diff --git a/scripts/build-module-runtime.sh b/scripts/build-module-runtime.sh
index eb10634..dd6b340 100755
--- a/scripts/build-module-runtime.sh
+++ b/scripts/build-module-runtime.sh
@@ -35,9 +35,18 @@ ENTRIES=""; for e in tools/index.js index.js provisioner/index.js; do
   [ -f "$STAGE/modules/$MODULE/dist/$e" ] && ENTRIES="${ENTRIES:+$ENTRIES,}/app/modules/$MODULE/dist/$e"
 done
 
+# A module whose code drives a CLI needs that CLI in the image — postgres shells out to `psql`, minio
+# to `mc`. Everything else speaks a wire protocol or HTTP and needs nothing added.
+EXTRA=""
+case "$MODULE" in
+  postgres) EXTRA='RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends postgresql-client && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*' ;;
+  minio)    EXTRA='COPY --from=minio/mc:latest /usr/bin/mc /usr/bin/mc' ;;
+esac
+
 cat > "$STAGE/Dockerfile" <<DOCKER
 FROM $BASE
 WORKDIR /app
+$EXTRA
 COPY package.json ./
 COPY node_modules ./node_modules
 COPY dist ./dist
diff --git a/test/integration/provider-on-backend-network.test.ts b/test/integration/provider-on-backend-network.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11fb8a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/provider-on-backend-network.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+/**
+ * A provider's runtime, on the backend's own private network, still binds the mesh broker.
+ *
+ * The committed provider manifests keep the backend server on a private container network and put
+ * the tool/provisioner runtime on it too, so the runtime reaches the backend by name (redis:6379).
+ * The runtime also has to bind the mesh broker for its scoped account — reached not on that private
+ * network but via NAT to the broker's node address. This proves that shape: redis's runtime, on the
+ * `redis` network, comes up, provisions a consumer with the mesh's credential, and its scoped account
+ * is on the broker — none of which happens if it could not reach the broker from the bridge.
+ *
+ * This mirrors the redis committed manifest exactly (server on `redis` with a published port, runtime
+ * on `redis`), where provider-uses-mesh-credential used host networking. If this is green, the
+ * private-network shape is the one to roll out to every provider.
+ */
+
+import { test, before, after } from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { existsSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { loadScenario } from "../../src/declaration/parse.ts";
+import { raise } from "../../src/lifecycle/raise.ts";
+import { destroy, exec } from "../../src/lifecycle/operate.ts";
+import { hostBinaryPath, HOST_PATH } from "../../src/lifecycle/place.ts";
+import { labIsUsable, destroyAll } from "./harness.ts";
+
+const capability = await labIsUsable();
+const binary = hostBinaryPath();
+const bundle = process.env["MESH_LAB_BUNDLE"] ?? "";
+
+const skip = !capability.usable
+  ? `lab not usable: ${capability.why}`
+  : !binary || !existsSync(binary)
+    ? "MESH_LAB_HOST_BINARY is not set to a built mesh-host"
+    : !bundle || !existsSync(bundle)
+      ? "MESH_LAB_BUNDLE is not set to a substrate bundle (mesh-host examples/)"
+      : false;
+
+const SCENARIO = "redis-node";
+const MACHINE = "anchor";
+
+let instanceId = "";
+let stocked: string[] = [];
+
+function quote(s: string): string {
+  return `'${s.replaceAll("'", `'\\''`)}'`;
+}
+
+async function on(command: string, timeoutMs?: number): Promise<{ out: string; ok: boolean }> {
+  const { stdout } = await exec(instanceId, MACHINE, [
+    "sh", "-c", `exec 2>&1\n${command}\necho "__exit=$?"`,
+  ], timeoutMs);
+  const marker = stdout.lastIndexOf("__exit=");
+  if (marker < 0) return { out: stdout, ok: false };
+  return { out: stdout.slice(0, marker), ok: stdout.slice(marker + 7).trim() === "0" };
+}
+
+async function must(command: string, timeoutMs?: number): Promise<string> {
+  const { out, ok } = await on(command, timeoutMs);
+  if (!ok) throw new Error(`${MACHINE}: ${command}\n${out}`);
+  return out;
+}
+
+async function mesh(command: string, timeoutMs?: number): Promise<string> {
+  return must(`docker exec mesh-control /mesh-control ${command}`, timeoutMs);
+}
+
+function pinned(repository: string): string {
+  const found = stocked.find((r) => r.slice(r.indexOf("/") + 1, r.indexOf("@")) === repository);
+  assert.ok(found, `the scenario stocks no ${repository}; it serves ${stocked.join(", ")}`);
+  return found;
+}
+
+function bundleFor(images: string[]): string {
+  let text = readFileSync(bundle, "utf8");
+  for (const ref of images) {
+    const repository = ref.slice(ref.indexOf("/") + 1, ref.indexOf("@"));
+    const escaped = repository.replaceAll("/", "\\/").replaceAll(".", "\\.");
+    text = text.replaceAll(new RegExp(`[A-Za-z0-9_.:-]+\\/${escaped}@sha256:[0-9a-f]+`, "g"), ref);
+  }
+  return text;
+}
+
+function tokenFrom(said: string): string {
+  const found = said.split("\n").map((l) => l.trim()).find((l) => l.length > 100 && !l.includes(" "));
+  assert.ok(found, `no token in:\n${said}`);
+  return found;
+}
+
+async function settled(withinMs = 480_000): Promise<void> {
+  const until = Date.now() + withinMs;
+  let last = "";
+  while (Date.now() < until) {
+    const asked = await on(`docker exec mesh-control /mesh-control status --json`);
+    if (asked.ok) {
+      try {
+        const state = JSON.parse(asked.out) as {
+          wrong: { node: string; outcome: string }[];
+          waiting: { node: string }[];
+          reported: { node: string; outcome: string; current: boolean }[];
+        };
+        const bad = state.wrong.find((w) => w.node === MACHINE);
+        if (bad) throw new Error(`${MACHINE} did not apply what it was sent: ${bad.outcome}\n${asked.out}`);
+        const word = state.reported.find((r) => r.node === MACHINE);
+        if (!state.waiting.some((w) => w.node === MACHINE) && word?.outcome === "applied" && word.current) return;
+        last = asked.out;
+      } catch (err) {
+        if (err instanceof Error && err.message.includes("did not apply")) throw err;
+        last = asked.out;
+      }
+    }
+    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 5000));
+  }
+  throw new Error(`${MACHINE} never caught up within ${Math.round(withinMs / 1000)}s. Last:\n${last}`);
+}
+
+before(async () => {
+  if (skip) return;
+
+  const raised = await raise(loadScenario(`scenarios/${SCENARIO}.yml`), {
+    onProgress: (m) => console.log(`raise: ${m}`),
+  });
+  instanceId = raised.instanceId;
+  stocked = raised.images;
+
+  await must(`cat > /tmp/substrate.lock <<'MESHBUNDLE'\n${bundleFor(raised.images)}\nMESHBUNDLE`);
+  await must(`${HOST_PATH} apply /tmp/substrate.lock`, 600_000);
+  const up = await must(`docker ps --format '{{.Names}}'`);
+  for (const c of ["mesh-store", "mesh-broker", "mesh-control"]) {
+    assert.match(up, new RegExp(c), `the substrate did not raise ${c}:\n${up}`);
+  }
+
+  await mesh(`node add ${MACHINE}`);
+  const token = tokenFrom(await mesh(`token issue --node ${MACHINE}`));
+  await must(`${HOST_PATH} enrol --token ${quote(token)}`);
+  await must(`nohup ${HOST_PATH} run > /var/log/mesh-host.log 2>&1 & sleep 3`);
+}, { timeout: 1_800_000 });
+
+after(async () => {
+  if (instanceId) await destroy(instanceId);
+  await destroyAll(`${SCENARIO}-`);
+}, { timeout: 600_000 });
+
+test("redis's runtime, on the backend's private network, binds the broker and provisions with the mesh's credential", {
+  skip, timeout: 900_000,
+}, async () => {
+  // Exactly the committed redis shape: a private `redis` network, the server on it with a published
+  // port, and the runtime on it too — reaching redis by name and the broker by NAT.
+  const manifest = JSON.stringify({
+    module: "redis",
+    version: "1",
+    provides: [{ name: "redis-cache", scope: "mesh" }],
+    serves: { "redis-cache": {} },
+    emits: ["module.redis.cache.provisioned", "module.redis.cache.deprovisioned"],
+    consumes: ["module.redis.cache.provisioned", "module.redis.cache.deprovisioned"],
+    receives: { "redis-cache": "/var/lib/redis-module/grants/mesh.json" },
+    grants: { "redis-cache": "/var/lib/redis-module/grants" },
+    "own-secrets": { default: "/var/lib/redis-module/default.secret", broker: "/var/lib/mesh/redis/broker" },
+    resources: [
+      { id: "mesh-state", type: "directory", path: "/var/lib/mesh/redis", mode: "0700" },
+      { id: "state", type: "directory", path: "/var/lib/redis-module", mode: "0700" },
+      { id: "grants-dir", type: "directory", path: "/var/lib/redis-module/grants", mode: "0700" },
+      { id: "data", type: "directory", path: "/services/redis/data", mode: "0700", owner: "999:999" },
+      {
+        id: "server-conf", type: "file", path: "/var/lib/redis-module/redis.conf", mode: "0644",
+        content: "requirepass ${secret:default}\nappendonly no\ndir /data\n",
+      },
+      { id: "net", type: "network", name: "redis" },
+      {
+        id: "server", type: "container", name: "redis", image: pinned("redis"), network: "redis",
+        ports: ["6379"],
+        volumes: [
+          "/services/redis/data:/data",
+          "/var/lib/redis-module/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf:ro",
+        ],
+        args: ["/etc/redis/redis.conf"],
+      },
+      {
+        id: "runtime", type: "container", name: "mesh-redis", image: pinned("mesh-runtime-redis"),
+        network: "redis",
+        volumes: [
+          "/var/lib/mesh/redis/broker:/run/secrets/broker:ro",
+          "/var/lib/redis-module/grants:/var/lib/redis-module/grants:ro",
+          "/var/lib/redis-module/default.secret:/run/secrets/default:ro",
+        ],
+        env: {
+          MESH_BROKER_FILE: "/run/secrets/broker",
+          MESH_RECEIVES: "/var/lib/redis-module/grants/mesh.json",
+          MESH_PROVISION_REDIS: "redis:6379",
+          MESH_PROVISION_PASSWORD_FILE: "/run/secrets/default",
+        },
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+  await must(`printf %s ${quote(manifest)} > /tmp/redis.json && docker cp /tmp/redis.json mesh-control:/redis.json`);
+  await mesh("module add /redis.json");
+  await mesh(`module issue redis --node ${MACHINE}`);
+  await mesh(`assign ${MACHINE} redis`);
+  await mesh(`push ${MACHINE}`);
+  await settled();
+
+  const running = await must(`docker ps --format '{{.Names}}'`);
+  assert.match(running, /mesh-redis/, `redis's runtime is not running:\n${(await on(`docker logs mesh-redis 2>&1 | tail -30`)).out}`);
+
+  // It bound the broker from the private network: its scoped account is on the broker. If NAT to the
+  // broker had failed, the runtime would have crashed and never authenticated.
+  const users = await must(`docker exec mesh-broker lavinmqctl list_users 2>&1`);
+  assert.match(users, /anchor-redis/,
+    `the runtime's scoped account is not on the broker — it did not reach the broker from the bridge:\n` +
+      `${(await on(`docker logs mesh-redis 2>&1 | tail -30`)).out}`);
+
+  // The mesh delivers the contribution and the unsealed password; the provisioner creates the login.
+  const password = "mesh-minted-bridge-7c1";
+  await must(`printf %s ${quote(password)} > /var/lib/redis-module/grants/app.secret`);
+  const contributions = JSON.stringify({
+    contributions: 1, requirement: "redis-cache", generated: "by the mesh",
+    given: [{ from: "app", node: "app-node", at: "192.0.2.20:6379", as: "app-one", secret: "/var/lib/redis-module/grants/app.secret", values: {} }],
+  });
+  await must(`printf %s ${quote(contributions)} > /var/lib/redis-module/grants/mesh.json`);
+
+  const adminPw = await must(`cat /var/lib/redis-module/default.secret`);
+  let acl = "";
+  const until = Date.now() + 60_000;
+  while (Date.now() < until) {
+    acl = (await on(`docker exec redis redis-cli -a ${quote(adminPw)} --no-auth-warning ACL LIST 2>/dev/null`)).out;
+    if (/app-one/.test(acl)) break;
+    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 3000));
+  }
+  assert.match(acl, /app-one/, `the provisioner never created the login:\n${(await on(`docker logs mesh-redis 2>&1 | tail -30`)).out}\n---\n${acl}`);
+
+  const authed = await on(`docker exec redis redis-cli --user app-one --pass ${quote(password)} --no-auth-warning PING 2>&1`);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(authed.out, /WRONGPASS/, `the consumer could not authenticate with the mesh's password:\n${authed.out}`);
+  assert.match(authed.out, /PONG/, `expected PONG:\n${authed.out}`);
+});