", Kind: ArtifactBundle,
+		Reference: ArtifactStoreScheme + RuntimeModule + "/runtime/blobs/" + bundleDigest, Digest: bundleDigest}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	telegram := aToolsModule(t, "telegram", "tools/index.js")
+	telegram.RunsAs, telegram.SecretsOwner = "telegram", "telegram"
+	telegram.OwnSecrets = OwnSecrets{"broker": {Path: "/var/lib/telegram/broker"}}
+	out, err := Resolution{Node: "anchor", Account: "ops",
+		Modules: []Manifest{aToolsModule(t, "nftables", "tools/index.js"), telegram, goRuntime}}.Declaration(with)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	machine := fileNamed(out, RuntimeModule+"."+RuntimeProcessID())
+	if served := machine["env"].(map[string]string)[RuntimeToolModules]; strings.Contains(served, "telegram") || !strings.Contains(served, "nftables") {
+		t.Errorf("the machine's runtime serves %q", served)
+	}
+	own := fileNamed(out, "telegram."+OwnRuntimeID())
+	if own == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("telegram has no runtime of its own: %v", ids(out))
+	}
+	env := own["env"].(map[string]string)
+	if own["user"] != "telegram" || fmt.Sprint(own["run"]) != "[./node-tools]" ||
+		env[RuntimeBrokerFile] != "/var/lib/telegram/broker" ||
+		env[RuntimeToolModules] != "telegram="+BundleRoot+"/telegram/tools/tools/index.js" {
+		t.Errorf("its own runtime: user %v run %v env %v", own["user"], own["run"], env)
+	}
+	if _, told := env[RuntimeOperatorAccount]; told {
+		t.Error("a runtime of a module's own account is told the operator's account")
+	}
+	// Without the machine's runtime to run it from, it is refused in words.
+	if _, err := (Resolution{Node: "anchor", Modules: []Manifest{telegram}}).ownRuntimes(with); err == nil {
+		t.Error("a module of its own account composed without a runtime program")
+	}
+}

internal/catalogue/seats_declared.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package catalogue
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 )
@@ -51,6 +52,35 @@ type SeatDeclaration struct {
 	// owns its own, which is why a seat is also the answer for a module that needs retention
 	// its events cannot have.
 	RetainSeconds int `json:"retain-seconds,omitempty"`
+
+	// Kinded makes the seat a kinded bench (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2, ADR 0259 §3): its holders are different
+	// modules, each claiming one kind, and each verb's subject carries the kind. Only the benches in
+	// KindedBenches may be kinded; making another is a decision, recorded.
+	Kinded bool `json:"kinded,omitempty"`
+	// ByCaller are accepts and emits whose subject's last token names the calling module (ADR 0259 §3): a
+	// user submits such an accept, and hears such an event, under its own name and no other.
+	ByCaller []string `json:"by-caller,omitempty"`
+	// Proofs are verbs carried as core request and reply, never on a stream: what travels on them (a code
+	// the operator typed) is never kept (ADR 0259 §3). On a kinded bench a holder asks with its own kind and
+	// the modules watching the seat answer.
+	Proofs []string `json:"proofs,omitempty"`
+	// Records are state buckets of the declaring module that each user reads under its own name — the
+	// keys `<user>.…` and no other (ADR 0259 §3).
+	Records []string `json:"records,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KindedBenches are the seats that may be kinded (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2): `channel` sends to the operator,
+// `intake` takes what the operator answers. Another is a decision, recorded, as ADR 0223 asks of a bench.
+var KindedBenches = map[string]bool{"channel": true, "intake": true}
+
+// NamedByCaller says whether one of the seat's verbs is named by its caller.
+func (s SeatDeclaration) NamedByCaller(verb string) bool {
+	for _, v := range s.ByCaller {
+		if v == verb {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 // At is this declaration's scope, with the default applied. Mesh by default, because a seat
@@ -132,6 +162,7 @@ func declaredSeatProblems(m Manifest) []string {
 					"%s declares %s.%s, which is not a usable verb", m.Module, s.Name, v))
 			}
 		}
+		problems = append(problems, trafficProblems(m, s)...)
 	}
 
 	for _, u := range m.Uses {
@@ -142,6 +173,56 @@ func declaredSeatProblems(m Manifest) []string {
 	return problems
 }
 
+// trafficProblems is what one declaration of the rules of ADR 0259 §3 can be judged on alone.
+func trafficProblems(m Manifest, s SeatDeclaration) []string {
+	var problems []string
+	if s.Kinded && !KindedBenches[s.Name] {
+		problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+			"%s declares %s as a kinded bench; only channel and intake are kinded, and another is a "+
+				"decision, recorded (novox/hq ADR 0234)", m.Module, s.Name))
+	}
+	if s.Kinded && len(s.ByCaller) > 0 {
+		problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+			"%s declares %s kinded and names verbs by their caller; a kinded bench's subjects carry the kind",
+			m.Module, s.Name))
+	}
+	for _, v := range s.ByCaller {
+		inAccepts, inEmits := false, false
+		for _, a := range s.Accepts {
+			inAccepts = inAccepts || a == v
+		}
+		for _, e := range s.Emits {
+			inEmits = inEmits || e == v
+		}
+		if !inAccepts && !inEmits {
+			problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+				"%s names %s.%s by its caller, which the seat neither accepts nor emits", m.Module, s.Name, v))
+		}
+	}
+	for _, v := range s.Proofs {
+		if !name.MatchString(v) || strings.Contains(v, ".") {
+			problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf("%s declares the proof %s.%s, which is not a usable verb",
+				m.Module, s.Name, v))
+		}
+	}
+	if len(s.Proofs) > 0 && !s.Kinded {
+		problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+			"%s declares proofs on %s, which is not kinded; a proof is asked by a holder of a kind",
+			m.Module, s.Name))
+	}
+	for _, r := range s.Records {
+		kept := false
+		for _, st := range m.State {
+			kept = kept || st.Name == r
+		}
+		if !kept {
+			problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+				"%s says %s's users read its records %q, which it keeps no state of", m.Module, s.Name, r))
+		}
+	}
+	return problems
+}
+
 // A Shelf is every manifest the mesh has registered, by module name.
 type Shelf map[string]Manifest
 
@@ -182,8 +263,19 @@ func CatalogueProblems(shelf Shelf) []string {
 		return ok
 	}
 
+	// Who claims each kind of a kinded bench, so a second claim of one kind is refused (ADR 0234 §2).
+	kindsTaken := map[string]string{}
+
 	for _, module := range shelfOrder(shelf) {
 		m := shelf[module]
+		for _, c := range m.Claims {
+			if c.Kind != "" {
+				if _, isModuleSeat := declared[c.Name]; !isModuleSeat {
+					problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+						"%s claims %s of kind %q, and only a kinded bench takes a kind", module, c.Name, c.Kind))
+				}
+			}
+		}
 
 		// A `uses` naming nothing is where ADR 0110's guarantee lands under a derived set: the
 		// same refusal, at the same moment, from a set nobody maintains by hand.
@@ -214,6 +306,7 @@ func CatalogueProblems(shelf Shelf) []string {
 				}
 				continue
 			}
+			problems = append(problems, kindProblems(module, c, s, kindsTaken)...)
 			if c.At() != s.At() {
 				problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
 					"%s claims %s at scope %q, and %s declares it at %s",
@@ -228,6 +321,16 @@ func CatalogueProblems(shelf Shelf) []string {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	// **A trusted holder runs as its own account** (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): a module saying warrants, or
+	// speaking for a kind that proves its sender, is never carried by a machine's runtime.
+	for _, module := range shelfOrder(shelf) {
+		m := shelf[module]
+		if why := TrustedHolding(m, declared); why != "" && m.RunsAs == "" {
+			problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+				"%s must run as an account of its own (runs-as): %s, and the machine's runtime runs as the "+
+					"operator's account, which every agent runs as (novox/hq ADR 0259)", module, why))
+		}
+	}
 	// A read of a module's state that module does not keep (novox/hq ADR 0201) — said only where the
 	// owner is on the shelf, as a consumer may be installed before its emitter.
 	var manifests []Manifest
@@ -239,6 +342,63 @@ func CatalogueProblems(shelf Shelf) []string {
 	return problems
 }
 
+// ChannelCapabilities is the fixed vocabulary `channel-capabilities/1` (novox/hq ADR 0234 §2): a word
+// outside it is refused. `max-length:<N>` takes a number.
+var ChannelCapabilities = map[string]bool{
+	"deliver": true, "reaches-away": true, "loud": true, "silent": true, "edit": true,
+	"reaches-when-mesh-down": true, "private": true,
+	"choice": true, "reply": true, "threads": true, "operator-first": true,
+	"verified-sender": true, "exact-render": true, "code-factor": true, "key-factor": true,
+}
+
+var maxLength = regexp.MustCompile(`^max-length:[1-9][0-9]{0,6}$`)
+
+// capabilityProblems are the words of a claim outside the vocabulary, and capabilities on a claim of a
+// seat that is not kinded.
+func capabilityProblems(module string, c Claim, kinded bool) []string {
+	if len(c.Capabilities) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !kinded {
+		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s claims %s with capabilities, and only a kinded bench's claim carries them",
+			module, c.Name)}
+	}
+	var problems []string
+	for _, w := range c.Capabilities {
+		if !ChannelCapabilities[w] && !maxLength.MatchString(w) {
+			problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(
+				"%s claims %s with the capability %q, which channel-capabilities/1 does not have", module, c.Name, w))
+		}
+	}
+	return problems
+}
+
+// kindProblems is a claim judged against a declared seat's kind: a kinded bench takes one claim per kind,
+// a usable name; any other seat takes none.
+func kindProblems(module string, c Claim, s SeatDeclaration, taken map[string]string) []string {
+	if problems := capabilityProblems(module, c, s.Kinded); len(problems) > 0 {
+		return problems
+	}
+	switch {
+	case !s.Kinded && c.Kind != "":
+		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s claims %s of kind %q, and only a kinded bench takes a kind",
+			module, c.Name, c.Kind)}
+	case !s.Kinded:
+		return nil
+	case c.Kind == "":
+		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s claims the kinded bench %s and names no kind", module, c.Name)}
+	case !name.MatchString(c.Kind) || strings.Contains(c.Kind, "."):
+		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s claims %s of kind %q, which is not a usable name", module, c.Name, c.Kind)}
+	}
+	key := c.Name + "/" + c.Kind
+	if first, ok := taken[key]; ok && first != module {
+		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s claims %s of kind %q, which %s already claims; a kind has one holder",
+			module, c.Name, c.Kind, first)}
+	}
+	taken[key] = module
+	return nil
+}
+
 // unserved is what a seat's protocol promises and the claimant does not answer. Only the tools
 // are checked: `accepts` and `emits` are wired by the runtime from the declaration, while a tool
 // is code the module either has or has not written — under the claim's serves, or among its own.
@@ -266,3 +426,65 @@ func shelfOrder(shelf Shelf) []string {
 	sort.Strings(out)
 	return out
 }
+
+var accountName = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z_][a-z0-9_-]{0,30}$`)
+
+// RunsAsProblems is what one manifest's `runs-as` is held to (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8): an account of the
+// module's own making — a `user` resource of that name — that owns its secrets, with a bus account of its own,
+// and that is neither root nor the operator's.
+func RunsAsProblems(m Manifest) []string {
+	if m.RunsAs == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var problems []string
+	say := func(format string, a ...any) { problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...)) }
+	switch {
+	case !accountName.MatchString(m.RunsAs):
+		say("%s runs as %q, which is not an account name of the module's own", m.Module, m.RunsAs)
+		return problems
+	case m.RunsAs == "root":
+		say("%s runs as root; a module of its own account runs as an account it makes, never root", m.Module)
+	}
+	made := false
+	for _, r := range m.Resources {
+		if fmt.Sprint(r["type"]) == "user" && fmt.Sprint(r["name"]) == m.RunsAs {
+			made = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !made {
+		say("%s runs as %s, which it does not make: a user resource named %s", m.Module, m.RunsAs, m.RunsAs)
+	}
+	if _, has := m.OwnSecrets["broker"]; !has {
+		say("%s runs as its own account and declares no own secret broker: its runtime reaches the bus on an "+
+			"account of its own", m.Module)
+	}
+	if m.SecretsOwner != m.RunsAs {
+		say("%s runs as %s, and its secrets belong to %q: they are the account's own", m.Module, m.RunsAs, m.SecretsOwner)
+	}
+	return problems
+}
+
+// TrustedHolding is why a module must run as its own account (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8), or "": it holds a seat
+// whose events it says to one caller each (a warrant), or speaks for a kind of a kinded bench that proves
+// its sender. Neither may be carried by the machine's runtime, which runs as the operator's account.
+func TrustedHolding(m Manifest, declared map[string]SeatDeclaration) string {
+	for _, c := range m.Claims {
+		s, ok := declared[c.Name]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, e := range s.Emits {
+			if s.NamedByCaller(e) {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("it holds %s, whose %s it says to one caller each", c.Name, e)
+			}
+		}
+		if s.Kinded {
+			for _, capability := range c.Capabilities {
+				if capability == "verified-sender" {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("it holds %s of kind %s, which proves its sender", c.Name, c.Kind)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}

internal/conditions/plain.go

@@ -53,8 +53,19 @@ type Action struct {
 	Verb      string            `json:"verb"`
 	Machine   string            `json:"machine,omitempty"`
 	Arguments map[string]string `json:"arguments,omitempty"`
+	// Level is how much proof its answer needs (novox/hq ADR 0234 §8, ADR 0259): LevelAcknowledge for what
+	// any granted principal may already do, LevelApprove for what only the operator's proven word does.
+	// The controller asks for every action, and performs the one chosen on the warrant the router issues.
+	Level string `json:"level,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// The assurance levels an action's answer needs (novox/hq ADR 0234 §8): acknowledge, approve. Destroy is
+// not asked for by any condition: nothing carries its second proof yet.
+const (
+	LevelAcknowledge = "acknowledge"
+	LevelApprove     = "approve"
+)
+
 // The two verdicts an explanation opens with.
 const (
 	NothingToDo = "Nothing for you to do."
@@ -66,7 +77,7 @@ const (
 // only kind of answer a desk click performs until answers are authorised (novox/hq ADR 0258). Its cause
 // marks it as an answer, which the hand-act log does not count as a repair.
 func SilenceAction(key string) Action {
-	return Action{Label: "Silence for a week", Verb: "mesh-controller.conditions",
+	return Action{Label: "Silence for a week", Verb: "mesh-controller.conditions", Level: LevelAcknowledge,
 		Arguments: map[string]string{"silence": key, "for": "7d", "why": "", "cause": CauseOperatorAnswer}}
 }
 

internal/inventory/asks_lab_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package inventory
+
+// The bus of the lab's proof of the operator's answers (mesh-lab `asks/`, novox/hq ADR 0259).
+//
+// The proof runs the router, the Telegram channel and an asker against a real bus, and the bus must be the
+// one this controller would compose — not a copy of its rules written again in the lab, which would prove
+// the copy. So the lab asks this test, at the controller's commit, for both halves:
+//
+//  1. **Composed** (MESH_LAB_ASKS_OUT and MESH_LAB_ASKS_CATALOGUE set): one machine, `anchor`, running the
+//     router (messenger), the Telegram channel, the desk channel and the machine's runtime as the catalogue
+//     declares them, beside two modules of the lab's own — `lab-asker`, which uses `operator-channel`, and
+//     `lab-bystander`, which does not. Written to the directory: the accounts block exactly as Users and
+//     ComposeAccounts make it, each user's credential, and every membership as MembershipFor makes it.
+//  2. **Raised** (MESH_LAB_ASKS_BUS set as well): on the lab's running bus, as the controller, what a send
+//     asserts — the mesh's streams and consumers, the seats' work queues and workers, the modules' buckets —
+//     and every membership published where the runtime reads it.
+//
+// Without those words it skips: the controller's own suite has nothing to raise.
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/broker"
+	"github.com/novox/mesh-controller/internal/catalogue"
+)
+
+// labMachine is the one machine of the lab's bus.
+const labMachine = "anchor"
+
+// The lab's own modules: one that asks, one that may not.
+var labManifests = []string{
+	`{"module": "lab-asker", "version": "1", "uses": ["operator-channel"], "state": ["acted"],
+	  "own-secrets": {"broker": "${dir:state}/broker"},
+	  "resources": [{"id": "state", "type": "directory", "mode": "0700", "place": "."}]}`,
+	`{"module": "lab-bystander", "version": "1", "own-secrets": {"broker": "${dir:state}/broker"},
+	  "resources": [{"id": "state", "type": "directory", "mode": "0700", "place": "."}]}`,
+}
+
+// labCredential is what a lab process connects as: the runtime's credential shape (mesh-tools bus.Credential).
+type labCredential struct {
+	URL      string `json:"url"`
+	Node     string `json:"node,omitempty"`
+	Module   string `json:"module,omitempty"`
+	User     string `json:"user"`
+	Password string `json:"password"`
+}
+
+func TestTheAsksLabBus(t *testing.T) {
+	out, modules := os.Getenv("MESH_LAB_ASKS_OUT"), os.Getenv("MESH_LAB_ASKS_CATALOGUE")
+	if out == "" || modules == "" {
+		t.Skip("the lab did not ask for its bus (MESH_LAB_ASKS_OUT, MESH_LAB_ASKS_CATALOGUE)")
+	}
+	var manifests []catalogue.Manifest
+	read := func(raw []byte, from string) {
+		m, err := catalogue.ParseManifest(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: %v", from, err)
+		}
+		manifests = append(manifests, m)
+	}
+	for _, name := range []string{"messenger", "telegram", "desk-channel"} {
+		path := filepath.Join(modules, name, "module.json")
+		raw, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		read(raw, path)
+	}
+	if path := os.Getenv("MESH_LAB_ASKS_RUNTIME"); path != "" {
+		raw, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		read(raw, path)
+	}
+	for i, raw := range labManifests {
+		read([]byte(raw), "the lab's module "+string(rune('1'+i)))
+	}
+
+	// As BusRecords reads the store: every seat any module declares, the mesh's own beside them.
+	seats := map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaration{}
+	declarers := map[string]string{}
+	for _, m := range manifests {
+		for _, s := range m.DefinesSeats {
+			seats[s.Name], declarers[s.Name] = s, m.Module
+		}
+	}
+	for _, own := range catalogue.SeatsWithAProtocol() {
+		seats[own.Name] = catalogue.SeatDeclaration{Name: own.Name, Scope: own.Scope, Accepts: own.Accepts,
+			Emits: own.Emits, Serves: own.Serves}
+	}
+	records := broker.Records{Nodes: []string{labMachine}, Assigned: map[string][]broker.Declared{},
+		People: map[string][]string{}, Interchangeable: map[string]bool{}}
+	var buckets []broker.Bucket
+	var trafficSeats []broker.Seat
+	for _, m := range manifests {
+		records.Assigned[labMachine] = append(records.Assigned[labMachine], declaredFor(m, seats, declarers))
+		buckets = append(buckets, bucketsOf(m)...)
+		for _, s := range m.DefinesSeats {
+			if seat := asSeat(s, m.Module); seat.Kinded || len(seat.ByCaller) > 0 {
+				trafficSeats = append(trafficSeats, seat)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	users, err := broker.Users(records)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Each user a password of the lab's, the hash in the composition.
+	passwords := map[string]string{}
+	if raw, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(out, "passwords.json")); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(raw, &passwords)
+	}
+	for i, u := range users {
+		name := u.Username()
+		if passwords[name] == "" {
+			passwords[name] = "lab-" + name + "-" + time.Now().Format("150405.000000")
+		}
+		hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(passwords[name]), bcrypt.MinCost)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		users[i].PasswordHash = string(hash)
+	}
+
+	bus := os.Getenv("MESH_LAB_ASKS_BUS")
+	if bus == "" {
+		accounts, err := broker.ComposeAccounts(users)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		creds := map[string]labCredential{}
+		for _, u := range users {
+			creds[u.Username()] = labCredential{Node: u.Node, Module: u.Module, User: u.Username(),
+				Password: passwords[u.Username()]}
+		}
+		where := broker.PlacementsOf(records, records.Interchangeable)
+		memberships := map[string]broker.Membership{}
+		for _, d := range records.Assigned[labMachine] {
+			memberships[d.Module] = broker.MembershipFor(labMachine, d, where)
+		}
+		write(t, filepath.Join(out, "accounts.conf"), []byte(accounts))
+		writeJSON(t, filepath.Join(out, "passwords.json"), passwords)
+		writeJSON(t, filepath.Join(out, "credentials.json"), creds)
+		writeJSON(t, filepath.Join(out, "memberships.json"), memberships)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Raised on the lab's bus, as the controller, as a send asserts it (cmd/mesh-controller busobjects.go).
+	js, err := broker.Dial(bus, nats.UserInfo("controller", passwords["controller"]), nats.CustomInboxPrefix("_INBOX.controller"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("the lab's bus, as the controller: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer js.Close()
+	if err := broker.Raise(js, records.Nodes); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	holders := map[string]broker.Holder{}
+	for _, d := range records.Assigned[labMachine] {
+		for _, s := range d.Holds {
+			if _, taken := holders[s.Name]; !taken {
+				holders[s.Name] = broker.Holder{Node: labMachine, Module: d.Module}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if err := broker.RaiseSeats(js, MeshSeats(), holders); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	streams, workers := broker.SeatTrafficObjects(users)
+	have := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, s := range streams {
+		have[s.Name] = true
+	}
+	for _, s := range broker.TrafficQueues(trafficSeats) {
+		if !have[s.Name] {
+			streams, have[s.Name] = append(streams, s), true
+		}
+	}
+	for _, s := range streams {
+		if err := js.EnsureStream(s); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("the work queue %s: %v", s.Name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, c := range workers {
+		if err := js.EnsureConsumer(c); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("the worker %s: %v", c.Name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, c := range broker.ConsumersOf(users) {
+		if err := js.EnsureConsumer(c.Consumer); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("how %s hears what it consumes: %v", c.Module, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := broker.RaiseBuckets(js, buckets); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := js.EnsureControllerBuckets(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	where := broker.PlacementsOf(records, records.Interchangeable)
+	names := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, d := range records.Assigned[labMachine] {
+		body, err := json.Marshal(broker.MembershipFor(labMachine, d, where))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := js.Context().Publish(broker.MembershipSubject(labMachine, d.Module), body); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("issuing %s its membership: %v", d.Module, err)
+		}
+		names = append(names, d.Module)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	t.Logf("raised on %s: %d streams of seats, %d workers, %d buckets, memberships for %v", bus, len(streams),
+		len(workers), len(buckets), names)
+}
+
+func write(t *testing.T, path string, body []byte) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o700); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, body, 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func writeJSON(t *testing.T, path string, v any) {
+	t.Helper()
+	body, err := json.MarshalIndent(v, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	write(t, path, body)
+}

internal/inventory/busrecords.go

@@ -34,9 +34,12 @@ func (i *Inventory) BusRecords(ctx context.Context) (broker.Records, error) {
 	// that seat promises. **Across the whole catalogue, not one manifest**: a seat is declared by
 	// one module and held by another, which is the whole reason a seat exists (ADR 0118).
 	seats := map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaration{}
+	// And who declared each, so a seat's records are named as the declaring module's buckets (ADR 0259).
+	declarers := map[string]string{}
 	for _, m := range declared {
 		for _, s := range m.DefinesSeats {
 			seats[s.Name] = s
+			declarers[s.Name] = m.Module
 		}
 	}
 	// And the mesh's own, which carry protocol too (novox/hq ADR 0121). Added after the modules'
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ func (i *Inventory) BusRecords(ctx context.Context) (broker.Records, error) {
 					"%s is assigned to %s and is not in the catalogue, so what it may say cannot "+
 						"be derived", module, n.Name)
 			}
-			d := declaredFor(m, seats)
+			d := declaredFor(m, seats, declarers)
 			// And the state offered to it as a seat's holder by the modules beside it (novox/hq ADR 0255).
 			// For this machine's key alone (novox/hq ADR 0260): a bar shows its own machine's draw.
 			for _, sr := range catalogue.ReadsGranted(m, onMachine(declared, modules), n.Name) {
@@ -121,7 +124,7 @@ func onMachine(declared map[string]catalogue.Manifest, modules []string) []catal
 
 // declaredFor is one module's manifest as the composer needs it: what it says about itself, and the
 // protocol of every seat it holds or uses.
-func declaredFor(m catalogue.Manifest, seats map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaration) broker.Declared {
+func declaredFor(m catalogue.Manifest, seats map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaration, declarers map[string]string) broker.Declared {
 	// A consumed name is a module's event unless it names a seat, and only somebody holding the seat
 	// set can tell (novox/hq ADR 0121). Split here, because the composer cannot look at a name and
 	// know — and a role's event read as a module's is a subscription to a namespace nobody owns.
@@ -132,6 +135,16 @@ func declaredFor(m catalogue.Manifest, seats map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaratio
 		if named {
 			// A seat's event when the seat says it; else the event of the module of that name — a seat and
 			// the module holding it may share a name (mesh-delivery, novox/hq ADR 0239).
+			if s, isASeat := seats[emitter]; isASeat && s.Kinded {
+				// A kinded bench's event is named `<event>` or `<event>.*` and heard from every kind; its
+				// proofs are answered by whoever watches it (ADR 0259 §3).
+				ev := strings.TrimSuffix(event, ".*")
+				if catalogue.SeatSays(s.Emits, ev) {
+					watches = append(watches, broker.Seat{Name: s.Name, Scope: s.Scope, Emits: []string{ev},
+						Kinded: true, Proofs: s.Proofs, DeclaredBy: declarers[s.Name]})
+					continue
+				}
+			}
 			if s, isASeat := seats[emitter]; isASeat && catalogue.SeatSays(s.Emits, event) {
 				watches = append(watches, broker.Seat{Name: s.Name, Emits: []string{event}})
 				continue
@@ -155,6 +168,8 @@ func declaredFor(m catalogue.Manifest, seats map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaratio
 		Reads: m.Reads,
 		// And the tools its health asks (novox/hq ADR 0240): the machine's node-engine is granted them.
 		Checks: catalogue.HealthChecks(m),
+		// And whether it runs as an account of its own (novox/hq ADR 0259 §8).
+		RunsAs: m.RunsAs,
 	}
 	// Whether it can be given an account at all: delivered as its own secret named broker, so one
 	// that declares none has nowhere to read it (novox/hq issue 195).
@@ -168,12 +183,15 @@ func declaredFor(m catalogue.Manifest, seats map[string]catalogue.SeatDeclaratio
 		// Every seat with a protocol, the mesh's own included. One that says only who does a job is
 		// not here and grants nothing, which is most of them.
 		if s, hasAProtocol := seats[c.Name]; hasAProtocol {
-			d.Holds = append(d.Holds, asSeat(s))
+			held := asSeat(s, declarers[s.Name])
+			held.Kind = c.Kind
+			held.Capabilities = c.Capabilities
+			d.Holds = append(d.Holds, held)
 		}
 	}
 	for _, name := range m.Uses {
 		if s, declaredSomewhere := seats[name]; declaredSomewhere {
-			d.Uses = append(d.Uses, asSeat(s))
+			d.Uses = append(d.Uses, asSeat(s, declarers[s.Name]))
 		}
 	}
 	return d
@@ -204,9 +222,17 @@ func (i *Inventory) DeclaredBuckets(ctx context.Context) ([]broker.Bucket, error
 	return out, nil
 }
 
-func asSeat(s catalogue.SeatDeclaration) broker.Seat {
+func asSeat(s catalogue.SeatDeclaration, declarer string) broker.Seat {
-	return broker.Seat{Name: s.Name, Scope: s.Scope, Accepts: s.Accepts, Emits: s.Emits,
+	seat := broker.Seat{Name: s.Name, Scope: s.Scope, Accepts: s.Accepts, Emits: s.Emits,
-		Serves: catalogue.VerbNames(s.Serves)}
+		Serves: catalogue.VerbNames(s.Serves), Kinded: s.Kinded, ByCaller: s.ByCaller, Proofs: s.Proofs,
+		DeclaredBy: declarer}
+	// A seat's records are its declaring module's buckets, named as the bus holds them (ADR 0259 §3).
+	for _, r := range s.Records {
+		if declarer != "" {
+			seat.Records = append(seat.Records, broker.BucketName(declarer, r))
+		}
+	}
+	return seat
 }
 
 // MeshSeats are the mesh's own seats that carry a protocol, as the bus needs them: what to make a work
@@ -277,3 +303,22 @@ func heldHere(claimed []broker.Seat, holdings []catalogue.Held, node, module str
 	}
 	return out
 }
+
+// DeclaredTrafficSeats is every seat any registered module declares that names its caller or its kind
+// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3), as the bus needs it: assigned or not, so its work queue exists from registration.
+func (i *Inventory) DeclaredTrafficSeats(ctx context.Context) ([]broker.Seat, error) {
+	declared, err := i.Catalogue(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read the catalogue: %w", err)
+	}
+	var out []broker.Seat
+	for _, m := range declared {
+		for _, s := range m.DefinesSeats {
+			seat := asSeat(s, m.Module)
+			if seat.Kinded || len(seat.ByCaller) > 0 {
+				out = append(out, seat)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}

internal/link/contracts.go

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ var Contracts = map[string]Contract{
 	KindPullUpdated: {Unordered: "a pull request's head, asked to be checked: each head is its own commit, and its " +
 		"verdict is set on that commit alone, so a head heard late is checked and judged as itself and never " +
 		"stands for a newer one (novox/hq to-be 45 §9)"},
+	KindDecided: {Unordered: "the router's word on one ask, by the ask's id: an ask is ended once, by compare-and-set " +
+		"at the router, and the controller acts on it once, recording that it did under the ask's id — so a word " +
+		"heard again, or late, does nothing more (novox/hq ADR 0259)",
+		Tests: []string{"TestAWarrantIsActedOnOnce"}},
 	KindCatchUp: {Unordered: "a catalogue asking what it missed: answered from the record, whenever asked"},
 	KindProvisioner: {Unordered: "a provider's newest word about a consumer, said again every fifteen minutes " +
 		"while it holds (ADR 0224): the condition keeps the last observed, and S8 says when the words stop. " +

internal/link/handacts.go

@@ -49,6 +49,16 @@ type HandAct struct {
 	Kind string `json:"kind,omitempty"`
 	// Carried is what such a push moved, one "module from → to" per module, so the log says it.
 	Carried []string `json:"carried,omitempty"`
+	// Via, Ask, Proofs and RequestedBy are an act the operator chose on a warrant (novox/hq ADR 0234 §8, ADR
+	// 0259): the channel it came through (module and kind, and how the sender was known), the ask's id, the
+	// proofs present (P1, P2, P3), and what asked (a condition's key). By then names the operator as that
+	// kind's identity. Absent from every other act.
+	Via         string   `json:"via,omitempty"`
+	Ask         string   `json:"ask,omitempty"`
+	Proofs      []string `json:"proofs,omitempty"`
+	RequestedBy string   `json:"requested-by,omitempty"`
+	// Outcome is what came of an act recorded after it was done: done, or the verb's refusal.
+	Outcome string `json:"outcome,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // KindRecordedBuilds is a push that only moved recorded builds: the person's word their `record` policy

internal/link/receive.go

@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ const (
 	// KindPullUpdated is the forge announcing a pull request's new head: checked before it merges
 	// (novox/hq to-be 45 §9).
 	KindPullUpdated = "pull-updated"
+	// KindDecided is the router's warrant for an ask the controller made, or that ask's end without one
+	// (novox/hq ADR 0259): said to the controller alone, under its own name.
+	KindDecided = "decided"
 )
 
 // Control is one thing a node or a module said, as the controller must act on it.

internal/link/receive_nats.go

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func Nats(js *broker.JetStream) Inbound {
 // whatever was asked for — and not at all when nothing was.
 func (n *natsInbound) Also(kind string) error {
 	switch kind {
-	case KindModuleMoved, KindCatchUp, KindSourceMoved, KindProvisioner, KindPullUpdated:
+	case KindModuleMoved, KindCatchUp, KindSourceMoved, KindProvisioner, KindPullUpdated, KindDecided:
 		n.follows[kind] = true
 		return nil
 	default:
@@ -280,6 +280,8 @@ func kindOfSubject(subject string) (string, bool) {
 		return KindSourceMoved, true
 	case PullUpdatedSubject:
 		return KindPullUpdated, true
+	case broker.DecidedSubject:
+		return KindDecided, true
 	case BuildOutcome(), BuildOutcomeOf(TheBuildMachineBefore):
 		// A build's outcome is the role's event now, so it arrives on the events stream rather than
 		// the control branch — and is acted on by the same handler, because what the controller does

internal/link/serve.go

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ type Checker interface {
 }
 
 // PullUpdatedSubject is where the forge's pull requests land: the controller's own follow of them.
-var PullUpdatedSubject = broker.ControllerFollows[len(broker.ControllerFollows)-1]
+var PullUpdatedSubject = "mesh.mod.gitea.event.pull.updated"
 
 // Server acts on what nodes and modules say.
 //
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ type Server struct {
 	checker Checker
 	// healths keeps what machines say of their long-running resources (novox/hq ADR 0240).
 	healths Healths
+	// decider acts on the operator's warrants for what the controller asked (novox/hq ADR 0259).
+	decider Decider
 
 	log *log.Logger
 	// giveUp is how long one message is held for the store; zero means GiveUpAfter.
@@ -138,6 +140,21 @@ func (s *Server) Checks(c Checker) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Decider is what the controller does with the router's word on an ask it made (novox/hq ADR 0259): act
+// on a warrant once, or record how the ask ended without one.
+type Decider interface {
+	Decided(ctx context.Context, body []byte) error
+}
+
+// Decides says what to do about the router's word on the controller's asks, and asks for it delivered.
+func (s *Server) Decides(d Decider) error {
+	if err := s.inbound.Also(KindDecided); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.decider = d
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Answers says what to do about a catalogue's catch-up request, and asks for them to be delivered.
 func (s *Server) Answers(r Replayer) error {
 	if err := s.inbound.Also(KindCatchUp); err != nil {
@@ -210,6 +227,8 @@ func (s *Server) act(ctx context.Context, m Control) {
 		s.provisioner(ctx, m)
 	case KindPullUpdated:
 		s.pullUpdated(ctx, m)
+	case KindDecided:
+		s.decided(ctx, m)
 	default:
 		// Dropped: a message nothing understands will not be understood on the next attempt
 		// either, and asking for it again would spin.
@@ -656,6 +675,24 @@ func (s *Server) pullUpdated(ctx context.Context, m Control) {
 	_ = m.Took()
 }
 
+// decided hands the router's word on an ask to the decider; a failure to keep what it did is held for the
+// store, like any word that must not be lost.
+func (s *Server) decided(ctx context.Context, m Control) {
+	if s.decider == nil {
+		_ = m.Took()
+		return
+	}
+	err := s.decider.Decided(ctx, m.Body())
+	switch s.decide(ctx, m, "the operator's word on an ask", "", "", err) {
+	case Hold:
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		s.log.Printf("the operator's word on an ask could not be kept: %v", err)
+	}
+	_ = m.Took()
+}
+
 // saysWhatItDid states what a machine now runs, or what it would not take, as a fact on the bus
 // (novox/hq ADR 0134).
 //

vendor/git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks/asks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+// Package asks is the contract of asking a person and answering on a channel (novox/hq ADR 0259): the
+// shapes an asker, the router and a channel exchange on the bus, and the subjects they travel on. No
+// transport and no channel's service: an asker publishes an Ask under its own name and acts on the Warrant
+// it hears; the router holds the ask, sends channels a Message, and judges the Choice a channel says; a
+// channel shows a Message and says what was chosen and by whom, as its service authenticated it.
+package asks
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// The seats (novox/hq ADR 0259 §3).
+const (
+	// Seat is held by the router: an ask and its cancel are its accepts, a warrant its event, each named by
+	// the asker.
+	Seat = "operator-channel"
+	// ChannelSeat is the kinded bench a channel holds to show and say: its accepts carry the kind.
+	ChannelSeat = "channel"
+	// IntakeSeat is the kinded bench a channel holds to say what was chosen: its events and proofs carry
+	// the kind.
+	IntakeSeat = "intake"
+)
+
+// AskSubject is where an asker publishes an ask, CancelSubject its cancel, and DecidedSubject where it
+// hears the warrant, or the ask's end without one.
+func AskSubject(asker string) string     { return "mesh.seat." + Seat + ".accept.ask." + asker }
+func CancelSubject(asker string) string  { return "mesh.seat." + Seat + ".accept.cancel." + asker }
+func DecidedSubject(asker string) string { return "mesh.seat." + Seat + ".event.decided." + asker }
+
+// The work a channel takes, on ChannelSubject.
+const (
+	Show = "show" // a message offering answers
+	Edit = "edit" // a message shown before, replaced
+	Send = "send" // a message offering nothing
+)
+
+// ChannelSubject is where the router sends a channel of a kind its work.
+func ChannelSubject(verb, kind string) string {
+	return "mesh.seat." + ChannelSeat + ".accept." + verb + "." + kind
+}
+
+// What a channel says, on IntakeSubject.
+const (
+	Chosen = "choice" // a button tapped
+	Link   = "link"   // somebody asked to be linked as the operator
+)
+
+// IntakeSubject is where a channel of a kind says what arrived.
+func IntakeSubject(what, kind string) string {
+	return "mesh.seat." + IntakeSeat + ".event." + what + "." + kind
+}
+
+// CodeProof is the one proof verb: a code the operator typed, carried by request and reply, never kept.
+const CodeProof = "code"
+
+// ProofSubject is where a channel of a kind asks a proof.
+func ProofSubject(verb, kind string) string {
+	return "mesh.seat." + IntakeSeat + ".proof." + verb + "." + kind
+}
+
+// A Level is how much proof an option's answer needs (novox/hq ADR 0234 §8, the glossary's assurance level).
+type Level string
+
+const (
+	// Acknowledge performs only what any granted principal may already do: silencing, details. No proof.
+	Acknowledge Level = "acknowledge"
+	// Approve needs one proof: a verified sender (a linked account, linked an hour or more) or a code.
+	Approve Level = "approve"
+	// Destroy needs two proofs, one of them a code.
+	Destroy Level = "destroy"
+)
+
+// Rank orders the levels; an unknown level ranks above every known one, so it is never taken as less.
+func (l Level) Rank() int {
+	switch l {
+	case Acknowledge:
+		return 0
+	case Approve:
+		return 1
+	case Destroy:
+		return 2
+	}
+	return 3
+}
+
+// Operator is the one role an ask may be answered by today.
+const Operator = "operator"
+
+// Option is one answer an ask offers: a label for the button, what it does in plain words, its level.
+type Option struct {
+	ID    string `json:"id"`
+	Label string `json:"label"`
+	Does  string `json:"does"`
+	Level Level  `json:"level"`
+	// Binds is the digest of exactly what the asker performs when this option is chosen — the verb, the
+	// machine and every argument — as ActDigest gives it. It travels in the ask, so the router's warrant,
+	// which names the ask's digest, names it too: a warrant then authorises that act and no other, and an
+	// asker whose record of the act changed after it asked finds the digests differ and does nothing.
+	// Required on an option above acknowledge.
+	Binds string `json:"binds,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ActDigest is the digest an asker puts in Option.Binds: SHA-256 over the act's JSON (Go's encoding sorts a
+// map's keys, so the same act gives the same digest), written "sha256:<hex>".
+func ActDigest(act any) (string, error) {
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(act)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("the act cannot be digested: %w", err)
+	}
+	sum := sha256.Sum256(raw)
+	return "sha256:" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]), nil
+}
+
+// Digest is the digest of the ask exactly as its asker published it: its id, words, options with what each
+// binds, who answers, and its expiry. The router puts it in the warrant (Warrant.AskDigest), and an asker
+// acts only on a warrant whose digest is that of the ask it keeps — so a warrant answers one ask, as the
+// person was shown it, and nothing published under the same id before or after.
+func (a Ask) Digest() string {
+	a.Expires = a.Expires.UTC()
+	raw, _ := json.Marshal(a)
+	sum := sha256.Sum256(raw)
+	return "sha256:" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+}
+
+// Ask is a request for a person's word (novox/hq ADR 0259 §4).
+type Ask struct {
+	// ID is the asker's own, unique to it.
+	ID string `json:"id"`
+	// Headline names the thing and what is wrong, in a few plain words; Explanation is what happened and
+	// what it means. Both are held to the plain rule and the content rule by the router.
+	Headline    string   `json:"headline"`
+	Explanation string   `json:"explanation"`
+	Options     []Option `json:"options"`
+	// Who may answer: Operator.
+	Who string `json:"who"`
+	// Expires is when the ask ends unanswered; OnExpiry is what the asker then does, in words the person
+	// is shown ("the delivery stays held"). An ask that authorises never defaults.
+	Expires  time.Time `json:"expires"`
+	OnExpiry string    `json:"on-expiry"`
+	// About is what the ask is about (a condition's key): a newer ask about it replaces the older.
+	About  string `json:"about,omitempty"`
+	Urgent bool   `json:"urgent,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// The bounds of an ask (novox/hq ADR 0234 §8, ADR 0259 §4).
+const (
+	MostOptions    = 4
+	MostOpen       = 3
+	ApproveLasts   = 24 * time.Hour
+	DestroyLasts   = 10 * time.Minute
+	HeadlineLength = 60
+	LabelLength    = 24
+)
+
+var usableID = regexp.MustCompile(`^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_-]{0,63}$`)
+
+// UsableID says whether a name can be an ask's or an option's id: a key and a subject token both.
+func UsableID(id string) bool { return usableID.MatchString(id) }
+
+// Highest is the highest level among the ask's options.
+func (a Ask) Highest() Level {
+	high := Acknowledge
+	for _, o := range a.Options {
+		if o.Level.Rank() > high.Rank() {
+			high = o.Level
+		}
+	}
+	return high
+}
+
+// Option is the option of this id, or false.
+func (a Ask) Option(id string) (Option, bool) {
+	for _, o := range a.Options {
+		if o.ID == id {
+			return o, true
+		}
+	}
+	return Option{}, false
+}
+
+// Check is what an ask is held to before anything is shown: every refusal, in words its asker can act on.
+func (a Ask) Check(now time.Time) error {
+	var problems []string
+	say := func(format string, args ...any) { problems = append(problems, fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)) }
+	if !UsableID(a.ID) {
+		say("its id %q is not letters, digits, - and _, at most 64", a.ID)
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(a.Headline) == "" || len([]rune(a.Headline)) > HeadlineLength {
+		say("its headline is empty or longer than %d characters", HeadlineLength)
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(a.Explanation) == "" {
+		say("it explains nothing")
+	}
+	if a.Who != Operator {
+		say("it is answered by %q, and only the operator answers today", a.Who)
+	}
+	if len(a.Options) == 0 || len(a.Options) > MostOptions {
+		say("it offers %d options, and an ask offers one to %d", len(a.Options), MostOptions)
+	}
+	seen := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, o := range a.Options {
+		switch {
+		case !UsableID(o.ID):
+			say("an option's id %q is not letters, digits, - and _", o.ID)
+		case seen[o.ID]:
+			say("the option %s is offered twice", o.ID)
+		}
+		seen[o.ID] = true
+		if strings.TrimSpace(o.Label) == "" || len([]rune(o.Label)) > LabelLength {
+			say("the option %s's label is empty or longer than %d characters", o.ID, LabelLength)
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(o.Does) == "" {
+			say("the option %s does not say what it does", o.ID)
+		}
+		if o.Level.Rank() > Destroy.Rank() {
+			say("the option %s has the level %q, which is none of acknowledge, approve, destroy", o.ID, o.Level)
+		}
+		if o.Level != Acknowledge && !strings.HasPrefix(o.Binds, "sha256:") {
+			say("the option %s authorises and does not bind what it performs (its binds is not an ActDigest)", o.ID)
+		}
+	}
+	if !a.Expires.After(now) {
+		say("it expires before it is asked")
+	}
+	switch a.Highest() {
+	case Approve:
+		if a.Expires.After(now.Add(ApproveLasts)) {
+			say("an ask that approves lasts at most %s", ApproveLasts)
+		}
+	case Destroy:
+		if a.Expires.After(now.Add(DestroyLasts)) {
+			say("an ask that destroys lasts at most %s", DestroyLasts)
+		}
+	}
+	if a.Highest() != Acknowledge && strings.TrimSpace(a.OnExpiry) == "" {
+		say("it does not say what happens when nobody answers, and an ask that authorises never defaults")
+	}
+	if a.About != "" && strings.ContainsAny(a.About, " \n") {
+		say("what it is about is a key, without spaces")
+	}
+	if len(problems) > 0 {
+		return errors.New("the ask is refused: " + strings.Join(problems, "; "))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Outcome is how an ask ended.
+type Outcome string
+
+const (
+	OutcomeChosen    Outcome = "chosen"    // a person chose an option: a warrant
+	OutcomeExpired   Outcome = "expired"   // nobody answered in time
+	OutcomeCancelled Outcome = "cancelled" // its asker took it back
+	OutcomeReplaced  Outcome = "replaced"  // a newer ask about the same thing replaced it
+	OutcomeRefused   Outcome = "refused"   // it was never shown: Words says why
+)
+
+// Person is who chose, as the router verified them.
+type Person struct {
+	// Who is the role: Operator.
+	Who string `json:"who"`
+	// Kind is the channel kind they answered on, Identity their account on that service, Display the name
+	// the service shows, and Verified how the router knew it was them.
+	Kind     string `json:"kind"`
+	Identity string `json:"identity"`
+	Display  string `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Verified string `json:"verified"`
+}
+
+// Warrant is the router's record that a person chose one option of one ask, or the ask's end without one
+// (novox/hq ADR 0259 §6). It carries no secret.
+type Warrant struct {
+	Ask     string  `json:"ask"`
+	Asker   string  `json:"asker"`
+	About   string  `json:"about,omitempty"`
+	Outcome Outcome `json:"outcome"`
+	// Option, Label and Level are the option chosen; By who chose it, Channel the module it came through,
+	// Proofs which proofs were present (P1, P2, P3).
+	Option  string    `json:"option,omitempty"`
+	Label   string    `json:"label,omitempty"`
+	Level   Level     `json:"level,omitempty"`
+	By      *Person   `json:"by,omitempty"`
+	Channel string    `json:"channel,omitempty"`
+	Proofs  []string  `json:"proofs,omitempty"`
+	At      time.Time `json:"at"`
+	// AskDigest is the digest of the ask as the router took it (Ask.Digest): the warrant answers that ask
+	// alone, with the options it bound.
+	AskDigest string `json:"ask-digest,omitempty"`
+	// Words are why an ask ended without a choice, or what refused it.
+	Words string `json:"words,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Says is the warrant in the words an asker records with its act: "the operator, via telegram (user id
+// verified), chose Release".
+func (w Warrant) Says() string {
+	if w.Outcome != OutcomeChosen || w.By == nil {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("no person chose: the ask %s %s", w.Ask, w.Outcome)
+	}
+	via := w.By.Kind
+	if w.By.Verified != "" {
+		via += " (" + w.By.Verified + ")"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("the %s, via %s, chose %s", w.By.Who, via, w.Label)
+}
+
+// For checks a warrant against the ask its asker made: the same asker and ask, the same ask's digest (so the
+// same words, options and binds), a choice, an option the ask offered, at that option's level, before the
+// ask expired. An asker acts on nothing else, and then performs only what the option's Binds names.
+func (w Warrant) For(asker string, a Ask) (Option, error) {
+	if w.Asker != asker || w.Ask != a.ID {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the warrant is for %s's ask %s, not %s's %s", w.Asker, w.Ask, asker, a.ID)
+	}
+	if w.Outcome != OutcomeChosen || w.By == nil || w.By.Who != a.Who {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the ask %s ended %s; no person chose", a.ID, w.Outcome)
+	}
+	if d := a.Digest(); w.AskDigest != d {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the warrant answers an ask whose digest is %q, and the ask %s kept here is %s: "+
+			"it was not the ask the person was shown", w.AskDigest, a.ID, d)
+	}
+	o, offered := a.Option(w.Option)
+	if !offered {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the ask %s offered no option %s", a.ID, w.Option)
+	}
+	if w.Level != o.Level {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the option %s is %s, and the warrant says %s", o.ID, o.Level, w.Level)
+	}
+	// A choice made after the ask expired is no answer to it, whatever the router said.
+	if !w.At.IsZero() && w.At.After(a.Expires) {
+		return Option{}, fmt.Errorf("the warrant was given at %s, after the ask %s expired at %s",
+			w.At.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339), a.ID, a.Expires.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339))
+	}
+	return o, nil
+}
+
+// Performs checks that the act an asker is about to perform is the one the chosen option bound when it
+// asked: the act's digest equals the option's Binds. An acknowledge option that bound nothing passes.
+func (o Option) Performs(act any) error {
+	if o.Binds == "" && o.Level == Acknowledge {
+		return nil
+	}
+	d, err := ActDigest(act)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if d != o.Binds {
+		return fmt.Errorf("the option %s bound %s, and the act about to be performed is %s: nothing is done", o.ID, o.Binds, d)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Button is one answer a channel offers: its label and the router's one-time ticket for it.
+type Button struct {
+	Label  string `json:"label"`
+	Ticket string `json:"ticket"`
+}
+
+// Message is the work a channel takes: shown with buttons (Show), shown again in place (Edit), or said
+// (Send). Handle is the router's name for it, the same across a show and its edits; the channel keeps
+// which of its own messages that is. The words are the router's, shown as given.
+type Message struct {
+	Handle  string   `json:"handle"`
+	Title   string   `json:"title"`
+	Body    string   `json:"body"`
+	Buttons []Button `json:"buttons,omitempty"`
+	Urgent  bool     `json:"urgent,omitempty"`
+	Silent  bool     `json:"silent,omitempty"`
+	// Reply is the Choice or LinkAsked this answers, by its ID: the channel shows it where that was made.
+	Reply string `json:"reply,omitempty"`
+	// To is the account linked as the operator on this kind, for a channel that verifies its sender: where
+	// the channel sends what is not a reply. The router's word, from its list; empty when none is linked.
+	To string `json:"to,omitempty"`
+	// Secret says the words carry something shown once (a link's code): the channel shows it and keeps no
+	// copy of it — no state, no history of its own.
+	Secret bool `json:"secret,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Sender is who a channel's service says sent something: the account, the name it shows, and whether the
+// service authenticated it. The router alone judges whether that is the operator.
+type Sender struct {
+	Identity      string `json:"identity"`
+	Display       string `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Authenticated bool   `json:"authenticated"`
+}
+
+// Failed is a message a channel could not deliver: its handle, why, and whether trying again could help.
+type Failed struct {
+	Handle    string    `json:"handle"`
+	Why       string    `json:"why"`
+	Permanent bool      `json:"permanent,omitempty"`
+	At        time.Time `json:"at"`
+}
+
+// Standing is what a channel says of itself, at least every five minutes and whenever it changes:
+// whether it can send now, why not, and whether its edits notify nobody.
+type Standing struct {
+	Ready         bool      `json:"ready"`
+	Why           string    `json:"why,omitempty"`
+	EditsSilently bool      `json:"edits-silently,omitempty"`
+	At            time.Time `json:"at"`
+}
+
+// What a channel says of its own delivery, on IntakeSubject.
+const (
+	FailedWhat   = "failed"
+	StandingWhat = "standing"
+)
+
+// Choice is a button chosen on a channel.
+type Choice struct {
+	// ID is the channel's own for this arrival, unique, so the router acts on it once.
+	ID     string    `json:"id"`
+	Ticket string    `json:"ticket"`
+	Handle string    `json:"handle,omitempty"`
+	Sender Sender    `json:"sender"`
+	At     time.Time `json:"at"`
+}
+
+// LinkAsked is somebody on a channel asking to be linked as the operator.
+type LinkAsked struct {
+	ID     string    `json:"id"`
+	Sender Sender    `json:"sender"`
+	At     time.Time `json:"at"`
+}
+
+// Code is a code a person typed on a channel, asked as a proof: never in an event, never kept.
+type Code struct {
+	Sender  Sender `json:"sender"`
+	Code    string `json:"code"`
+	Purpose string `json:"purpose"`
+}
+
+// ProofAnswer is the router's answer to a proof: whether it was taken, and words to say to the person.
+type ProofAnswer struct {
+	Accepted bool   `json:"accepted"`
+	Words    string `json:"words"`
+}

vendor/modules.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+# git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go v0.1.8-0.20261009081503-d4077b473ea8
+## explicit; go 1.22
+git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/asks
 # github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.7.0-default-no-op
 ## explicit; go 1.24.0
 github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go/assert
@@ -79,8 +82,6 @@ github.com/nats-io/nuid
 ## explicit; go 1.26.0
 github.com/novox/mesh-host/internal/declaration
 github.com/novox/mesh-host/validate
-# go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.6.0
-## explicit; go 1.20
 # golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0
 ## explicit; go 1.26.0
 golang.org/x/crypto/acme