Files
mesh-host/internal/firewall/filters.go
T
jschoubben f57386cdea A package may be declared absent, and an uninstalled front end is retired for good (hq ADR 0175)
absent: true on a package has the host remove it through the machine's own
package manager when it is installed and leave alone a machine that never had
it; read back either way. Undeclaring a package still removes nothing. A
found firewall whose command is gone is recorded as removed, said once, and
asked nothing of.
2026-10-02 16:28:27 +02:00

336 lines
10 KiB
Go

package firewall
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"regexp"
"sort"
"strings"
)
// What filters a machine, said with an owner (novox/hq ADR 0168).
//
// "The firewall found" names one front end, and a machine carries rules from several sources: the
// front end's own, the container runtime's plumbing, a ban list, the mesh's own tables, and whatever
// a predecessor installed directly — on both machines of the first mesh, in the user chain the
// runtime leaves for an administrator, where the mesh's reader of rules counted it as the runtime's.
// So the host reports every table and chain that refuses traffic, each with whose it is, and the
// mesh says truthfully what filters a converged machine. It removes none of it.
// Owners of a refusal.
const (
// OwnerMesh is the mesh's own tables: the derived filter and the guard.
OwnerMesh = "mesh"
// OwnerFoundFirewall is the front end found on the machine — ufw's chains.
OwnerFoundFirewall = "found-firewall"
// OwnerRuntime is the container runtime's own plumbing: its chains, the forward policy it sets
// when it turns forwarding on, its guard against reaching a container's address from off its
// bridge. Not the user chain it leaves for an administrator.
OwnerRuntime = "runtime"
// OwnerBan is a refusal that names the sources it refuses, in a chain that accepts nothing — a
// ban list, which is not a firewall.
OwnerBan = "ban"
// OwnerOther is everything else: rules the mesh did not write and cannot attribute. Where a
// predecessor's rules live.
OwnerOther = "other"
)
// A Filter is one place on the machine that refuses traffic: a chain of a table, or a chain of the
// legacy filter, with its owner and what it refuses in one line.
type Filter struct {
// Where names the chain: "table ip filter, chain DOCKER-USER", or "chain HAL-MESH-ONLY
// (iptables-legacy)".
Where string `json:"where"`
// Owner is one of the owners above.
Owner string `json:"owner"`
// Refuses is the first refusing line, counters stripped, and how many more there are.
Refuses string `json:"refuses"`
table, chain string
}
// userChain is the chain the container runtime creates empty and leaves for an administrator's
// rules, consulted before its own forwarding. Nothing in it is the runtime's.
const userChain = "DOCKER-USER"
// Filters classifies every refusing chain of an `nft list ruleset` and of the legacy filter's `-S`
// listings (by tool: iptables-legacy, ip6tables-legacy), in the order they appear.
func Filters(ruleset string, legacy map[string]string, ufwActive bool) []Filter {
var out []Filter
r := parseNft(ruleset)
refusing := map[string][]nftRule{} // by "table\x00chain"
for _, rule := range r.refusals {
k := rule.table + "\x00" + rule.chain
refusing[k] = append(refusing[k], rule)
}
for _, k := range r.chainOrder {
c := r.chains[k]
table, chain, _ := strings.Cut(k, "\x00")
rules := refusing[k]
if !c.dropping && len(rules) == 0 {
continue
}
f := Filter{table: table, chain: chain, Where: "table " + table + ", chain " + chain}
switch {
case table == MeshTable || table == "inet mesh_guard":
f.Owner = OwnerMesh
case strings.HasPrefix(chain, "ufw"):
f.Owner = OwnerFoundFirewall
if !ufwActive {
// Left behind by a retired front end, and still refusing: not ufw's any more in
// any sense that matters, since nothing maintains it.
f.Owner = OwnerOther
}
case chain == userChain:
f.Owner = OwnerOther
case c.dropping && (r.managed[table] || iptablesTable(table)) && runtimes(table, chain, c.policyLine):
f.Owner = OwnerRuntime
case len(rules) > 0 && (r.managed[table] || iptablesTable(table)) && allRuntimes(table, chain, rules):
f.Owner = OwnerRuntime
case len(rules) > 0 && allBans(r, rules):
f.Owner = OwnerBan
case c.dropping && !iptablesTable(table) && !r.managed[table] && len(rules) == 0:
// A table of its own whose base chain drops by policy: a firewall nobody declared.
f.Owner = OwnerOther
default:
f.Owner = OwnerOther
}
if ufwActive && (r.managed[table] || iptablesTable(table)) && f.Owner == OwnerOther && len(rules) == 0 && c.dropping {
// A base chain ufw set to drop while it is in force is ufw's.
f.Owner = OwnerFoundFirewall
}
f.Refuses = refusesLine(c, rules)
out = append(out, f)
}
tools := make([]string, 0, len(legacy))
for tool := range legacy {
tools = append(tools, tool)
}
sort.Strings(tools)
for _, tool := range tools {
out = append(out, legacyFilters(legacy[tool], tool, ufwActive)...)
}
return out
}
// allRuntimes is whether every refusal in a chain is the runtime's own.
func allRuntimes(table, chain string, rules []nftRule) bool {
for _, rule := range rules {
if !runtimes(table, chain, rule.line) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// allBans is whether every refusal in a chain only bans the sources it names.
func allBans(r *nftRuleset, rules []nftRule) bool {
for _, rule := range rules {
if !r.onlyBans(rule) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
var counters = regexp.MustCompile(`\s*counter packets \d+ bytes \d+`)
// refusesLine is one line a person reads: the policy when the chain drops by policy, else the first
// refusing rule with its counters stripped, and how many more there are.
func refusesLine(c *nftChain, rules []nftRule) string {
var parts []string
if c.dropping {
parts = append(parts, "policy drop")
}
if len(rules) > 0 {
line := strings.TrimSpace(counters.ReplaceAllString(rules[0].line, ""))
if len(rules) > 1 {
line += fmt.Sprintf(" (and %d more)", len(rules)-1)
}
parts = append(parts, line)
}
return strings.Join(parts, "; ")
}
// legacyFilters classifies the chains of an `iptables-legacy -S` listing that refuse.
func legacyFilters(rules, tool string, ufwActive bool) []Filter {
policy := map[string]string{}
accepting := map[string]bool{}
jumpedFrom := map[string][]string{}
for _, line := range strings.Split(rules, "\n") {
fields := strings.Fields(line)
if len(fields) < 3 {
continue
}
switch fields[0] {
case "-P":
policy[fields[1]] = fields[2]
case "-A":
for i, f := range fields {
if (f == "-j" || f == "-g") && i+1 < len(fields) {
switch fields[i+1] {
case "ACCEPT":
accepting[fields[1]] = true
case "DROP", "REJECT", "RETURN", "LOG":
default:
jumpedFrom[fields[i+1]] = append(jumpedFrom[fields[i+1]], fields[1])
}
}
}
}
}
var entered func(chain string, seen map[string]bool) bool
entered = func(chain string, seen map[string]bool) bool {
if seen[chain] || accepting[chain] || len(jumpedFrom[chain]) == 0 {
return false
}
seen[chain] = true
for _, from := range jumpedFrom[chain] {
if p, builtIn := policy[from]; builtIn {
if p != "ACCEPT" {
return false
}
continue
}
if !entered(from, seen) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
ban := func(chain, line string) bool {
return bansSources(line) && entered(chain, map[string]bool{})
}
type seen struct {
owner string
lines []string
}
chains := map[string]*seen{}
var order []string
note := func(chain, owner, line string) {
s := chains[chain]
if s == nil {
s = &seen{owner: owner}
chains[chain] = s
order = append(order, chain)
}
if owner == OwnerOther || s.owner == "" {
s.owner = owner
}
s.lines = append(s.lines, line)
}
for _, line := range strings.Split(rules, "\n") {
fields := strings.Fields(line)
if len(fields) < 3 {
continue
}
chain := fields[1]
switch fields[0] {
case "-P":
if fields[2] != "DROP" {
continue
}
owner := OwnerOther
if chain == "FORWARD" {
owner = OwnerRuntime
}
if ufwActive {
owner = OwnerFoundFirewall
}
note(chain, owner, "policy DROP")
case "-A":
refuses := false
for i, f := range fields {
if f == "-j" && i+1 < len(fields) && (fields[i+1] == "DROP" || fields[i+1] == "REJECT") {
refuses = true
}
}
if !refuses {
continue
}
owner := OwnerOther
switch {
case strings.HasPrefix(chain, "ufw"):
owner = OwnerFoundFirewall
if !ufwActive {
owner = OwnerOther
}
case chain != userChain && strings.HasPrefix(chain, "DOCKER"):
owner = OwnerRuntime
case ban(chain, line):
owner = OwnerBan
}
note(chain, owner, strings.TrimSpace(line))
}
}
var out []Filter
for _, chain := range order {
s := chains[chain]
refuses := s.lines[0]
if len(s.lines) > 1 {
refuses += fmt.Sprintf(" (and %d more)", len(s.lines)-1)
}
out = append(out, Filter{Where: "chain " + chain + " (" + tool + ")", Owner: s.owner, Refuses: refuses})
}
return out
}
// Collect reads what filters this machine now: its nftables ruleset and, where the legacy tools
// exist, their listings. A machine without nft is read through iptables, as Detect reads it.
func Collect(ctx context.Context, run Runner, ufwActive bool) ([]Filter, error) {
ruleset := ""
noNft := false
out, err := run(ctx, "nft", "list", "ruleset")
switch {
case err == nil:
ruleset = out
case missing(err):
noNft = true
default:
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read this machine's packet filter: %w", err)
}
legacy := map[string]string{}
tools := []string{"iptables-legacy", "ip6tables-legacy"}
if noNft {
tools = append(tools, "iptables", "ip6tables")
}
for _, tool := range tools {
if out, err := run(ctx, tool, "-S"); err == nil && strings.TrimSpace(out) != "" {
legacy[tool] = out
}
}
return Filters(ruleset, legacy, ufwActive), nil
}
// Alone is whether a machine is filtered by the mesh alone: nothing in the list but the mesh's
// own tables, the runtime's plumbing and bans (novox/hq ADR 0168).
func Alone(filters []Filter) bool {
for _, f := range filters {
if f.Owner == OwnerOther || f.Owner == OwnerFoundFirewall {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Active says whether ufw is in force on this machine now. A machine without ufw is not.
func Active(ctx context.Context, run Runner) bool {
out, err := run(ctx, "ufw", "status")
return err == nil && statusActive(out)
}
// Installed says whether ufw is on this machine at all: a command that is not there is a front end
// that was uninstalled (novox/hq ADR 0175), not one that is silent.
func Installed(ctx context.Context, run Runner) bool {
_, err := run(ctx, "ufw", "status")
return !missing(err)
}
// Retirements of a found firewall, as the host records them.
const (
RetiredByMesh = "mesh"
RetiredFoundSo = "found-inactive"
// RetiredRemoved is a front end uninstalled by the module that replaced it (ADR 0175).
RetiredRemoved = "removed"
)