diff --git a/go/compose/composed.go b/go/compose/composed.go
index f89dec1..afa9a77 100644
--- a/go/compose/composed.go
+++ b/go/compose/composed.go
@@ -55,11 +55,19 @@ func CompositionsShadow(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string) (out map[s
 	return compositions(in, node, fps, Foreseeing, false)
 }
 
+// CompositionsIn is the node's compositions in mode with what they stand in for answered (stood, sorted, the bus's user
+// list left out) rather than refused: CompositionsShadow in Foreseeing, and in Reading what CompositionsApplied refuses
+// before it is refused, so a caller that applies refuses each stand-in to the module it is for alone (issue 1126).
+func CompositionsIn(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode) (out map[string]delivery.Composed, skipped, stood []string, err error) {
+	return compositions(in, node, fps, mode, false)
+}
+
 func compositions(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode, applied bool) (out map[string]delivery.Composed, skipped, stood []string, err error) {
 	reading := in
 	reading.Nodes = append([]Node(nil), in.Nodes...)
 	found := false
 	inOwn := map[string]bool{}
+	held := map[string]bool{}
 	for i := range reading.Nodes {
 		if reading.Nodes[i].Name == node {
 			reading.Nodes[i].ReadsModules = true
@@ -67,6 +75,9 @@ func compositions(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode, appli
 			for m, ok := range reading.Nodes[i].InOwn {
 				inOwn[m] = ok
 			}
+			for m, ok := range reading.Nodes[i].Held {
+				held[m] = ok
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	// The private network's module is built by nobody: no fingerprint of the new form ever names it.
@@ -88,15 +99,26 @@ func compositions(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode, appli
 			continue
 		}
 		runsOwn = n.RunsOwn
+		candidates := map[string]bool{}
 		for m := range inOwn {
-			if !folds(m) {
+			candidates[m] = true
+		}
+		for m := range held {
+			candidates[m] = true
+		}
+		for m := range candidates {
+			// A held module is carried as it runs wherever the node's own runs it, folded or leaving the fold for a
+			// composition of its own (its want new, its names still unset): its stub is never what the node's own applies,
+			// and what the node's own applies never drops what runs of it (issue 1126, review of the apply; issue 1945).
+			heldHere := held[m] && RunsAnyOf(runsOwn, m)
+			if !folds(m) && !heldHere {
 				continue
 			}
 			man, ok := n.Kept[m]
 			if !ok {
 				man, ok = reading.Catalogue[m]
 			}
-			if !ok || !NamesBuild(man) {
+			if !ok || (!NamesBuild(man) && !held[m]) {
 				continue
 			}
 			carried[m] = true
@@ -231,6 +253,10 @@ func compositions(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode, appli
 		out[own] = c
 	}
 	for key, c := range out {
+		if held[c.Module] {
+			delete(out, key) // its stub's: the node keeps what it last applied of it (Node.Held)
+			continue
+		}
 		if m, ok := in.Catalogue[c.Module]; ok && c.Module != "" {
 			c.Data = len(m.DataItems()) > 0
 			out[key] = c
@@ -243,6 +269,30 @@ func compositions(in Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode Mode, appli
 	return out, skipped, stood, nil
 }
 
+// RunsAnyOf says runs (a composition as it runs) holds a resource of module, by its module or the module its id names.
+func RunsAnyOf(runs *delivery.Composed, module string) bool {
+	if runs == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, raw := range runs.Resources {
+		var head struct {
+			ID     string `json:"id"`
+			Module string `json:"module"`
+		}
+		if json.Unmarshal(raw, &head) != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		owner := head.Module
+		if owner == "" {
+			owner, _ = declaration.ModuleGuess(head.ID)
+		}
+		if owner == module {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // NamesBuild says a manifest names what a build makes: its build, or a resource naming an artifact. A node cannot
 // compose such a module folded into its own composition: the build of the old form it runs is held by the controller
 // alone (issue 1126).
diff --git a/go/compose/frombus/answer.go b/go/compose/frombus/answer.go
index 0f0bfe9..c871d6b 100644
--- a/go/compose/frombus/answer.go
+++ b/go/compose/frombus/answer.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package frombus
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"regexp"
 	"slices"
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/catalogue"
 	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/compose"
+	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/declaration"
 	"git.novox.be/novox/mesh-sdk/go/delivery"
 )
 
@@ -70,21 +72,14 @@ func Answer(ctx context.Context, r Reader, mesh Mesh, s Scope, fps map[string]st
 			return refuse(fmt.Errorf("frombus: the credentials of %s: %w", s.Node, err))
 		}
 	}
-	composed, skipped, stood, err := compose.CompositionsShadow(in, s.Node, fps)
-	for err != nil {
-		module, bare := culprit(in, s.Node, fps, failed, err)
-		if module == "" {
-			// Not one module's: the node's own (a value served elsewhere, the mesh's network), said once as the node's.
-			if len(failed) == 0 {
-				return refuse(err)
-			}
-			failed[delivery.HaveNodeWord] = err.Error()
-			composed, skipped, stood = nil, nil, nil
-			break
+	composed, skipped, stood, err := composeEach(in, s.Node, fps, false, s.Running, failed)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Not one module's: the node's own (a value served elsewhere, the mesh's network), said once as the node's.
+		if len(failed) == 0 {
+			return refuse(err)
 		}
-		failed[module] = err.Error()
-		in = stubbed(in, s.Node, module, bare)
-		composed, skipped, stood, err = compose.CompositionsShadow(in, s.Node, fps)
+		failed[delivery.HaveNodeWord] = err.Error()
+		composed, skipped, stood = nil, nil, nil
 	}
 	// The node's own composition is judged only where the node runs one: one that runs none applies it only once a want
 	// names it (the node agent's own composer hands it on that want alone), so a candidate does not add it.
@@ -244,12 +239,259 @@ func standsInFor(x, node string) (string, string) {
 	return node, ""
 }
 
+// composeEach is the one rule, for the node that applies and for its answer to a candidate alike, by which a module's
+// own refusal refuses that module and never the node (issue 1126: seed-8 fixed it in the answer alone, and the
+// applying path still refused all of novox for de-spiegel's unset route names). The node is composed; a refusal is laid
+// on the module whose stub (compose.Stub) changes it (culprit), that module is held (compose.Node.Held) and said in
+// failed with the refusal's words, and the rest is composed again, until it composes or the refusal is no single
+// module's, which is answered as the node's (err). Applied composes as the node applies (compose.Reading) and holds the
+// module placed here each stand-in is for; one for no module placed here (the node's own, a value this node holds for a
+// module elsewhere) refuses the node (compose.ErrStoodIn). Not applied, it composes in compose.Foreseeing and answers
+// every stand-in for the caller to judge (Answer).
+//
+// **A held module is what runs of it** (review of the apply, round 1): composed from what running holds of it
+// (compose.Carried of its own composition there; the node's own carries it wherever it runs there), so what the others
+// read of it (the machine ports its containers publish, the routes reaching it) is what runs, and none of its own
+// composition is in out: the node keeps what it last applied. **What depends on how it is held is held too:** a module
+// whose composition differs when the held ones are composed as their stubs instead is held with them, and a node's own
+// composition that differs (but for the held modules' own resources) refuses the node. And since a held module is
+// composed from its new manifest, which may not be the build's that runs, what reads that manifest is held with it
+// (dependents): the providers of what it contributes to (the proxy its routes), and, when it listens, the filter.
+func composeEach(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, applied bool, running []delivery.Composed, failed map[string]string) (out map[string]delivery.Composed, skipped, stood []string, err error) {
+	mode := compose.Foreseeing
+	if applied {
+		mode = compose.Reading
+	}
+	runs := map[string]*delivery.Composed{}
+	for i := range running {
+		if m := running[i].Module; m != "" {
+			runs[m] = &running[i]
+		}
+	}
+	src := map[string]catalogue.Manifest{} // each held module's manifest before it was held
+	bareOf := map[string]bool{}
+	var hold func(m, why string, bare bool)
+	hold = func(m, why string, bare bool) {
+		if _, done := failed[m]; !done {
+			failed[m] = why // a held module tried bare keeps the words it was first held for
+		}
+		first := false
+		if _, ok := src[m]; !ok {
+			man, ok := manifestOn(in, node, m)
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+			src[m], first = man, true
+		}
+		bareOf[m] = bareOf[m] || bare
+		in = heldAs(in, node, m, src[m], bareOf[m], runs[m])
+		if !first {
+			return
+		}
+		// What the others read of its manifest (what it contributes, what it listens on) is its new manifest's, not
+		// necessarily the build's that runs: what reads it is held with it (review of the apply, round 2).
+		for _, r := range dependents(in, node, src[m], failed) {
+			hold(r, "it reads what "+m+" contributes or listens on, and "+m+" is held", false)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, m := range sortedKeys(failed) {
+		hold(m, failed[m], false)
+	}
+	for {
+		out, skipped, stood, err = compose.CompositionsIn(in, node, fps, mode)
+		if err != nil {
+			module, bare := culprit(in, node, fps, mode, failed, err)
+			if module == "" {
+				return nil, nil, nil, err
+			}
+			hold(module, err.Error(), bare)
+			continue
+		}
+		again := false
+		if applied && len(stood) > 0 {
+			placed := map[string]bool{}
+			for _, m := range assignedOn(in, node) {
+				placed[m] = true
+			}
+			of := map[string][]string{}
+			var nodes []string
+			for _, x := range stood {
+				if n, m := standsInFor(x, node); n == node && placed[m] {
+					of[m] = append(of[m], x)
+				} else {
+					nodes = append(nodes, x)
+				}
+			}
+			for _, m := range sortedKeys(of) {
+				if _, done := failed[m]; !done {
+					hold(m, "stands in for "+strings.Join(of[m], ", "), false)
+					again = true
+				}
+			}
+			if !again && len(nodes) > 0 {
+				return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("%w on %s: %s", compose.ErrStoodIn, node, strings.Join(nodes, ", "))
+			}
+		}
+		if !again && len(failed) > 0 {
+			dependent, own := dependsOnHeld(in, node, fps, mode, out, src, bareOf, failed)
+			if own {
+				return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("frombus: %s's own composition depends on how %s, held, is composed, and is not applied",
+					node, strings.Join(sortedKeys(failed), ", "))
+			}
+			for _, m := range dependent {
+				hold(m, "what it composes of "+strings.Join(sortedKeys(failed), ", ")+", held, is not what runs of them", false)
+				again = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !again {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	skipped = slices.DeleteFunc(skipped, func(m string) bool { _, held := failed[m]; return held })
+	return out, skipped, stood, nil
+}
+
+// dependsOnHeld composes in again with each held module as its stub rather than as what runs of it, and answers the
+// modules, not held, whose composition differs between the two (sorted), and own when the node's own composition does
+// but for the held modules' own resources. A composition of stubs that fails says nothing more: what runs composed.
+func dependsOnHeld(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode compose.Mode, asRuns map[string]delivery.Composed,
+	src map[string]catalogue.Manifest, bareOf map[string]bool, failed map[string]string) (dependent []string, own bool) {
+	stubs := in
+	for _, m := range sortedKeys(failed) {
+		if man, ok := src[m]; ok {
+			stubs = heldAs(stubs, node, m, man, bareOf[m], nil)
+		}
+	}
+	asStubs, _, _, err := compose.CompositionsIn(stubs, node, fps, mode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	isHeld := func(m string) bool { _, ok := failed[m]; return ok }
+	keys := map[string]bool{}
+	for k := range asRuns {
+		keys[k] = true
+	}
+	for k := range asStubs {
+		keys[k] = true
+	}
+	for _, k := range sortedKeys(keys) {
+		a, inA := asRuns[k]
+		b, inB := asStubs[k]
+		m := a.Module
+		if !inA {
+			m = b.Module
+		}
+		if m != "" && isHeld(m) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if m == "" {
+			a, b = withoutHeld(a, isHeld), withoutHeld(b, isHeld)
+		}
+		da, errA := delivery.ComposedDigestOf(a)
+		db, errB := delivery.ComposedDigestOf(b)
+		if inA == inB && errA == nil && errB == nil && da == db {
+			continue
+		}
+		if m == "" {
+			own = true
+			continue
+		}
+		dependent = append(dependent, m)
+	}
+	return dependent, own
+}
+
+// withoutHeld is the node's own composition c without the resources of a held module (its id naming it) and without
+// its filled paths, for comparing the rest.
+func withoutHeld(c delivery.Composed, isHeld func(string) bool) delivery.Composed {
+	out := c
+	out.Filled = nil
+	out.Resources = nil
+	for _, raw := range c.Resources {
+		var head struct {
+			ID     string `json:"id"`
+			Module string `json:"module"`
+		}
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(raw, &head)
+		owner := head.Module
+		if owner == "" {
+			owner, _ = declaration.ModuleGuess(head.ID)
+		}
+		if owner != "" && isHeld(owner) {
+			continue
+		}
+		out.Resources = append(out.Resources, raw)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// dependents is, of the modules placed on node and not held, those that read what man says to them: each that provides
+// what man contributes to (the proxy its routes), and, when man listens on a port, each that holds the filter (the
+// openings).
+func dependents(in compose.Input, node string, man catalogue.Manifest, failed map[string]string) []string {
+	to := map[string]bool{}
+	for p := range man.Contributes {
+		to[p] = true
+	}
+	for p := range man.ContributesMany {
+		to[p] = true
+	}
+	listens := len(man.Listens) > 0
+	if len(to) == 0 && !listens {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var out []string
+	for _, m := range assignedOn(in, node) {
+		if _, held := failed[m]; held || m == man.Module {
+			continue
+		}
+		pm, ok := manifestOn(in, node, m)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if listens && pm.Filtering != nil {
+			out = append(out, m)
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, o := range pm.Provides {
+			if to[o.Name] {
+				out = append(out, m)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// assignedOn is the modules placed on node, in placement order.
+func assignedOn(in compose.Input, node string) []string {
+	for _, n := range in.Nodes {
+		if n.Name == node {
+			return n.Assigned
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// manifestOn is the manifest node composes module from: its Kept, else the catalogue's.
+func manifestOn(in compose.Input, node, module string) (catalogue.Manifest, bool) {
+	for _, n := range in.Nodes {
+		if n.Name == node {
+			if man, ok := n.Kept[module]; ok {
+				return man, true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	man, ok := in.Catalogue[module]
+	return man, ok
+}
+
 // culprit is the module placed on node whose composition the error is of: the first, in placement order, whose stub
-// (compose.Stub) makes the composition succeed or fail otherwise; empty when none does (the error is not one module's).
-// Modules already refused are passed over. A module whose stub still fails the same is tried bare (its stub contributing
-// nothing, bare true): a refusal of what it contributes is its own, which the stub keeps (issue 1126, seed-8: de-spiegel's
-// route names on novox, an unset required value, refused the whole node).
-func culprit(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, failed map[string]string, err error) (string, bool) {
+// (compose.Stub) makes the composition in mode succeed or fail otherwise; empty when none does (the error is not one
+// module's). Modules already refused are passed over. A module whose stub still fails the same is tried bare (its stub
+// contributing nothing, bare true): a refusal of what it contributes is its own, which the stub keeps (issue 1126,
+// seed-8: de-spiegel's route names on novox, an unset required value, refused the whole node).
+func culprit(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, mode compose.Mode, failed map[string]string, err error) (string, bool) {
 	var assigned []string
 	for _, n := range in.Nodes {
 		if n.Name == node {
@@ -266,7 +508,7 @@ func culprit(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, failed map[st
 		}
 	}
 	changes := func(m string, bare bool) bool {
-		_, _, _, again := compose.CompositionsShadow(stubbed(in, node, m, bare), node, fps)
+		_, _, _, again := compose.CompositionsIn(stubbed(in, node, m, bare), node, fps, mode)
 		return again == nil || again.Error() != err.Error()
 	}
 	for _, m := range order {
@@ -277,8 +519,16 @@ func culprit(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, failed map[st
 			return m, false
 		}
 	}
+	var kept map[string]catalogue.Manifest
+	for _, n := range in.Nodes {
+		if n.Name == node {
+			kept = n.Kept
+		}
+	}
 	for _, m := range order {
-		if _, done := failed[m]; done {
+		// One already held is tried bare too, once: held for its build, its stub may still refuse (its own secret
+		// never issued, issue 1126).
+		if _, done := failed[m]; done && isBare(kept[m]) {
 			continue
 		}
 		if changes(m, true) {
@@ -288,31 +538,47 @@ func culprit(in compose.Input, node string, fps map[string]string, failed map[st
 	return "", false
 }
 
-// stubbed is in with module composed as a stub on node alone (compose.Stub, as node's Kept); bare, a stub that also
-// contributes nothing to what it requires.
+// isBare says a stub contributes nothing and declares no own secret (stubbed, bare).
+func isBare(m catalogue.Manifest) bool {
+	return len(m.Contributes) == 0 && len(m.ContributesMany) == 0 && len(m.OwnSecrets) == 0
+}
+
+// stubbed is in with module held on node as its stub alone (heldAs, nothing of it running), from the manifest node
+// composes it from: a culprit's try.
 func stubbed(in compose.Input, node, module string, bare bool) compose.Input {
+	man, ok := manifestOn(in, node, module)
+	if !ok {
+		return in
+	}
+	return heldAs(in, node, module, man, bare, nil)
+}
+
+// heldAs is in with module held on node (compose.Node.Held): composed from man as what runs of it (compose.Carried of
+// runs; its stub, compose.Stub, when runs is nil or holds nothing of it), as node's Kept; bare, contributing nothing to
+// what it requires and declaring no own secret: none of a held module's own composition is applied, so what it has not
+// been issued (restic's repository on a node it never ran on) is no refusal of the rest.
+func heldAs(in compose.Input, node, module string, man catalogue.Manifest, bare bool, runs *delivery.Composed) compose.Input {
 	out := in
 	out.Nodes = append([]compose.Node(nil), in.Nodes...)
 	for i := range out.Nodes {
 		if out.Nodes[i].Name != node {
 			continue
 		}
-		man, ok := out.Nodes[i].Kept[module]
-		if !ok {
-			if man, ok = in.Catalogue[module]; !ok {
-				return in
-			}
+		if bare {
+			man.Contributes, man.ContributesMany, man.OwnSecrets = nil, nil, nil
 		}
 		kept := make(map[string]catalogue.Manifest, len(out.Nodes[i].Kept)+1)
 		for k, v := range out.Nodes[i].Kept {
 			kept[k] = v
 		}
-		stub := compose.Stub(man)
-		if bare {
-			stub.Contributes, stub.ContributesMany = nil, nil
-		}
-		kept[module] = stub
+		kept[module] = compose.Carried(man, module, runs)
 		out.Nodes[i].Kept = kept
+		held := make(map[string]bool, len(out.Nodes[i].Held)+1)
+		for k, v := range out.Nodes[i].Held {
+			held[k] = v
+		}
+		held[module] = true
+		out.Nodes[i].Held = held
 	}
 	return out
 }
diff --git a/go/compose/frombus/answer_rows_test.go b/go/compose/frombus/answer_rows_test.go
index b90e2a1..71ea788 100644
--- a/go/compose/frombus/answer_rows_test.go
+++ b/go/compose/frombus/answer_rows_test.go
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// A refusal naming no module placed here is no module's: no compose is spent stubbing each in turn (issue 1126: ace's
 	// answer took 7m46s, one compose per module), though here a stub would compose.
-	if m, _ := culprit(in, "n1", fps, map[string]string{}, fmt.Errorf("nothing in this mesh provides \"artifact-store\"")); m != "" {
+	if m, _ := culprit(in, "n1", fps, compose.Foreseeing, map[string]string{}, fmt.Errorf("nothing in this mesh provides \"artifact-store\"")); m != "" {
 		t.Errorf("a refusal naming no placed module was laid on %s", m)
 	}
 	ownKey, _ := delivery.ComposedNodeKey("n1")
@@ -129,7 +129,10 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 		running = append(running, c)
 	}
 	scope := Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"spiegel"}, Running: running}
-	got, _, err := Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, scope, fps)
+	got, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, scope, fps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("the node does not compose itself with spiegel folded at a build of the old form: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -162,9 +165,9 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("the node's own with its bus membership is answered %+v, want the same", a)
 	}
 	// Without what runs, the fold composes spiegel from its manifest, as before, and the composition refuses it.
-	if _, _, err := Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"spiegel"}}, fps); err == nil ||
-		!strings.Contains(err.Error(), "spiegel has not been built for this mesh") {
-		t.Errorf("composed spiegel without what runs: %v", err)
+	if _, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"spiegel"}}, fps); err != nil ||
+		!strings.Contains(held["spiegel"], "spiegel has not been built for this mesh") {
+		t.Errorf("composed spiegel without what runs: %v %v, want spiegel held alone", err, held)
 	}
 
 	// (C) Issue 1126, C5: what the others read of a module carried as it runs is what runs, never its stub's: the filter
@@ -217,7 +220,10 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		running = append(running, c)
 	}
-	got, _, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"spiegel"}, Running: running}, fps)
+	got, _, held, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"spiegel"}, Running: running}, fps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("the node does not compose itself with spiegel carried: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -278,7 +284,8 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 	// de-spiegel folded, and its manifest at the indexer's commit (e25e1beb, captured) asks four required config values
 	// for its route names that nothing sets. novox answered the whole candidate refused ("de-spiegel contributing
 	// praktijk to route says ${setting:praktijk-name} ...": its stub still contributed the route). Only de-spiegel is
-	// refused, in the config form's words, and the rest is judged.
+	// refused, in the config form's words, and proxy, which receives its routes (what it would compose lacks them: review
+	// of the apply, round 1); the rest is judged.
 	spiegel, err := os.ReadFile("testdata/de-spiegel-e25e1beb.module.json")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -302,11 +309,143 @@ func answerNamesEveryRefusalAndLeavesAnOldBuildToTheNode(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("de-spiegel is refused in other words than its config form's: %s", r.Why)
 		}
 	}
-	if a.Refused != "" || !reflect.DeepEqual(refused, []string{"de-spiegel"}) {
-		t.Errorf("a module's own refusal: %+v, want de-spiegel refused alone, the node not", a)
+	if a.Refused != "" || !reflect.DeepEqual(refused, []string{"de-spiegel", "proxy"}) {
+		t.Errorf("a module's own refusal: %+v, want de-spiegel refused with proxy, which receives its routes, the node not", a)
 	}
-	if !slices.ContainsFunc(a.Added, func(m delivery.ModuleAdded) bool { return m.Module == "proxy" }) {
-		t.Errorf("proxy, which composes, is not judged beside de-spiegel's refusal: %+v", a)
+	if !slices.ContainsFunc(a.Added, func(m delivery.ModuleAdded) bool { return m.Module == "lemurs" }) {
+		t.Errorf("lemurs, which composes, is not judged beside de-spiegel's refusal: %+v", a)
+	}
+
+	// (E) Issue 1126, the applying path (review of the seed): the composition novox applies follows the same rule. It
+	// composed with no culprit, so de-spiegel's unset route names refused the whole node and every module it runs was
+	// marked not composed. Now de-spiegel is held, its refusal said in its config form's words, with proxy, which
+	// receives its routes; lemurs composes, and the node's own composition carries de-spiegel as it runs, so applying it
+	// removes nothing of it.
+	spiegelRuns := []json.RawMessage{
+		json.RawMessage(`{"id":"de-spiegel.state","type":"directory","path":"/var/lib/de-spiegel","mode":"0755"}`),
+		json.RawMessage(`{"id":"de-spiegel.server-env","type":"file","path":"/var/lib/de-spiegel/server.env","mode":"0600","content":"A=1\n"}`),
+		json.RawMessage(`{"id":"de-spiegel.server","type":"container","name":"de-spiegel","image":"registry.example/de-spiegel@sha256:` + strings.Repeat("c", 64) + `"}`)}
+	if in, err = Input(ctx, b, Mesh{}, stub); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	in.Nodes[0].Kept = map[string]catalogue.Manifest{"de-spiegel": compose.Stub(in.Catalogue["de-spiegel"])}
+	in.Nodes[0].Kept["de-spiegel"] = func(m catalogue.Manifest) catalogue.Manifest {
+		m.Contributes, m.ContributesMany = nil, nil
+		return m
+	}(in.Nodes[0].Kept["de-spiegel"])
+	if base, _, err = compose.Compositions(in, "n1", fps, compose.Reading); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	running = nil
+	for _, c := range base {
+		if c.Module == "" {
+			c.Resources = append(append([]json.RawMessage{}, c.Resources...), spiegelRuns...)
+		}
+		running = append(running, c)
+	}
+	got, _, held, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", InOwn: []string{"de-spiegel"}, Running: running}, fps)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("de-spiegel's own refusal refuses the node's whole composition: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(held) != 2 || !strings.Contains(held["de-spiegel"], "${config:praktijk-name}") || !strings.Contains(held["proxy"], "de-spiegel") {
+		t.Errorf("held %v, want de-spiegel in its config form's words, and proxy for its routes", held)
+	}
+	lemursKey, _ := delivery.ComposedKey("n1", "lemurs", fps["lemurs"])
+	proxyKey, _ := delivery.ComposedKey("n1", "proxy", fps["proxy"])
+	if _, ok := got[lemursKey]; !ok {
+		t.Errorf("lemurs, which composes, is not composed beside de-spiegel's refusal: %v", sortedKeys(got))
+	}
+	if _, ok := got[proxyKey]; ok {
+		t.Errorf("proxy is composed without the routes of held de-spiegel: %v", sortedKeys(got))
+	}
+	carries := func(c delivery.Composed, what string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		ownRes, _ := json.Marshal(c.Resources)
+		for _, raw := range spiegelRuns {
+			var r struct{ ID string }
+			_ = json.Unmarshal(raw, &r)
+			if !strings.Contains(string(ownRes), `"id":"`+r.ID+`"`) {
+				t.Errorf("%s: the node's own composition drops %s, which de-spiegel runs: %s", what, r.ID, ownRes)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	carries(got[ownKey], "folded")
+	// (F) Leaving the fold (review of the apply, round 1, finding 1): de-spiegel's want names a build of the new form,
+	// so it is no longer folded, while its names are still unset and the node's own still runs it. Held, it is carried
+	// in the node's own as it runs until a composition of its own is handed: else the node's own apply removes its
+	// container, files and units (issue 1945 by a new path).
+	fps["de-spiegel"] = fp("7")
+	got, _, held, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", Running: running}, fps)
+	if err != nil || !strings.Contains(held["de-spiegel"], "${config:praktijk-name}") {
+		t.Fatalf("de-spiegel leaving the fold: %v, held %v", err, held)
+	}
+	spiegelKey, _ := delivery.ComposedKey("n1", "de-spiegel", fps["de-spiegel"])
+	if _, ok := got[spiegelKey]; ok {
+		t.Errorf("held de-spiegel's own composition is handed")
+	}
+	carries(got[ownKey], "leaving the fold")
+
+	// (G) A held module that runs a composition of its own (review of the apply, round 1, finding 2): what the others
+	// compose of it is what runs, never its stub's. site listens on 8080, placed at the machine's 20005, and its own
+	// secret was never issued here: held, the filter must not open 8080 and drop the 20005 that runs. A module whose
+	// composition depends on how site is held (here the filter) is held with it.
+	site := []byte(`{"module":"site","version":"1","capabilities":["container-runtime"],` +
+		`"listens":[{"port":8080,"from":"mesh","why":"the site"}],"own-secrets":{"key":"${dir:state}/key"},` +
+		`"resources":[{"id":"state","type":"directory","path":"/var/lib/site","mode":"0700"},` +
+		`{"id":"server","type":"container","name":"site","image":"registry.example/site@sha256:` + strings.Repeat("c", 64) + `","ports":["8080"]}]}`)
+	b = mk("lemurs", overlay.Name, "site", "nft")
+	for m, raw := range map[string][]byte{"site": site, "nft": nft} {
+		b.manifests[delivery.ManifestDigest(raw)] = raw
+		b.modules[m] = delivery.Module{Manifest: delivery.ManifestDigest(raw)}
+	}
+	p = b.placements["n1"]
+	p.Decided.Endpoint = "n1.example:51820"
+	for i := range p.Modules {
+		if p.Modules[i].Module == "site" {
+			p.Modules[i].Ports = map[string]int{"8080": 20005}
+		}
+	}
+	b.placements["n1"] = p
+	rec = b.records["n1"]
+	rec.OutwardLinks = []string{"eth0"}
+	b.records["n1"] = rec
+	fps = map[string]string{"lemurs": fp("e"), "nft": fp("f"), "site": fp("8")}
+	siteRuns := delivery.Composed{Node: "n1", Module: "site", FP: fps["site"], Resources: []json.RawMessage{
+		json.RawMessage(`{"id":"site.state","module":"site","type":"directory","path":"/var/lib/site","mode":"0700"}`),
+		json.RawMessage(`{"id":"site.server","module":"site","type":"container","name":"site","image":"registry.example/site@sha256:` + strings.Repeat("c", 64) + `","ports":["10.77.0.1:20005:8080"]}`)}}
+	got, _, held, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", Running: []delivery.Composed{siteRuns}}, fps)
+	if err != nil || held["site"] == "" || held["nft"] == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("site, its own secret never issued: %v, held %v; want site held, and the filter, which depends on it", err, held)
+	}
+	for key, c := range got {
+		for _, raw := range c.Resources {
+			if strings.Contains(string(raw), "dport 8080") || (c.Module == "nft" && !strings.Contains(string(raw), "dport 20005") && strings.Contains(string(raw), "# site")) {
+				t.Errorf("%s composes held site from its stub, not from what runs: %s", key, raw)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// (H) Review of the apply, round 2: a held module is composed from its new manifest, so what the others read of its
+	// manifest (its listens, what it contributes) may not be what runs. site's new manifest moves it to 9090 while the
+	// build that runs listens on 8080: the filter, the holder of what site listens on, is held with it, and nothing
+	// applied opens 9090.
+	moved := []byte(strings.Replace(string(site), `"port":8080`, `"port":9090`, 1))
+	b.manifests[delivery.ManifestDigest(moved)] = moved
+	b.modules["site"] = delivery.Module{Manifest: delivery.ManifestDigest(moved)}
+	for i := range p.Modules {
+		p.Modules[i].Ports = nil
+	}
+	b.placements["n1"] = p
+	siteRuns.Resources[1] = json.RawMessage(`{"id":"site.server","module":"site","type":"container","name":"site","image":"registry.example/site@sha256:` + strings.Repeat("c", 64) + `","ports":["8080"]}`)
+	got, _, held, err = Compose(ctx, b, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1", Running: []delivery.Composed{siteRuns}}, fps)
+	if err != nil || held["site"] == "" || held["nft"] == "" {
+		t.Errorf("site moved to 9090 in its new manifest: %v, held %v; want site held, and the filter with it", err, held)
+	}
+	for key, c := range got {
+		for _, raw := range c.Resources {
+			if strings.Contains(string(raw), "dport 9090") {
+				t.Errorf("%s opens 9090, which held site's new manifest names and nothing runs: %s", key, raw)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/go/compose/frombus/frombus.go b/go/compose/frombus/frombus.go
index 7101fa0..7632246 100644
--- a/go/compose/frombus/frombus.go
+++ b/go/compose/frombus/frombus.go
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 // **Own secrets and pair credentials** come from the vault sealed to the composing node's key (OwnSecrets, Credentials),
 // for that node alone: as a consumer and as a provider, exactly the keys compose.CredentialsNeeded names. **Not yet
 // read** (each a later subtask of issue 1126): licences (none is placed today) and core boxes. Without one
-// the composition stands in for it, and Compose refuses a composition that stands in for anything (compose.ErrStoodIn):
-// a node never applies a stand-in. No node is joining before ADR 0547's third milestone (ADR 0550 §6), so Joining is
+// the composition stands in for it, and Compose holds the module it stands in for (or refuses the node, for a stand-in
+// of no module placed there; compose.ErrStoodIn): a node never applies a stand-in. No node is joining before ADR 0547's third milestone (ADR 0550 §6), so Joining is
 // always empty.
 package frombus
 
@@ -379,25 +379,31 @@ func input(ctx context.Context, r Reader, mesh Mesh, s Scope, refuse func(module
 	return in, nil
 }
 
-// Compose is the node's compositions over the bus (ADR 0547 §2): Input for s, then compose.CompositionsApplied at the
-// fingerprints fps gives each module: composed in the Reading mode as the controller composes them, and refused when it
-// stands in for anything the input does not carry (compose.ErrStoodIn), since the node applies what it composed.
-func Compose(ctx context.Context, r Reader, mesh Mesh, s Scope, fps map[string]string) (map[string]delivery.Composed, []string, error) {
-	in, err := Input(ctx, r, mesh, s)
+// Compose is the node's compositions over the bus (ADR 0547 §2): input for s, then composed at the fingerprints fps
+// gives each module in the Reading mode, as the controller composes them, by the one rule its answer to a candidate
+// follows too (composeEach, issue 1126): a module refused alone (its build unread or not taken in, its composition
+// refused, a stand-in for a value of its own the input does not carry, compose.ErrStoodIn) is held, named in held with
+// why, and none of its own composition is in out, so the node keeps what it last applied of it and applies the rest; a
+// node never applies a stand-in. Only a refusal that is no single module's (the node's own resources, a value served
+// elsewhere, a stand-in for the node's own) refuses the node, err.
+func Compose(ctx context.Context, r Reader, mesh Mesh, s Scope, fps map[string]string) (out map[string]delivery.Composed, skipped []string, held map[string]string, err error) {
+	held = map[string]string{}
+	in, err := input(ctx, r, mesh, s, func(module string, err error) { held[module] = err.Error() })
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, nil, held, err
 	}
 	// The pair credentials its composition reads, asked of the vault sealed to it (ADR 0550 §5).
 	asConsumer, asProvider, err := compose.CredentialsNeeded(in, s.Node)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, nil, held, err
 	}
 	if len(asConsumer)+len(asProvider) > 0 {
 		if in.Credentials, in.Issued, err = r.Credentials(ctx, s.Node, asConsumer, asProvider); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("frombus: the credentials of %s: %w", s.Node, err)
+			return nil, nil, held, fmt.Errorf("frombus: the credentials of %s: %w", s.Node, err)
 		}
 	}
-	return compose.CompositionsApplied(in, s.Node, fps)
+	out, skipped, _, err = composeEach(in, s.Node, fps, true, s.Running, held)
+	return out, skipped, held, err
 }
 
 // fromBuilds puts in the built manifest of each module placed on the composing node, at the trunk's FP2, and of each
diff --git a/go/compose/frombus/frombus_test.go b/go/compose/frombus/frombus_test.go
index e02fa56..d15dbed 100644
--- a/go/compose/frombus/frombus_test.go
+++ b/go/compose/frombus/frombus_test.go
@@ -223,7 +223,10 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 	// The same composer over both: the compositions from the bus are the store's, byte for byte.
 	fps := map[string]string{overlay.Name: "src2:" + strings.Repeat("a", 64), "xterm": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("b", 64),
 		"media": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("c", 64)}
-	fromBus, _, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps)
+	fromBus, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -243,7 +246,10 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 		running = append(running, c)
 	}
 	laptop := mk().placements["laptop"]
-	asIs, _, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop", Placements: map[string]*delivery.Placement{"laptop": &laptop}}, fps)
+	asIs, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop", Placements: map[string]*delivery.Placement{"laptop": &laptop}}, fps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -252,7 +258,10 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	moved := mk().placements["anchor"]
 	moved.Decided.Endpoint = "anchor.example:51821"
-	changed, _, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop", Placements: map[string]*delivery.Placement{"laptop": &laptop, "anchor": &moved}}, fps)
+	changed, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, mk(), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop", Placements: map[string]*delivery.Placement{"laptop": &laptop, "anchor": &moved}}, fps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -289,7 +298,10 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	oneFps := map[string]string{"keeper": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("d", 64), "lemurs": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("e", 64),
 		"objects": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("f", 64), "files": "src2:" + strings.Repeat("0", 64)}
-	runs, _, err := Compose(ctx, one("keeper", "lemurs"), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, oneFps)
+	runs, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, one("keeper", "lemurs"), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, oneFps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -297,7 +309,10 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, c := range runs {
 		runsNow = append(runsNow, c)
 	}
-	objectsRun, _, err := Compose(ctx, one("objects"), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, oneFps)
+	objectsRun, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, one("objects"), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, oneFps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -579,11 +594,21 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		return b
 	}
-	if _, _, err := Compose(ctx, movedMesh(false), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `restic needs a secret called "repository"`) {
-		t.Errorf("restic composed from the indexer's manifest: %v, want its own secret refused", err)
+	if out, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, movedMesh(false), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps); err != nil || !strings.Contains(held["restic"], `restic needs a secret called "repository"`) {
+		t.Errorf("restic composed from the indexer's manifest: %v %v, want its own secret refusing restic alone", err, held)
+	} else {
+		for key, c := range out {
+			if c.Module == "restic" {
+				// Its stub's composition, applied, would remove what restic runs: a held module keeps its last one.
+				t.Errorf("held restic is composed as %s, want none of its own composition handed", key)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	builtBus := movedMesh(true)
-	fromBuild, _, err := Compose(ctx, builtBus, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps)
+	fromBuild, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, builtBus, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps)
+	if err == nil && len(held) > 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("modules held: %v", held)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("restic composed from its build: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -597,8 +622,8 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 	// A done key an artifact of which names no reference is waited for, in the controller's words (ADR 0498 §8).
 	unreferenced := movedMesh(true)
 	unreferenced.builds["restic "+movedFps["restic"]].Artifacts = []delivery.BuiltArtifact{{Name: "tools", Kind: "bundle", Digest: digestOf("6")}, resticArtifacts[1]}
-	if _, _, err := Compose(ctx, unreferenced, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "the build of restic is done and waits for the reference of tools") {
-		t.Errorf("a done key with an unreferenced artifact: %v", err)
+	if _, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, unreferenced, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "n1"}, movedFps); err != nil || !strings.Contains(held["restic"], "the build of restic is done and waits for the reference of tools") {
+		t.Errorf("a done key with an unreferenced artifact: %v %v, want restic held alone", err, held)
 	}
 	// A module the node runs inside its own composition (the fold) composes from the indexer's manifest though a done
 	// build of it is at the trunk's FP2: its build is not read.
@@ -662,12 +687,12 @@ func TestInput(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		return b
 	}
-	if _, _, err := Compose(ctx, withMailer(false), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `nothing sets "domain"`) {
+	if _, _, _, err := Compose(ctx, withMailer(false), Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `nothing sets "domain"`) {
 		t.Errorf("a provider's served setting nobody sets: %v", err)
 	}
 	served := withMailer(true)
-	if _, _, err := Compose(ctx, served, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps); err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("laptop with what anchor's mailer serves: %v", err)
+	if _, _, held, err := Compose(ctx, served, Mesh{}, Scope{Node: "laptop"}, fps); err != nil || len(held) > 0 {
+		t.Errorf("laptop with what anchor's mailer serves: %v %v", err, held)
 	}
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(served.servedRead, []string{"anchor.mailer:domain"}) || slices.Contains(served.valuesRead, "anchor.mailer") {
 		t.Errorf("laptop read %v of other nodes (and %v of config values): the served keys of anchor's mailer alone", served.servedRead, served.valuesRead)
diff --git a/go/compose/input.go b/go/compose/input.go
index 5b54123..5b9cba0 100644
--- a/go/compose/input.go
+++ b/go/compose/input.go
@@ -204,6 +204,12 @@ type Node struct {
 	// so it is left to the node: Compositions composes it as a stub (Stub) and carries its resources as they run, each
 	// after the resource it runs after (issue 1126). Nil composes every folded module from its manifest, as before.
 	RunsOwn *delivery.Composed
+	// Held is the modules refused alone on this node, each composed as what runs of it (Carried, in Kept; its Stub when
+	// nothing of it runs) so the rest is composed (novox/hq issue 1126): none of a held module's own composition is in what
+	// Compositions answers, so the node keeps what it last applied of it; one whose resources the node's own runs
+	// (RunsOwn), folded or leaving the fold, is carried there as it runs, whatever its manifest names, so the node's own
+	// never drops it.
+	Held map[string]bool
 }
 
 // Place is where a node is, as its placement says (inv.Overlay).